Evaluating the Quality of Online Fertility Nutrition Claims.

Objective: To 1) explore and analyse current online preconception health and nutrition-related claims; 2) assess identified online preconception health claims against current preconception guidelines and 3) understand the perceived health claims among reproductive aged men and women.

Setting: Five online media platforms were searched using fertility nutrition related search terms.

Participants: All claims were assessed by an expert panel against nine Australian and International preconception guidelines.

A low-intensity nutrition intervention targeting triglycerides in gestational diabetes: a feasibility RCT.

Aim: To assess the feasibility of a low-intensity dietary intervention designed to attenuate the rise in triglycerides compared to standard GDM management.

Methods: Women with GDM were randomised at ∼30 weeks' gestation to a standard care group (i.e.

Pre-Pregnancy Diet and/or Physical Activity Interventions for the Prevention of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with short- and long-term adverse health outcomes for women and their infants. Antenatal diet and/or physical activity interventions have not been effective at preventing GDM, and currently, it is not clear whether intervening similarly prior to pregnancy is beneficial.

Aims: This review aims to evaluate the impact of pre-pregnancy diet and/or physical activity interventions on rates of GDM and other maternal and infant health outcomes.

The role of Medicare policy in fertility treatment decisions: perceptions of Australians considering, undertaking or who have undertaken medically assisted reproduction treatment.

Objective Fertility treatments offer the only pathway to parenthood for many people, including those with infertility, single people and those in same-sex relationships. We aimed to explore how current Medicare policy affects Australians' fertility treatment decision-making. Methods Twenty-five people (22 females, 2 males, 1 agender/gender non-conforming) aged 26-54 who had used medically assisted reproduction treatments participated in semi-structured interviews.

Burden of diseases attributable to excess body weight in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019.

Background: To investigate the global, regional, and national burden of the diseases attributable to excess body weight (EBW) from 1990 to 2019, stratified by age, sex, underlying cause, and sociodemographic index (SDI).

Methods: Using the Comparative Risk Assessment approach of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2019, the burden of diseases attributable to EBW was reported for the period from 1990 to 2019. For adults, EBW was defined as a body mass index (BMI) exceeding 25 kg/m, while for children aged 1 to 19 years, EBW was determined according to the standards set by the International Obesity Taskforce.

The Use of Omics in Untangling the Effect of Lifestyle Factors in Pregnancy and Gestational Diabetes: A Systematic Review.

Aim: To synthesise the evidence from clinical trials and observational studies using omics techniques to investigate the impact of diet and lifestyle factors on metabolite profile in pregnancy, and in the prevention and management of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Materials And Methods: A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, Ovid, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases in October 2023 and updated in September 2024. Inclusion criteria were randomised controlled trials (RCT) or non-RCTs in pregnant women with or without GDM, that measured diet and lifestyle factors, and which applied post-transcriptional omics approaches.

Time of day and glycaemic response in pregnant women: A gap in current guidelines?

Background & Aims: Advice to monitor and distribute carbohydrate intake is a key recommendation for treatment of gestational diabetes, but fails to consider circadian regulation of glucose homeostasis. In the non-pregnant state, glucose responses to a meal at night-time are significantly higher than during the day and are associated with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. However, the impact of night time eating on postprandial glucose in pregnancy is uncertain.

Effective interventions in preventing gestational diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Lifestyle choices, metformin, and dietary supplements may prevent GDM, but the effect of intervention characteristics has not been identified. This review evaluated intervention characteristics to inform the implementation of GDM prevention interventions.

Methods: Ovid, MEDLINE/PubMed, and EMBASE databases were searched.

Assessing the influence of preconception diet on male fertility: a systematic scoping review.

Background: The last decade has seen increased research on the relationship between diet and male fertility, but there are no clearly defined nutritional recommendations for men in the preconception period to support clinical fertility outcomes.

Objective And Rationale: The purpose of this scoping review is to examine the extent and range of research undertaken to evaluate the effect(s) of diet in the preconception period on male clinical fertility and reproductive outcomes.

Search Methods: Four electronic databases (MEDLINE and EMBASE via Ovid, CAB Direct, and CINAHL via EBSCO) were searched from inception to July 2023 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies (prospective/retrospective, case-control, and cross-sectional).

Dietary Strategies to Reduce Triglycerides in Women of Reproductive Age: A Simulation Modelling Study.

Many women of reproductive age have poor diet quality and are at higher risk of chronic diseases such as diabetes. Triglycerides are a critical risk factor for chronic diseases, and although they can be influenced by diet, there are minimal dietary intervention studies identifying key foods/food groups that reduce triglycerides. We performed data simulation modelling to estimate the potential reductions in fasting triglycerides that could be achieved by different dietary strategies in reproductive age women.

Burden of diseases attributable to excess body weight in the Middle East and North Africa region, 1990-2019.

High body mass index (BMI), or excess body weight (EBW), represents a significant risk factor for a range of diseases, including cardiovascular diseases and cancers. The study sought to determine the burden of diseases attributable to EBW in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region from 1990 and 2019. The analysis also included an exploration of this burden by age, sex, underlying cause, and sociodemographic index (SDI).

Participant characteristics in the prevention of gestational diabetes as evidence for precision medicine: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Precision prevention involves using the unique characteristics of a particular group to determine their responses to preventive interventions. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the participant characteristics associated with responses to interventions in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) prevention.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Pubmed to identify lifestyle (diet, physical activity, or both), metformin, myoinositol/inositol and probiotics interventions of GDM prevention published up to May 24, 2022.

