Two New Species of (Agaricales, Omphalotaceae) from Mudeungsan National Park in Korea.

(Agaricales, Omphalotaceae) is a saprobic mushroom-forming genus characterized by gymnopoid, omphaloid, and pleurotoid basidiome, and ellipsoid to cylindrical basidiospores. Currently, 66 species are classified as the genus through continuous taxonomic validations to resolve taxonomic confusions caused by morphological similarities with other genera, such as and . In Korea, 16 species have been recently identified, but there are still many undiscovered species.

Implementation of generative AI for the assessment and treatment of autism spectrum disorders: a scoping review.

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and restrictive, repetitive behaviors. Current diagnostic and intervention pathways rely heavily on clinician expertise, leading to delays and limited scalability. Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) offers emerging opportunities for automatically assisting and personalizing ASD care, though technical and ethical concerns persist.

Six Unrecorded Species of Agaricales (Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota) from Mudeungsan National Park in Korea.

The order Agaricales is one of the diverse mushroom-forming fungi, with approximately 40,000 identified species worldwide. They contribute to forest ecosystems as decomposers, symbionts, or pathogens. Mudeungsan National Park is one of the biggest National Park in Southwestern Korea.

Integrating Heart Rate Variability Improves Machine Learning-based Prediction of Panic Disorder Symptom Severity.

Objective: The association between panic disorder (PD) and heart rate variability (HRV) has long been studied with a focus on the imbalance of the autonomic nervous system. This study aims to demonstrate the predictive capability of HRV in determining PD severity using machine learning.

Methods: Psychometric scales and various HRV components were measured from 507 PD patients who were recruited.

R-loops: a key driver of inflammatory responses in cancer.

R-loops, which are noncanonical three-stranded nucleic acid structures formed when RNA hybridizes with complementary DNA strand while displacing the other DNA strand, have emerged as crucial players in cellular homeostasis and cancer pathogenesis. Here we explore the intricate relationship between R-loops and inflammation in the context of cancer development and progression. R-loops can trigger inflammatory responses through various mechanisms, including DNA damage induction, genome instability and activation of innate immune pathways, particularly in cancer cells, where R-loop regulation is frequently dysregulated.

Depletion of BRD9-mediated R-loop accumulation inhibits leukemia cell growth via transcription-replication conflict.

Bromodomain-containing protein 9 (BRD9) has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for blood cancers, including acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and multiple myeloma. PROTAC-based BRD9 degraders effectively hamper the growth and survival of leukemia cells; however, the underlying mechanism of these BRD9 degraders remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that depletion of BRD9 triggers DNA damage via R-loop accumulation, leading to conflicts between transcription and replication processes.

Proteome-wide microarray-based screening of PAR-binding proteins.

Poly (ADP-ribose) (PAR) plays a crucial role in intracellular signaling and scaffolding through covalent modification or non-covalent binding to target proteins. The non-covalent PAR binding proteome (PARylome) has not been extensively characterized. Here we performed a PAR-binding screen using a human protein microarray that covers most of the human proteome to characterize the non-covalent binding PARylome.

Dual mobility cups reduce dislocation in isolated cup revision.

Background: Dual-mobility cup (DMC) is gaining increasing attention in total hip arthroplasty (THA) revision due to its numerous advantages. However, the prognosis after isolated cup revision with DMC remains unclear. This study aimed to compare complications, focusing on dislocation, and analyze clinical outcomes in patients who underwent isolated cup revision after THA.

Neural dynamics of social anxiety during and after anxiety-provoking and relaxation-inducing: A task and resting-state fMRI study.

Background: Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is marked by intense fear of social situations and negative evaluation. This study investigated neural effects of SAD-specific imagery scripts and their relationships with Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation (BFNE).

Methods: Thirty-six SAD and 32 healthy controls underwent four five-minute fMRI runs: anxiety-provoking imagery, rest, relaxing imagery, and rest.

Relationship between regional relative theta power and amyloid deposition in mild cognitive impairment: an exploratory study.

Introduction: Electroencephalographic (EEG) abnormalities, such as increased theta power, have been proposed as biomarkers for neurocognitive disorders. Advancements in amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) imaging have enhanced our understanding of the pathology of neurocognitive disorders, such as amyloid deposition. However, much remains unknown regarding the relationship between regional amyloid deposition and EEG abnormalities.

Taxonomic study of (Hymenochaetales, Hymenochaetaceae) in East Asia with two new species.

The genus (Hymenochaetales, Hymenochaetaceae) was first described by Murrill in 1907. However, species of were subsequently reclassified into the genera , , and due to overlapping morphological characteristics, leading to multiple synonyms and confusion among researchers. Recent phylogenetic analyses based on multimarker datasets have clarified the diversity and relationships within , but East Asian species remain underrepresented due to limited morphological data.

