Depuration and post-exposure recovery of oxidative stress responses to microplastics and cadmium in Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas).

Microplastics and trace metals such as cadmium (Cd) are environmental contaminants commonly co-occurring in marine ecosystems. We aimed to evaluate the impact of combined exposure of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) to microbeads (MBs) and Cd, focusing on the effects of the depuration process on contaminant removal and stress-related biomarkers. Pacific oysters were exposed to MBs, Cd, and their combination for 48 h, followed by a 72 h depuration process using uncontaminated seawater.

Acute co-exposure to microbeads and cadmium enhances accumulation and alters plasma biochemical markers and stress indicators in Korean rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli.

Microplastics (MPs), including microbeads (MBs) and heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd), are persistent marine pollutants that can interact synergistically, with MPs facilitating metal adsorption and transportation. Korean rockfish, an important commercial species, inhabits coastal waters and is susceptible to various external pollutants. In this study, we aimed to assess the effects of co-exposure to MBs and Cd on the accumulation of these contaminants and physiological stress responses in Korean rockfish.

Effects of Hyposalinity on Osmoregulation, Oxidative Stress, and Microbial Disruption in Chromis notata (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843).

Climate change causes substantial alterations in marine environments, including salinity reduction due to glacial melting, increased rainfall, and freshwater influx, which impose stress on marine organisms. Hypoosmotic stress leads to increased production of reactive oxygen species, thereby disrupting physiological processes, such as osmoregulation, oxidative responses, and gut microbial stability, in marine fish. Here, we investigated the responses of Chromis notata, a stenohaline damselfish, exposed to hyposaline conditions (27 and 20 psu), to better understand the effects of hyposalinity on osmoregulation, oxidative stress, and gut microbiota.

Microplastic and Vibrio harveyi co-exposure induces oxidative stress in big-belly seahorse Hippocampus abdominalis.

Microplastics in marine environments can act as vectors for pathogenic bacteria, increasing the risk of infection and physiological stress in marine organisms. Seahorses, which inhabit coastal ecosystems, may be vulnerable to the combined effects of microplastics and bacterial pathogens such as Vibrio harveyi. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of microplastic and bacteria co-exposure on big-belly seahorse (Hippocampus abdominalis).

Pregnancy Outcomes in Women With Fontan Circulation: Single Tertiary Center Experience.

Background And Objectives: The Fontan operation is a significant advancement in the palliative treatment of patients with single ventricular physiology. However, pregnancy in women with Fontan circulation presents increased risks for both the mother and fetus, with limited data available on maternal and fetal outcomes. This study reports maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnancies in women with Fontan circulation from a single tertiary center.

Effect of microplastic binding capacity on antioxidant and immune responses of Korean rockfish Sebastes schlegeli in a co-exposure environment with microplastics and Streptococcusiniae.

Korean rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) aquaculture, which predominantly occurs in coastal regions, encounters challenges such as reduced productivity owing to microplastics and bacterial contamination. Microplastic adsorb bacteria and accumulates in fish, inducing alterations in antioxidant and immune responses. Numerous studies have examined the interaction between microplastics and external pollutants such as heavy metals and physiological changes in fish; however, studies on the effects of combined exposure to microplastics and bacteria on physiological changes in fish remain limited.

Nickel-catalyzed stereo-controlled 2,3-hydrosilylation of 1,1-disubstituted allenes.

Directing regioselectivity and stereoselectivity in allene reactions has long been a significant challenge due to the multiple reactive pathways available. In this study, we report the development of a Ni-catalyzed regio- and stereoselective 2,3-hydrosilylation of 1,1-disubstituted allenes. Stereoselectivity was precisely controlled through the strategic modulation of ligand-induced steric effects and non-covalent interactions.

β-Ionone suppresses colorectal tumorigenesis by activating OR51E2, a potential tumor suppressor.

Background: Olfactory receptors (ORs) are present in non-olfactory tissues and contribute to diverse biological roles beyond smell perception. Among them, OR51E2 has been associated with cancer biology, and its activator, β-ionone, a natural terpenoid, is known to have anticancer effects.

Purpose: This study aimed to clarify the tumor-suppressive role of OR51E2 in colorectal cancer (CRC), unravel the regulatory mechanism underlying its downregulation, and evaluate the therapeutic potential of β-ionone, an OR51E2 ligand, in CRC progression.

Impact of water temperature on oxidative stress and intestinal microbiota in pearl-spot chromis, Chromis notata (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843).

Water temperature is an abiotic factor influencing fish metabolism and physiological responses. As poikilothermic creatures, fish are notable sensitivity to fluctuations in water temperature, which also significantly influences intestinal microbial proliferation. This study aimed to investigate the impact of both low (8 °C) and high (28 °C) water temperatures on oxidative stress and the intestinal microbiota of Chromis notata, a species that has recently migrated northward owing to changes in sea water temperature.

Pirfenidone Alleviates Inflammation and Fibrosis of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome by Modulating the Transforming Growth Factor-β/Smad Signaling Pathway.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) occurs as an acute onset condition, and patients present with diffuse alveolar damage, refractory hypoxemia, and non-cardiac pulmonary edema. ARDS progresses through an initial exudative phase, an inflammatory phase, and a final fibrotic phase. Pirfenidone, a powerful anti-fibrotic agent, is known as an agent that inhibits the progression of fibrosis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Hyposalinity elicits physiological responses and alters intestinal microbiota in Korean rockfish Sebastes schlegelii.

Global warming significantly impacts aquatic ecosystems, with changes in the salt environment negatively affecting the physiological responses of fish. We investigated the impact of hyposalinity on the physiological responses and intestinal microbiota of Sebastes schlegelii under the context of increased freshwater influx due to climate change. We focused on the osmoregulatory capacity, oxidative stress responses, and alterations in the intestinal microbiome of S.

