Endothelial Dysfunction and Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) substantially increases cardiovascular risk, with endothelial dysfunction as its central pathological mechanism. This review summarises the molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying endothelial dysfunction in CKD and highlights recent advances in treatment strategies. The pathophysiology of endothelial injuries involves a complex network of multiple factors and mechanisms, including oxidative stress, inflammation, glycocalyx damage, ischaemia, hypoxia, cellular senescence and endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT).

Clinical applied anatomical study between the uncinate process of the cervical spine and the vertebral artery.

Objective: Reveal the changing rule of the positional relationship between the uncinate process of cervical spine and vertebral artery by measuring the relevant parameters between the uncinate process of cervical spine and vertebral artery in different age groups.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 1240 cases of cervical spine imaging data from 2018 to 2021 in the Radiology Department of the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University. The distance between the uncinate process superior ridge and vertebral artery and the maximum of pedicle transverse angle, the minimum of pedicle transverse angle, the range of pedicle transverse angle and the pedicle width were measured according to age groups.

Cone Unit-Based Anatomical Liver Resection Guided by Preoperative Embolization and ICG Fluorescence: A Novel Surgical Strategy.

Background: The liver cone unit (Tokyo 2020 terminology) of the peripheral portal vein territory represents the smallest anatomical and functional unit of the liver. While this unit enables anatomical, subsegmental resection, particularly in patients with cirrhosis, the tumor-bearing cone unit can be challenging to identify intraoperatively. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A 58-year-old man with hepatitis C-related cirrhosis (Child-Pugh B) was diagnosed with a subcapsular hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in segment 8.

Multi-segment models for kinetic analysis of women during pregnancy: A systematic review.

Background: During pregnancy, significant physiological, morphological, and hormonal changes profoundly affect women's biomechanics, increasing the risk of falls and musculoskeletal complaints, especially in the third trimester. To understand movement adaptations and musculoskeletal disorders in pregnant women, kinetic analysis using pregnant-specific multi-segment or musculoskeletal models is essential. This review aims to evaluate the development, applications and limitations of such models intended for kinetic analysis in pregnancy.

Medical SAM-Clip Grafting for brain tumor segmentation.

Brain Tumor Segmentation (BTS) is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning, but existing CNN and Transformer-based methods often struggle with feature fusion and limited training data. While recent large-scale vision models like Segment Anything Model (SAM) and CLIP offer potential, SAM is trained on natural images, lacking medical domain knowledge, and its decoder struggles with accurate tumor segmentation. To address these challenges, we propose the Medical SAM-Clip Grafting Network (MSCG), which introduces a novel SC-grafting module.