Cytisine Use Vs Nicotine Replacement Therapy in Relapsed Smokers with Heart Disease: Feasibility Results from a Pilot Randomized Trial.

Background: Cytisine use has proven efficacy for smoking cessation. We plan to investigate whether cytisine use is effective for relapse recovery and conducted a pilot randomized trial to assess the feasibility of a definitive trial.

Methods: A 2-group, single-site pilot randomized controlled trial was conducted.

Patterns of E-Cigarette Use Among Cardiac Inpatients at a Tertiary-Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Survey.

Background: E-cigarettes are promoted for smoking cessation due to their having lower toxicity than cigarettes, but they are often used recreationally and linked to cardiovascular, respiratory, and mental health risks. Clinicians must understand usage patterns and influencing factors to guide patients in reducing or quitting their use.

Methods: We surveyed consecutive cardiac inpatients admitted to the University of Ottawa Heart Institute between November 2019 and May 2020.

Vaping is associated with increased length of stay among cardiac inpatients.

Introduction: The rapid increase in e-cigarette use, especially among youth, raises significant health concerns. Understanding their impact on high-risk populations, such as those with cardiovascular disease, is crucial for improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare utilization. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of e-cigarette use on hospital length of stay (LOS) in patients with cardiovascular disease.

Association between e-cigarette use, physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness: protocol for a systematic review.

Introduction: Despite the rise in popularity of e-cigarette smoking or 'vaping', its long-term health consequences are still being investigated. In particular, it is unclear what impact e-cigarette use has on aerobic performance and exercise capacity. This information has important implications both for tobacco smokers as a harm reduction approach, and youth and young adults who are increasingly turning to e-cigarettes recreationally.

Impacts of supplementation with pomegranate on cardiometabolic risk factors: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.

Aims: It has been suggested that supplementation with pomegranate (PO) may improve the risk factors related with cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS). This systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to assess the impacts of PO supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors and CMS.

Data Synthesis: A comprehensive search of major databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science was implemented to identify appropriate RCTs that were published until January 2024.

Patterns of e-cigarette use and interest in cessation among current users in Ontario: An online cross-sectional study.

Use of electronic cigarettes, commonly referred to as vaping, has increased substantially in recent years. Our present study aimed to explore vaping patterns and factors that may associated with intention to quit among participants in Ontario, Canada. In this original survey, a total of 757 participants over the age of 15 and currently using e-cigarettes were invited to complete an online survey via social media advertisement about vaping.

Canadian Cardiovascular Society Clinical Practice Update on Contemporary Approaches to Smoking Cessation.

Smoking tobacco is the leading cause of preventable disease and death in Canada. Life expectancy of those who smoke is on average 10 years shorter than those who do not smoke. It is the most important modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), doubling the risk of abdominal aortic aneurysm, coronary artery disease, ischemic stroke, and peripheral arterial disease.

The effects of an anti-inflammatory diet alone or in combination with acupuncture on mental health, anthropometric indices, and metabolic status in diabetic patients with depression: a randomized, controlled clinical trial.

Background: The present clinical trial examined the efficacy of an anti-inflammatory diet combined with acupuncture compared to an anti-inflammatory diet alone and standard treatment in depressed patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

Methods: In this 8-week randomized controlled clinical trial, 90 patients with T2DM who were experiencing mild to moderate depression were included. The participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: (i) acupuncture combined with an anti-inflammatory diet, (ii) an anti-inflammatory diet alone, and (iii) standard treatment.

Impacts of Curcumin Supplementation on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis.

Background And Aim: Patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) commonly have cardiometabolic risk factors. Oxidative stress (OS) significantly contributes to the development of cardiometabolic diseases. Curcumin (CUR) exhibits antioxidant properties that aid in OS regulation.

Vaping cessation interventions: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), such as e-cigarettes, have surged in popularity. While long-term risks remain unclear, known dangers include nicotine addiction, E-cigarette or Vaping Use-Associated Lung Injury and potential extrapulmonary effects on the heart, immune system and neurodevelopment. Addressing ENDS addiction may require strategies akin to smoking cessation.

Does supplementation with pine bark extract improve cardiometabolic risk factors? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Supplementation with pine bark extract (PBE) may improve risk factors associated with cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS). The effects of PBE supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors were evaluated in this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Methods: A comprehensive search of various databases was performed to identify relevant RCTs published up to September 2024.

Cytisine compared to combination nicotine replacement therapy to reduce cigarette consumption in relapsed smokers: protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial.