Iron-Fortified Foods Are Needed To Meet the Estimated Average Requirement for Iron in Australian Infants Aged 6 to 12 Months.

Background: Meeting iron intake recommendations is challenging for infants 6-12 mo, especially breastfed infants. Three-quarters of Australian infants 6-12 mo have iron intakes below the estimated average requirement (7 mg), placing them at risk of iron deficiency. After 6 mo, breastmilk is no longer sufficient to meet the increased demand for iron, and iron-rich complementary foods are recommended.

Assessing the influence of preconception diet on female fertility: a systematic scoping review of observational studies.

Background: Preconception diet is a proposed modifiable risk factor for infertility. However, there is no official guidance for women in the preconception period as to which dietary approaches may improve fertility.

Objective And Rationale: A comprehensive synthesis of the relevant evidence is key to determine the potentially effective dietary patterns and components as well as evidence gaps, and to provide information for nutritional recommendations for couples planning a pregnancy.

Can Dietary Patterns Impact Fertility Outcomes? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

There are conflicting results on the effect of diet on fertility. This study aimed to assess the effect of different dietary patterns on fertility outcomes in populations who conceive spontaneously and those requiring assisted reproductive technology (ART). A systematic search and meta-analysis were performed for studies investigating dietary patterns or whole diets in reproductive aged women requiring ART or conceived naturally.

General Practitioners perspectives on infant telomere length screening after a pregnancy complication: a qualitative analysis.

Background: Pregnancy complications can impact the mother and child's health in the short and longterm resulting in an increased risk of chronic disease later in life. Telomere length is a biomarker of future cardiometabolic diseases and may offer a novel way of identifying offspring most at risk for future chronic diseases.

Objective(s): To qualitatively explore General Practitioners' (GPs) perspectives on the feasibility and uptake for recommending a telomere screening test in children who were born after a pregnancy complication.

Burden of cancers attributable to high fasting plasma glucose in the Middle East and North Africa region, 1990-2019.

Background: The present study reported the cancer deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) that were attributable to high fasting plasma glucose (HFPG) in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region by country, age, sex, cancer type and Socio-demographic Index (SDI), from 1990 to 2019.

Methods: Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 data were used to report the cancer-related deaths and DALYs that were attributable to HFPG, for all MENA countries over the period 1990-2019. The results were presented as numbers, population attributable fractions (PAFs) and rates (per 100,000) with 95% uncertainty intervals.

The Complexities of Managing Gestational Diabetes in Women of Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Backgrounds: A Qualitative Study of Women's Experiences.

Aim: This study aimed to explore women's perspectives and experiences concerning how culture impacts the lifestyle management of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in women of culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds.

Methods: Women of any cultural background diagnosed with GDM within the previous 12 months were purposively recruited from two Australian metropolitan hospitals. Data collected using semi-structured interviews ( = 18) and focus groups ( = 15 women in three groups) were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.

The estimated burden of bulimia nervosa in the Middle East and North Africa region, 1990-2019.

Objective: We aimed to report the burden of bulimia nervosa (BN) in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region by age, sex, and sociodemographic index (SDI), for the period 1990-2019.

Methods: Estimates of the prevalence, incidence, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) attributable to BN were retrieved from the Global Burden of Disease study 2019, between 1990 and 2019, for the 21 countries in the MENA region. The counts and age-standardized rates (per 100,000) were presented, along with their corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals.

Is the Association between Age and Fertility Problems Modified by Diet Quality? Findings from a National Study of Reproductive Age Women in Australia.

Background: Increasing age is a strong risk factor for infertility, and there is accumulating evidence of the importance of a healthier diet for fertility. Whether a healthier diet modifies the association between increasing age and infertility has not been investigated. This study aimed to (i) examine if better diet quality could help reduce age-related infertility; and (ii) assess whether changes in diet quality over time are associated with fertility problems.

Psychological distress and its association with intake of sugar-sweetened beverages, discretionary foods, and alcohol in women during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore psychological distress, lifestyle, and demographic factors, as well as their relationship to discretionary choices in women of reproductive age during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in Australia.

Methods: Reproductive-aged women (18-50 y) in Australia participated in a national online survey. Psychological distress score (using a validated 10-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale questionnaire) was the primary exposure of interest, and key outcomes were frequencies of discretionary choices (sugar-sweetened beverages [SSBs], alcohol, and discretionary foods).

Association between pregnancy intention and psychological distress among women exposed to different levels of restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on the mental health of people globally. Significant concerns about health and access to services among women of reproductive age considering pregnancy may cause psychological distress, and in turn increase health risks during and after pregnancy for mothers and offspring.

Objectives: To examine the association between pregnancy intention and psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia, and explore if this association differed based on local viral transmission rates and corresponding levels of pandemic restrictions.

The Perspectives of Diabetes Educators and Dietitians on Diet and Lifestyle Management for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Qualitative Study.

This study explores the knowledge and practice of diabetes educators and dietitians on diet and lifestyle management in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Diabetes educators and dietitians were recruited from three maternity hospitals in Adelaide (Australia), through snowball and purposive sampling. Thirteen semistructured interviews were conducted, audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed for codes and themes.