Jannaschia ovalis sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated from a tidal flat sediment in the Republic of Korea.

A Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, aerobic, pale-yellow coloured and oval-shaped bacterium designated GRR-S6-38 was isolated from a tidal flat sediment that collected from Garorim Bay of the Yellow Sea, Republic of Korea. Strain GRR-S6-38 grew at 15-40 °C (optimum, 30 °C) at pH 6-9 (optimum, pH 7) and at 2-6% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 2% NaCl). Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain GRR-S6-38 was closely related to those of J.

Revision total hip arthroplasty with medial wall defect using bone graft with or without porous metal restrictor.

When a severe medial wall defect is present in revision total hip arthroplasty (THA), simple bone grafting (BG) may not be sufficient, and trabecular metal (TM) augmentation is often necessary. We aimed to evaluate whether there were differences in outcomes of revision THA with medial wall defects depending on the use of TM augmentation. Between 2009-2021, 130 patients were classified into two groups: 80 patients undergoing bone grafting (BG group) and 50 patients undergoing both bone grafting and TM augmentation (BG/TM group).

Entropy-Stabilized Multication Fluorides as a Conversion-Type Cathode for Li-Ion Batteries-Impact of Element Selection.

Metal fluorides (e.g., FeF and FeF) have received attention as conversion-type cathode materials for Li-ion batteries due to their higher theoretical capacity compared to that of common intercalation materials.

Multiclassification of the symptom severity of social anxiety disorder using digital phenotypes and feature representation learning.

Objective: Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is characterized by heightened sensitivity to social interactions or settings, which disrupts daily activities and social relationships. This study aimed to explore the feasibility of utilizing digital phenotypes for predicting the severity of these symptoms and to elucidate how the main predictive digital phenotypes differed depending on the symptom severity.

Method: We collected 511 behavioral and physiological data over 7 to 13 weeks from 27 SAD and 31 healthy individuals using smartphones and smartbands, from which we extracted 76 digital phenotype features.

REXO5 promotes genomic integrity through regulating R-loop using its exonuclease activity.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), caused by BCR::ABL1 fusion gene, is known to regulate disease progression by altering the expression of genes. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these changes are largely unknown. In this study, we identified RNA Exonuclease 5 (REXO5/LOC81691) as a novel gene with elevated mRNA expression levels in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients.

Integrated assessment of the natural purification capacity of tidal flat for persistent toxic substances and heavy metals in contaminated sediments.

Natural purification of pollutants is highly recognized as regulating ecosystem services; however, the purification capacity of tidal flats remains largely unknown and/or unquantified. A 60-day mesocosm transplant experiment was conducted in situ to assess the purification capacity of natural tidal flats. We adopted the advanced sediment quality triad approach, monitoring 10 endpoints, including chemical reduction, toxicity changes, and community recoveries.

Neural substrates of marriage on self-parents processing and the association with a parents-oriented perspective shift in a collectivistic culture.

Relationship with parents is a special bond that shapes self-other representations and have an impact on adult-child's marriage, especially in the early stages of marriage. This study sought to investigate the neural mechanisms underlying self-parents processing as well as their relationship with marriage. Seventy-eight premarital Korean participants were scanned in functional MRI while evaluating traits of the self and parents.

Notes of Five Wood-Decaying Fungi from Juwangsan National Park in Korea.

Wood-decaying fungi are essential decomposers in forest ecosystems. They decompose wood substrates by producing various lignocellulolytic enzymes, which have significant industrial and medical applications. A survey was conducted at the Juwangsan National Park from 2018 to 2019 to determine the diversity of macrofungi in Korea.

Novel Species from National Parks in Korea: sp. nov.

(Sarcoscyphaceae, Pezizales) is a saprobic fungus characterized by the cup or disc-shaped blight red apothecium and oblong to ellipsoid ascospores. The 18 species of were known to occur in Europe, North America, and tropical Asia. However, up to date, only two species have been reported in Korea.

Advancing ecological validity and clinical utility in virtual reality-based continuous performance test: exploring the effects of task difficulty and environmental distractors.

Introduction: Researchers have highlighted concerns regarding the limited diagnostic utility and ecological validity of the Continuous Performance Test (CPT). Recent advancements in VR-based CPTs have attempted to address these concerns by simulating real-life scenarios and enhancing attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnosis; however, certain areas require improvement for obtaining reliable data from both healthy individuals and those with ADHD. To tackle these issues, we developed an enhanced VR-based CPT program featuring four distinct difficulty levels, advancing toward home-based assessment.