Background: Cigarette smoking is a leading cause of death and disease, including those related to the cardiovascular system. Cytisine is a plant-based medication, which works in a similar mechanism to varenicline. It is safe, efficacious, and cost-effective for smoking cessation.

Curcumin on Human Health: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 103 Randomized Controlled Trials.

The aim of this meta-analysis was to determine the effect of curcumin on a range of health outcomes. PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched from inception until September 2023. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that compared the effect of Curcuma longa L.

Does vitamin D supplementation impact serotonin levels? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: Vitamin D deficiency impacts a significant proportion of the world's population, and this deficiency has been linked to various conditions characterized by imbalanced serotonin regulation. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on serum serotonin levels.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Central for Randomized Clinical Trials, and Web of Science up to September 2022, without any language restrictions.

Effect of melatonin supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors, oxidative stress and hormonal profile in PCOS patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Background: To investigate whether melatonin supplementation can enhance cardiometabolic risk factors, reduce oxidative stress, and improve hormonal and pregnancy-related factors in patients with PCOS.

Methods: We conducted a systematic search of PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library for articles published in English from inception to March 2023. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the use of melatonin for patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

High-Density Lipoprotein Metabolism and Function in Cardiovascular Diseases: What about Aging and Diet Effects?

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have become the leading global cause of mortality, prompting a heightened focus on identifying precise indicators for their assessment and treatment. In this perspective, the plasma levels of HDL have emerged as a pivotal focus, given the demonstrable correlation between plasma levels and cardiovascular events, rendering them a noteworthy biomarker. However, it is crucial to acknowledge that HDLs, while intricate, are not presently a direct therapeutic target, necessitating a more nuanced understanding of their dynamic remodeling throughout their life cycle.

The effect of quercetin supplementation on clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) affects both the respiratory system and the body as a whole. Natural molecules, such as flavonoid quercetin, as potential treatment methods to help patients combat COVID-19. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to give a comprehensive overview of the impact of quercetin supplementation on inflammatory factors, hospital admission, and mortality of patients with COVID-19.

Effect of Extra Virgin Olive Oil on Anthropometric Indices, Inflammatory and Cardiometabolic Markers: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Background: A large body of literature associated extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) consumption with low risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. However, findings from clinical trials related to EVOO consumption on blood pressure, lipid profile, and anthropometric and inflammation parameters are not univocal.

Objectives: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of EVOO consumption on cardiometabolic risk factors and inflammatory mediators.

Muscle Strength and Biochemical Markers as Predictors of Depression in Hemodialysis Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Patients with chronic renal failure, many of which treated with hemodialysis, present a high prevalence of impaired muscle strength which suggest that muscle mass parameters may be used as markers for changes in muscle in these patients. Measurement of handgrip strength (HGS) is a common, simple, and quick measure of muscle function an indicator of overall muscle strength which has been associated with physical activity and several anthropometric traits. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) are biochemical markers associated with inflammatory processes which are a common consequence of dialysis.

The effects of Ellagic acid supplementation on neurotrophic, inflammation, and oxidative stress factors, and indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase gene expression in multiple sclerosis patients with mild to moderate depressive symptoms: A randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Depression is one of the most common psychological disorders among multiple sclerosis (MS) patients that characterized as the first symptoms. Ellagic acid is a natural polyphenol that may have neuroprotective properties through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects.

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of Ellagic acid on circulating levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), interferon-γ (IFN-ƴ), nitric oxide (NO), nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), cortisol, serotonergic system, and indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) gene expression in MS patients with mild to moderate depressive symptoms.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the omega-3 fatty acids effects on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).

Background: Omega-3 fatty acids (omega-3 FAs) have attracted the attention of researchers because of their influence on circulatory levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Our objective was to review systematically and Meta-analyze randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the effects of omega-3 FAs supplementation on serum BDNF concentration.

Methods: Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched until April 2023.

Effect of omega-3 supplementation on lipid profile in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Purpose: Dyslipidemia is considered as a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Yet various trials with wide ranges of doses and durations have reported contradictory results. We undertook this meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to determine whether omega-3 supplementation can affect lipid profile in children and adolescents.

Effect of synbiotic bread containing lactic acid on blood lipids and apolipoproteins in patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial.

Recently, the use of synbiotics for managing various diseases has dramatically increased. Synbiotics have been shown to be a good approach to influence the composition of the gut microbiota with positive health effects. Management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complications is one of the reasons for the ingestion of synbiotics and so the aim of the current study was to determine the effects of synbiotic bread intake on markers of lipid profile in T2DM patients.