Association between neighborhood environment and self-reported and objectively measured physical activity in Hispanic families.

Objective: Given the limited information about how neighborhood environment relates to physical activity (PA) in Hispanic families, this work examined cross-sectional associations between perceived neighborhood environment and PA of Hispanic parents and children.

Methods: Participants were 137 Hispanic parent-child dyads (children aged 6-11 years) in South Phoenix, AZ, USA. Parents completed a survey about their own and their child's PA, and perceptions of neighborhood environment (i.

Physical fitness and incident mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review.

Background: Higher physical fitness is associated with various health outcomes, including decreased dementia risk. Little is known as to whether physical fitness is also associated with new onset of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Our aim was to provide an overview of longitudinal research on the associations between physical fitness and the risk of incident MCI.

Development of Modified Japanese Versions of Questionnaires to Assess Physical and Cognitively Stimulating Activities.

Introduction: Lifestyle factors such as physical and cognitively stimulating activities may protect against various diseases. However, only a few simple and validated questionnaires assess the lifestyle factors in Japan. Thus, we aimed to create Japanese versions of such questionnaires for assessing physical and cognitively stimulating activities.

Associations of Mid- and Late-Life Physical Activities With New-Onset Depression and Anxiety Among Older Adults.

Objective: The authors of this prospective cohort study sought to examine associations between mid- and late-life physical activities and incident clinical depression and anxiety among community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: The sample included 2,630 adults to examine the outcome of clinical depression (median follow-up length=5.4 years) and 2,444 to examine clinical anxiety (median follow-up length=5.

Physical activity and gait in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: a literature review.

Background: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is characterized by impaired gait and cognition, and urinary incontinence. Even though iNPH still lacks standardized diagnostic criteria, many patients may potentially benefit from treatment which are often invasive procedures.

Objectives: To provide an overview of the current state of research on physical activity behavior and gait in patients with iNPH, and examine potential changes after treatment (i.

Physical activity and the outcome of cognitive trajectory: a machine learning approach.

Background: Physical activity (PA) may have an impact on cognitive function. Machine learning (ML) techniques are increasingly used in dementia research, e.g.

Predicting cognitive decline from neuropsychiatric symptoms and Alzheimer's disease biomarkers: A machine learning approach to a population-based data.

Background: The aim of this study was to examine the potential added value of including neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in machine learning (ML) models, along with demographic features and Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers, to predict decline or non-decline in global and domain-specific cognitive scores among community-dwelling older adults.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of adding NPS to AD biomarkers on ML model accuracy in predicting cognitive decline among older adults.

Methods: The study was conducted in the setting of the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging, including participants aged ≥ 50 years with information on demographics (i.

Human motor performance assessment with lower limb exoskeletons as a potential strategy to support healthy aging-a perspective article.

With increasing age, motor performance declines. This decline is associated with less favorable health outcomes such as impaired activities of daily living, reduced quality of life, or increased mortality. Through regular assessment of motor performance, changes over time can be monitored, and targeted therapeutic programs and interventions may be informed.

Prevalence of Dementia and Cognitive Impairment in East Africa Region: A Scoping Review of Population-Based Studies and Call for Further Research.

Background: Population-based research on the prevalence and determinants of dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and cognitive impairment is scarce in East Africa.

Objective: To provide an overview of community- and population-based studies among older adults on the prevalence of dementia and cognitive impairment in East Africa, and identify research gaps.

Methods: We carried out a literature search using three electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar) using pertinent search terms.

Association of Anxiety and Unspecified Emotional Distress Obtained from a Medical Records Linkage System with Incident Cognitive Outcomes in a Population-Based Setting.

Background: Studies that assess cognition prospectively and study in detail anxiety history in the participants' medical records within the context of brain aging and Alzheimer's disease are limited.

Objective: To examine the associations of anxiety and unspecified emotional distress (UED) acquired throughout a person's life with prospectively collected cognitive outcomes.

Methods: Mayo Clinic Study of Aging participants who were cognitively unimpaired at baseline were included.

Sex-difference in the association between social drinking, structural brain aging and cognitive function in older individuals free of cognitive impairment.

Background: We investigated a potential sex difference in the relationship between alcohol consumption, brain age gap and cognitive function in older adults without cognitive impairment from the population-based Mayo Clinic Study of Aging.

Methods: Self-reported alcohol consumption was collected using the food-frequency questionnaire. A battery of cognitive testing assessed performance in four different domains: attention, memory, language, and visuospatial.

Longitudinal association between fitness and metabolic syndrome: a population-based study over 29 years follow-up.

Objectives: To examine the longitudinal associations between fitness and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in community-dwelling adults over 29 years of follow-up.

