A spatial single-cell atlas of the claustro-insular region uncovers key regulators of neuronal identity and excitability.

The claustro-insular region is an evolutionarily conserved and extensively interconnected brain area, critical for functions such as attention, cognitive flexibility, interoception, and affective processing. Despite its importance, its cellular composition and organization remain poorly characterized, hindering a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underlying its diverse functions. By combining single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics, we create a high-resolution atlas of this region in mice, uncovering distinct neuronal subtypes and unexpected complexity.

Adverse Cutaneous Reactions to Monoclonal Antibodies: Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis, Erythema Multiforme, and Fixed Drug Eruption - A Systematic Review.

Introduction: The therapeutic use of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) has significantly increased since the first mAb was introduced. Despite their therapeutic benefits, mAbs have been accompanied by a rise in adverse effects, affecting various organ systems including the skin. This systematic review consolidates the current literature on the incidence, characteristics, and management of adverse dermatological events (ADEs) post-mAb treatment, focusing on Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), erythema multiforme (EM), and fixed drug eruption (FDE).

Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis driven by disseminated infection.

is a nontuberculous mycobacteria that primarily affects immunocompromised patients. It can lead to a wide variety of clinical manifestations including infections of the skin, soft tissue and joints. Due to the significant heterogeneity in clinical presentation and difficulty isolating the organism, diagnosis can be difficult and is often delayed.

Reconstruction of thoracolumbar myelomeningocele using double keystone flap in a neonate: a Colombian pediatric case.

Myelomeningocele (MMC) is a congenital neural tube defect requiring early surgical intervention to prevent severe complications. Surgical closure can be challenging due to the possibility of complications such as partial flap loss, necrosis, wound dehiscence, and cerebrospinal fluid leakage. The Keystone Design Perforator Island Flap is a versatile option for covering large defects in complex cases such as MMC.

Top Chief Complaints and Diagnoses for Outpatient Dermatology Patients of Color.

Background: By 2044, people with skin of color (SOC) in the United States are projected to become the majority of the population, yet research and practice gaps remain regarding the dermatologic conditions most common and concerning to populations with SOC.1,2 Objective: To investigate the most common outpatient dermatologic chief complaints and diagnoses in patients with SOC.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted investigating the top chief complaints and diagnoses in children and adult patients with SOC seen at the University of Southern California outpatient dermatology clinics over 10 years, from 2009 to 2019.

Program Director Perspectives on DEI Initiatives in the Dermatology Residency Selection Process.

The American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) has maintained a commitment to diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) initiatives; however, a recent strike down of affirmative action by the US Supreme Court has caused similar efforts to be called into question. This prompted our investigation into dermatology program director (PD) perceptions of DEI programming and its integration into resident selection. A cross-sectional survey of PDs at US dermatology residency programs was conducted from April 2024 to July 2024 (N=30).

RTify: Aligning Deep Neural Networks with Human Behavioral Decisions.

Current neural network models of primate vision focus on replicating overall levels of behavioral accuracy, often neglecting perceptual decisions' rich, dynamic nature. Here, we introduce a novel computational framework to model the dynamics of human behavioral choices by learning to align the temporal dynamics of a recurrent neural network (RNN) to human reaction times (RTs). We describe an approximation that allows us to constrain the number of time steps an RNN takes to solve a task with human RTs.

Intradialytic non-invasive hemodynamic monitoring: usefulness of cardiac preload values in predicting hemodynamic instability.

Introduction: Adequate control of patient blood volume in hemodialysis (HD) is essential as a modifiable risk factor for morbidity and mortality. In this study, we propose continuous non-invasive hemodynamic monitoring using bioreactance (Starling SV.Baxter) and real-time characterization of cardiac preload data to aid in the accurate assessment of volume status and improvement of tolerance in HD.

Expanding subcutaneous mass on the scalp of an immunocompromised woman.

Acute cutaneous presentations in immunocompromised patients demand careful and thorough evaluation. Here, we present the case of a 26-year-old female with acute myeloid leukaemia undergoing salvage chemotherapy, who developed an acutely expanding subcutaneous mass starting on the frontotemporal scalp to the angle of the jaw. Histopathologic evaluation was consistent with sclerosing fat necrosis with overlying psoriasiform spongiotic dermatitis.

CGull: A Non-Flapping Bioinspired Composite Morphing Drone.

Despite the tremendous advances in aircraft design that led to successful powered flights of aircraft as heavy as the Antonov An-225 Mriya, which weighs 640 tons, or as fast as the NASA-X-43A, which reached a record of Mach 9.6, many characteristics of bird flight have yet to be utilized in aircraft designs. These characteristics enable various species of birds to fly efficiently in gusty environments and rapidly change their momentum in flight without having modern thrust vector control (TVC) systems.

A severe case of reactive infectious mucocutaneous eruption associated with two possible triggers: Coronavirus and group A streptococcus.

Reactive infectious mucocutaneous eruption (RIME) is a newly defined condition characterized by mucocutaneous blistering secondary to upper respiratory infections and encompasses Mycoplasma pneumoniae-induced rash and mucositis, broadening the disease spectrum to include various infectious etiologies. We present a severe RIME case involving a 5-year-old female with concurrent coronavirus NL63 and group A streptococcus infections. Diagnosis complexity stemmed from overlapping clinical features with other severe mucocutaneous eruptions such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis/drug-induced necrolysis.

Phase I clinical trial of the feasibility and safety of direct peritoneal resuscitation in liver transplantation.

Background: Direct peritoneal resuscitation (DPR) is associated with improved outcomes in trauma. Animal models suggest DPR has favorable effects on the liver. We sought to evaluate its safety and assess for improved outcomes in liver transplantation (LT).

Tangled Truths: Unraveling the Link Between Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia and Allergic Contact Dermatitis.

Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) is an increasingly common diagnosis, especially in middle-aged women, and has garnered growing attention in the scientific literature. This variant of lichen planopilaris (LPP) is recognized as a progressive scarring alopecia affecting the frontal and temporal regions of the scalp as well as the eyebrows and occasionally other sites. Although its precise etiology remains elusive, various factors such as genetics, medications, hormonal influences, and environmental exposures-including specific chemicals present in sunscreens-have been implicated in its pathogenesis but without evidence of causality.

Tackling Acrylate Allergy: The Sticky Truth.

Acrylates are synthetic thermoplastic resins used in numerous industries since their discovery in the mid-19th century. Known for their versatility in formulating various consumer, health care, and industrial products, acrylates also have come under scrutiny for their potential to cause allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). Allergic contact dermatitis to acrylates previously was largely occupational in nature, but the expanded use of acrylates in products ranging from nail cosmetics to medical devices has increasingly brought this allergy to the general population.