Low-Dose Chest CT Lung Cancer Screening for School Cafeteria Workers: A Position Paper from the Korean Society of Thoracic Radiology.

The Korean Society of Thoracic Radiology (KSTR) conducted an assessment on the necessity of low-dose chest CT (LDCT) lung cancer screening for Korean school cafeteria workers. This assessment was prompted by growing concerns about the potential risk of lung cancer due to exposure to carcinogenic cooking fumes. To reach a consensus on various aspects of LDCT screening for Korean school cafeteria workers, thoracic radiologists were involved in a survey that utilized the Delphi method.

Prognostic role of the pulmonary artery-to-aorta ratio and the N-terminal of prohormone brain natriuretic peptide in patients hospitalized with bronchiectasis exacerbation.

Background: Information regarding the role of the N-terminal of prohormone brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and the ratio of the diameter of the pulmonary artery to the diameter of the aorta (PA:A ratio) on computed tomography in predicting prognosis in patients with bronchiectasis exacerbation is limited.

Methods: Retrospectively, patients with bronchiectasis exacerbation were classified into survivors and non-survivors based on 1-year mortality. Clinical, laboratory, and radiological variables were compared between the two groups.

Learning Curve of Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Needle Biopsy for Pleural Lesions: A Retrospective Study at Two Tertiary Referral Hospitals.

: Ultrasound (US)-guided percutaneous pleural needle biopsy (PCPNB) is increasingly performed as a minimally invasive approach for the diagnosis of pleural lesions. However, no prior studies have investigated the learning curve for this method. The purpose of this study was to assess the learning curve of US-guided PCPNB using the cumulative summation (CUSUM) method and to calculate the number of procedures to achieve proficiency.

Clinical characteristics of community-acquired primary pleural infection compared to postpneumonic pleural infection: a retrospective study.

Background: Data on the clinical features and treatment outcomes in patients with primary pleural infection (PI) are limited. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of these patients.

Patients And Methods: In this retrospective study, patients with community-acquired PI, diagnosed based on pleural fluid analysis, were classified into postpneumonic and primary PI groups according to computed tomography (CT) findings.

Tuberculous and Malignant Pleural Effusions With Adenosine Deaminase Levels of 40-70 IU/L: Trends in New Cases Over Time and Differentiation Between Groups.

Background: The diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) often relies on pleural fluid adenosine deaminase (ADA) levels. The diagnostic utility of ADA, however, is influenced by the prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) in local populations. Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) cases can exhibit moderately elevated ADA levels comparable to those seen in TPE.

Pectoralis Muscle Area as a Predictor of Mortality in Patients Hospitalized with Bronchiectasis Exacerbation.

Introduction: Data on factors related to mortality in patients with bronchiectasis exacerbation are insufficient. Computed tomography (CT) can measure the pectoralis muscle area (PMA) and is a useful tool to diagnose sarcopenia. This study aimed to evaluate whether PMA can predict mortality in patients with bronchiectasis exacerbation.

Clinical Role of Upfront F-18 FDG PET/CT in Determining Biopsy Sites for Lung Cancer Diagnosis.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the impact of FDG PET/CT timing for biopsy site selection in patients with stage IV lung cancer regarding complications and diagnostic yield.

Methods: This retrospective analysis was performed on 1297 patients (924 men and 373 women with a mean age of 71.4 ± 10.

Development and Validation of a Robust and Interpretable Early Triaging Support System for Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19: Predictive Algorithm Modeling and Interpretation Study.

Background: Robust and accurate prediction of severity for patients with COVID-19 is crucial for patient triaging decisions. Many proposed models were prone to either high bias risk or low-to-moderate discrimination. Some also suffered from a lack of clinical interpretability and were developed based on early pandemic period data.

Immunoglobulin G4-Related Lung Disease with Waxing and Waning Pulmonary Infiltrates: A Case Report.

Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related lung disease can have various clinical courses. To our knowledge, reports of IgG4-related lung disease with waxing and waning pulmonary infiltrates only are very rare. A few lung nodules and ground glass opacities were incidentally found in a pre-operative evaluation in a 36-year-old female.

Predictive factors for severe radiation-induced lung injury in patients with lung cancer and coexisting interstitial lung disease.

Background And Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the predictive factors of severe radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) in patients with lung cancer and coexisting interstitial lung disease (ILD) undergoing conventionally fractionated thoracic radiotherapy.

Materials And Methods: The study includes consecutive patients treated with thoracic radiotherapy for lung cancer at two tertiary centers between 2010 and 2021. RILI severity was graded using the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria version 5.

Efficacy of Bronchial Artery Embolization for Clinically Suspected Bronchial Dieulafoy's Disease.

Background: The efficacy of bronchial artery embolization (BAE) for bronchial Dieulafoy's disease (BDD) has not been well established.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of BAE in patients with clinically suspected BDD presenting with major hemoptysis, and to describe angiographic findings.