Design: Ongoing, population-based cohort study of adults aged ≥ 33 years at baseline residing in the city of Bad Schönborn, Germany.

Methods: The sample comprised 89 persons (41 females; mean age 40.

Are nursing home employees ready for the technical evolution? German-wide survey on the status quo of affinity for technology and technology interaction.

Background: Technological devices can support nursing home employees; however, their perspective is not sufficiently studied. Our aims were thus to (a) examine affinity for technology and technology interaction and related sociodemographic confounders, as well as (b) detect possible requirements and boundary conditions relevant for the development and implementation of assistive technologies among nursing home employees.

Methods: We conducted an online survey between May and July of 2022 among 200 nursing home employees in Germany.

A New Approach to Individualize Physical Activity Interventions for Individuals With Dementia: Cluster Analysis Based on Physical and Cognitive Performance.

Background And Purpose: Physical activity (PA) can have a beneficial effect on cognitive and physical performance in individuals with dementia (IWD), including those residing in nursing homes. However, PA interventions in nursing homes are usually delivered using a group setting, which may limit the effectiveness of the intervention due to the heterogenous nature of IWD. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify clusters based on cognitive and physical performance values, which could be used to improve individualization of PA interventions.

A Tablet-Based App to Support Nursing Home Staff in Delivering an Individualized Cognitive and Physical Exercise Program for Individuals With Dementia: Mixed Methods Usability Study.

Background: The promotion of physical activity in individuals with dementia living in nursing homes is crucial for preserving physical and cognitive functions and the associated quality of life. Nevertheless, the implementation of physical activity programs in this setting is challenging, as the time and expertise of nursing home staff are limited. This situation was further exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Plasma-derived biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease and neuropsychiatric symptoms: A community-based study.

Introduction: We examined associations between plasma-derived biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: Cross-sectional study involving 1005 persons ≥50 years of age (mean 74 years, 564 male, 118 cognitively impaired), who completed plasma-derived biomarker (amyloid beta 42 [Aβ42]/Aβ40, phosphorylated tau 181 [p-tau181], p-tau217, total tau [t-tau], neurofilament light [NfL]), and NPS assessment.

Results: P-tau181 (odds ratio [OR] 2.

A tool to assess fitness among adults in public health studies - Predictive validity of the FFB-Mot questionnaire.

Background: Fitness has important implications for physical activity behavior and is associated with various health-related outcomes. It can be assessed through a test battery or a self-reported questionnaire. One example is the FFB-Mot (Funktionsfragebogen Motorik; engl.

Longitudinal associations between physical activity and five risk factors of metabolic syndrome in middle-aged adults in Germany.

Background: We examined the longitudinal association between (change in) physical activity (PA) with new onset of five risk factors of metabolic syndrome among 657 middle-aged adults (mean age 44.1 (standard deviation (SD) 8.6) years) who were free of the respective outcome at baseline, in a longitudinal cohort study spanning over 29 years.

Use of Lower Limb Exoskeletons as an Assessment Tool for Human Motor Performance: A Systematic Review.

Exoskeletons are a promising tool to support individuals with a decreased level of motor performance. Due to their built-in sensors, exoskeletons offer the possibility of continuously recording and assessing user data, for example, related to motor performance. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of studies that rely on using exoskeletons to measure motor performance.

Interactions Between Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Biomarkers in Predicting Longitudinal Cognitive Decline.

Objective: To examine interactions between Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) with Pittsburgh Compound B (PiB) and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in predicting cognitive trajectories.

Methods: We conducted a longitudinal study in the setting of the population-based Mayo Clinic Study of Aging in Olmsted County, MN, involving 1581 cognitively unimpaired (CU) persons aged ≥50 years (median age 71.83 years, 54.

Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Commonly Used Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease: A Literature Review from a Machine Learning Perspective.

There is a growing interest in the application of machine learning (ML) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) research. However, neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS), frequent in subjects with AD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and other related dementias have not been analyzed sufficiently using ML methods. To portray the landscape and potential of ML research in AD and NPS studies, we present a comprehensive literature review of existing ML approaches and commonly studied AD biomarkers.

Association between physical activity and longitudinal change in body mass index in middle-aged and older adults.

Background: In middle-aged and particularly older adults, body mass index (BMI) is associated with various health outcomes. We examined associations between physical activity (PA) and longitudinal BMI change in persons aged ≥ 50 years.

Methods: The sample included 5159 community-dwelling individuals aged ≥ 50 years (50.

Mid- and Late-Life Physical Activity and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Dementia-Free Older Adults: Mayo Clinic Study of Aging.

Objective: This study examined associations between physical activity (PA) and neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in older adults free of dementia.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 3,222 individuals ≥70 years of age (1,655 men; mean±SD age=79.2±5.