Effects of red-light irradiation and melatonininjection on the antioxidant capacity and occurrence of apoptosis in abalones (Haliotis discus hannai) subjected to thermal stress.

High ocean temperatures caused by global warming induce oxidative stress in aquatic organisms. Melatonin treatment and irradiation using red light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have been reported to reduce oxidative stress in a few aquatic organisms. However, the effects of red LED irradiation and melatonin injection on the antioxidant capacity and degree of apoptosis in abalones, which are nocturnal organisms, have not yet been reported.

Melatonin injection and red light irradiation affect the antioxidant response and cell damage in disk abalone (Haliotis discus hannai) exposed to high water temperatures.

The effects of red light-emitting diode (LED) light irradiation (630 nm, 0.5 W/m) and melatonin (10 and 10M) on oxidative stress and physiological responses in abalones exposed to high temperatures (28°C) were investigated. Changes in messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions of melatonin receptor (MT-R), heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), and antioxidant enzymes, as well as alterations in HO levels in the hemolymph, were examined.

The Roles of Circadian Clock Genes in Plant Temperature Stress Responses.

Plants monitor day length and memorize changes in temperature signals throughout the day, creating circadian rhythms that support the timely control of physiological and metabolic processes. The () transcription factors are known as master regulators for the acquisition of cold stress tolerance, whereas () is involved in plant adaptation to heat stress through thermomorphogenesis. Recent studies have shown that circadian clock genes control plant responses to temperature.

Toxic effects of polystyrene microbeads and benzo[α]pyrene on bioaccumulation, antioxidant response, and cell damage in goldfish Carassius auratus.

Microplastics (MP) are harmful, causing stress in aquatic species and acting as carriers of hydrophobicity. In aquatic environments, benzo[α]pyrene (BaP) is an endocrine-disrupting chemical that accumulates in the body and causes toxic reactions in living organisms. We investigated the effects of single and combined microbead (MB) and BaP environments on goldfish antioxidant response and apoptosis.

Gene editing of authentic generates dihydroflavonol-accumulating Chinese cabbage.

Flavonols are the major class of flavonoids of green Chinese cabbage ( subsp. ). The genome harbors seven genes (s), but they have not been functionally characterized.

Exposure to bisphenol A and fiber-type microplastics induce oxidative stress and cell damage in disk abalone Haliotis discus hannai: Bioaccumulation and toxicity.

Along with environmental pollution caused by rapid economic development and industrialization, plastic waste is emerging as a global concern in relation to marine ecosystems and human health. Among the microplastics, fiber-type microfibers (MF) and bisphenol A (BPA), which are widely used as plasticizers, do not decompose well in the ocean, and tend to accumulate in organisms, generating an increased oxidative stress response. This study investigated the abalones' antioxidant and cell death responses following exposure to the environmental pollutants MF and BPA.

Effects of microfiber and bead microplastic exposure in the goldfish Carassius auratus: Bioaccumulation, antioxidant responses, and cell damage.

We confirmed antioxidant-related gene expression, bioaccumulation, and cell damage following exposure to various microplastics in vivo and in vitro in the goldfish Carassius auratus. Exposure of C. auratus to a 500 µm fiber-type microplastic environment (MF; 10 and 100 fibers/L) and two sizes (0.

Micro-polystyrene plastic and benzo[α]pyrene exposure affects the endocrine system and causes physiological stress in Carassius auratus.

Microplastics, owing to their hydrophobic properties and the various chemicals used in their production, can act as carriers of persistent organic pollutants, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). In this study, we exposed the goldfish Carassius auratus to benzo[α]pyrene (BaP, 10 μg/L), a representative PAH, and micro-polystyrene plastic (MP; 10 and 100 beads/L), of size 1.0 μm, as a single or complex environmental stressor, and evaluated the stress response and the resulting DNA damage.

Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Disk Abalone () Caused by Water Temperature and pH Changes.

Ocean warming and acidification can induce oxidative stress in marine species, resulting in cellular damage and apoptosis. However, the effects of pH and water temperature conditions on oxidative stress and apoptosis in disk abalone are poorly understood. This study investigated, for the first time, the effects of different water temperatures (15, 20, and 25 °C) and pH levels (7.

Modeling of three-dimensional innervated epidermal like-layer in a microfluidic chip-based coculture system.

Reconstruction of skin equivalents with physiologically relevant cellular and matrix architecture is indispensable for basic research and industrial applications. As skin-nerve crosstalk is increasingly recognized as a major element of skin physiological pathology, the development of reliable in vitro models to evaluate the selective communication between epidermal keratinocytes and sensory neurons is being demanded. In this study, we present a three-dimensional innervated epidermal keratinocyte layer as a sensory neuron-epidermal keratinocyte co-culture model on a microfluidic chip using the slope-based air-liquid interfacing culture and spatial compartmentalization.

Transcriptome and QTL mapping analyses of major QTL genes controlling glucosinolate contents in vegetable- and oilseed-type plants.

Glucosinolates (GSLs) are secondary metabolites providing defense against pathogens and herbivores in plants, and anti-carcinogenic activity against human cancer cells. Profiles of GSLs vary greatly among members of genus . In this study, we found that a reference line of Chinese cabbage ( ssp.

Analyzing angiogenesis on a chip using deep learning-based image processing.

Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from existing vessels, has been associated with more than 70 diseases. Although numerous studies have established angiogenesis models, only a few indicators can be used to analyze angiogenic structures. In the present study, we developed an image-processing pipeline based on deep learning to analyze and quantify angiogenesis.