Investigating the biomechanical behaviour of tendon-loaded wrist joint using web-like kinematic network model.

The complexity of wrist anatomy and mechanics makes it challenging to develop standardized measurements and establish a normative reference database of wrist biomechanics despite being studied extensively. Moreover, heterogeneity factors in both demographic characteristics (e.g.

Understanding the biomechanics of the forearm during the dart thrower's motion.

This study investigated the contribution of different forearm muscles, namely the flexor carpi ulnaris, extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis, extensor carpi ulnaris and flexor carpi radialis, during the dart thrower's motion. Thirteen healthy participants were recruited. The forearm muscle activation patterns during the dart thrower's motion were measured using surface electromyography.

The right turn around: Penrose tourniquet application in paediatrics.

Introduction: Commercially available tourniquets are ill-suited for paediatric patients with limb circumferences smaller than the required mechanism, forcing surgeons to improvise. This study aimed to quantify pressures exerted by the Penrose tourniquet when applied on a phantom model and evaluate the intra-/inter-rater reproducibility of the technique previously proposed.

Methods: Eight calibrated pressure sensors were distributed evenly along the inner and outer circumference of a silicon-based model.

Which is the most ergonomic mop? A comparison of three domestic mopping systems.

Purpose: To assess musculoskeletal risk factors (repetitions, posture, forces) of the upper limb during domestic floor mopping tasks.

Methods: Two hundred women were surveyed to determine the most common mopping system, mopping patterns and type of flooring used in their homes. The biomechanical demands of the three most common mopping systems were then evaluated in the laboratory.

Computational Simulation of Synovial Fluid Kinematics of the Scapholunate Joint.

The interaction between wrist kinematics and synovial fluid pressure has yet to be studied. To our knowledge, this is the first study to determine the effect of scapholunate joint kinematics on synovial fluid pressure change using finite volume method. The carpal bones of a cadaveric hand were obtained from Computed Tomography (CT) scans.

An Exploratory Study Using Semi-Tabular Plate in Zone II Flexor Tendon Repair.

Background: This study evaluated the feasibility of using a low-profile titanium (Ti) plate implant, also known as the Ti-button, for Zone II flexor tendon repair. We hypothesize that the use of the Ti-button can distribute the tensile force on the digital flexor tendons to achieve better biomechanical performance.

Methods: Twenty lacerated porcine flexor tendons were randomly divided into two groups and repaired using Ti-button or 6-strand modified Lim-Tsai technique.

Normative data on functional grip strength of elderly in Singapore.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study for clinical measurement.

Introduction: Most daily tasks require individuals to exert grip strength with torque, which can be challenging for elderly as their strength diminishes with age. We postulate that to assess the functional capacity of an individual, it is important to evaluate the functional grip strength instead of the maximal static grip strength.

A Biomechanical Comparison of Different Knots Tied on Fibrewire Suture.

Background: Synthetic sutures such as Fiberwire used in flexor tendon repairs have high tensile strength. Proper application allows early mobilisation, decreasing morbidity from repair rupture and adhesions while preserving range of motion. Suture stiffness can cause poorer knot holding, contributing to gapping, peritendinous adhesions or rupture.

A method for carpal motion hysteresis quantification in 4-dimensional imaging of the wrist.

Introduction: Carpal bones motions exhibit hysteresis that is dependent on the direction of wrist motion, which can be seen during 4-dimensional (3D plus time) imaging of the wrist. In vitro studies have demonstrated the phenomenon of carpal hysteresis and have reported that hysteresis area increases with carpal instabilities. However, their techniques required implantation of bone markers and thus cannot be used clinically.

Dynamic imaging with dual-source gated Computed Tomography (CT): implications of motion parameters on image quality for wrist imaging.

Objective: Dynamic Computed Tomography (CT) promises insights into the pathophysiology of carpal instability by recording images of the carpus while it is in motion. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of motion velocity on image quality for dynamic carpal imaging applications using a clinical dual-source CT (DSCT) scanner.

Methods: A phantom with targets in the axial, coronal and sagittal planes was attached to a motion simulator and imaged using a 64-slice DSCT scanner.