Methods: 17 patients (all men; mean age, 53.

Erratum: Correction of Affiliations in the Article "Establishment of a Nationwide Korean Imaging Cohort of Coronavirus Disease 2019".

This corrects the article on p. e413 in vol. 35, PMID: 33258333.

Correction: Deep Learning With Chest Radiographs for Making Prognoses in Patients With COVID-19: Retrospective Cohort Study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2196/42717.].

Hemoptysis as the presenting manifestation of bronchiectasis-associated hospitalization in Korea.

Background: Patients with bronchiectasis commonly experience disease exacerbations, which cause significant morbidity and mortality. However, data regarding the clinical features of bronchiectasis patients hospitalized with hemoptysis are scarce.

Methods: We retrospectively collected the data of patients with bronchiectasis-associated hospitalization at a tertiary referral center in Korea, and classified them into the hemoptysis and infective exacerbation (IE) groups.

Generative Adversarial Network-Based Image Conversion Among Different Computed Tomography Protocols and Vendors: Effects on Accuracy and Variability in Quantifying Regional Disease Patterns of Interstitial Lung Disease.

Objective: To assess whether computed tomography (CT) conversion across different scan parameters and manufacturers using a routable generative adversarial network (RouteGAN) can improve the accuracy and variability in quantifying interstitial lung disease (ILD) using a deep learning-based automated software.

Materials And Methods: This study included patients with ILD who underwent thin-section CT. Unmatched CT images obtained using scanners from four manufacturers (vendors A-D), standard- or low-radiation doses, and sharp or medium kernels were classified into groups 1-7 according to acquisition conditions.

Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infection Mimicking Lung Cancer in A Patient with Usual Interstitial Pneumonia Pattern Interstitial Lung Disease: A Case Report.

Background: It has been reported that structure damage in the parenchymal lung disease such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is associated with high susceptibility to nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infection. Radiologic features of NTM lung disease in destructive lung parenchyma can be atypical, which can cause confusion with other diseases including malignancy. Prompt and accurate identification of newly developed lesions in the follow-up computed tomography (CT) of IPF patients is challenging but crucial.

Clinical predictors and outcomes of non-expandable lung following percutaneous catheter drainage in lung cancer patients with malignant pleural effusion.

Non-expandable lung (NEL) often occurs during pleural fluid drainage in patients with malignant pleural effusion (MPE). However, data regarding the predictors and prognostic impact of NEL on primary lung cancer patients with MPE receiving pleural fluid drainage, compared to malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), are limited. This study was aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of lung cancer patients with MPE developing NEL following ultrasonography (USG)-guided percutaneous catheter drainage (PCD) and compare the clinical outcomes between those with and without NEL.

Ultrasound-guided lung biopsy for small (≤2 cm) subpleural lung lesions: comparison of diagnostic yield and safety with larger lesions.

Background: Ultrasound (US)-guided percutaneous core needle biopsy (PCNB) has been used to diagnose subpleural lung lesions with high diagnostic performance and acceptable complication rates. However, with regard to the role of US-guided needle biopsy for the diagnosis of small (≤2 cm) subpleural lesions, limited information is available.

Methods: From April 2011 to October 2021, a total of 572 US-guided PCNBs in 572 patients were retrospectively reviewed.

Different characteristics of pleural abnormalities on computed tomography between tuberculous and malignant pleural effusions.

Background: Computed tomography (CT) is the mainstay imaging modality for suspected pleural malignancy. Tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) can present with various pleural abnormalities. However, few studies have evaluated the different characteristics of pleural abnormalities on chest CT between TPE and malignant pleural effusion (MPE).

Atypical Radiological Findings of Capillary Hemangioma in Right Atrium: A Case Report.

Background: Cardiac hemangiomas account for only 2.8% of primary cardiac tumors and are caused by the abnormal proliferation of endothelial cells and excess blood vessels. Typical radiological findings of cardiac hemangioma demonstrate intense contrast enhancement.

Clinical relevance of bronchiectasis in patients with community-acquired pneumonia.

Background: Data regarding the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and bronchiectasis (BE) are rare. This study aims to elucidate the clinical relevance of BE in patients with CAP.

Methods: Patients hospitalized with CAP in a single center were retrospectively analyzed and divided into significant BE (BE with ≥ 3 lobes or cystic BE on computed tomography) and control groups.

Deep Learning With Chest Radiographs for Making Prognoses in Patients With COVID-19: Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: An artificial intelligence (AI) model using chest radiography (CXR) may provide good performance in making prognoses for COVID-19.

Objective: We aimed to develop and validate a prediction model using CXR based on an AI model and clinical variables to predict clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19.

Methods: This retrospective longitudinal study included patients hospitalized for COVID-19 at multiple COVID-19 medical centers between February 2020 and October 2020.