Integrated hydroprocessing and microbial biotransformation of coconut oil to α,ω-diacids.

The convergence of chemical and biological technologies offers unprecedented opportunities for sustainable chemical production. Oxygenated oil-based biomass requires a chemical process to refine it into less-toxic hydrocarbons to be used for microbial biotransformation to produce value-added chemicals. This study demonstrates the transformation of hydrotreated vegetable oils, specifically coconut oil, into α,ω-diacids (DCAs), which are essential for bio-based polymer production.

Correction to "Sustainable Butyl Rubber Production from Microbial Isobutanol-Derived Isobutylene".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.4c05992.

In-vitro optimization and active-site mutagenesis of CYP105D18 peroxygenase enhance the production of indigo.

Practical implementation of efficient biocatalysts for large-scale production of indigo remains challenging. Microbial cytochrome P450s may be useful for indigo production, but this has been rarely reported. We discovered that CYP105D18 catalysed HO-mediated C-3 hydroxylation of indole to synthesize indigo.

Clinical Potential of Novel Microbial Therapeutic LP51 Based on Xerosis-Microbiome Index.

Xerosis, characterized by dry, rough skin, causes discomfort and aesthetic concerns, necessitating effective treatment. Traditional treatments often show limited efficacy, prompting the need for innovative therapies. This study highlights the efficacy of microbiome therapeutic LP51, derived from a healthy vaginal microbiome, in improving xerosis.

Production of bio-indigo from engineered Pseudomonas putida KT2440 harboring tryptophanase and flavin-containing monooxygenase.

Indigo is a unique blue dye that has been used in the textile industry for centuries and is currently mass-produced commercially through chemical synthesis. However, the use of toxic substrates and reducing agents for chemical synthesis is associated with environmental concerns, necessitating the development of eco-friendly alternatives based on microbial production. In this study, a robust industrial strategy for indigo production was developed using Pseudomonas putida KT2440 as the host strain, which is characterized by its excellent ability to degrade aromatic compounds and high resistance to environmental stress.

Loss of Cutibacterium is responsible for chronic kidney disease-associated pruritus in patients on dialysis.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD)-associated pruritus is a severe distressing condition that frequently occurs in patients undergoing dialysis. In this study, the profile of the skin microbiome was analyzed to understand the underlying etiology and potential treatments.

Methods: Seventy-six end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients (hemodialysis, 40; peritoneal dialysis, 36) and 15 healthy controls were enrolled and swabbed at three sites: back, antecubital fossa, and shin.

Clinical effect of Pediococcus acidilactici PMC48 on hyperpigmented skin.

Background: The excessive production and accumulation of melanin in the epidermal skin layer can result in skin hyperpigmentation and darkening. Current technologies for regulating melanin are based on inhibiting melanin biosynthesis. They have low effectiveness and safety issues.

Developed and emerging 1,4-butanediol commercial production strategies: forecasting the current status and future possibility.

1,4-Butanediol (1,4-BDO) is a valuable industrial chemical that is primarily produced via several energy-intensive petrochemical processes based on fossil-based raw materials, leading to issues related to: non-renewability, environmental contamination, and high production costs. 1,4-BDO is used in many chemical reactions to develop a variety of useful, valuable products, such as: polyurethane, Spandex intermediates, and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), a water-soluble polymer with numerous personal care and pharmaceutical uses. In recent years, to satisfy the growing need for 1,4-BDO, there has been a major shift in focus to sustainable bioproduction via microorganisms using: recombinant strains, metabolic engineering, synthetic biology, enzyme engineering, bioinformatics, and artificial intelligence-guided algorithms.

Postoperative inpatient exercise facilitates recovery after laparoscopic surgery in colorectal cancer patients: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Early mobilization is an integral part of an enhanced recovery program after colorectal cancer surgery. The safety and efficacy of postoperative inpatient exercise are not well known. The primary objective was to determine the efficacy of a postoperative exercise program on postsurgical recovery of stage I-III colorectal cancer patients.

The Effects of Iron Deficiency on the Gut Microbiota in Women of Childbearing Age.

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most prevalent and common nutritional deficiency worldwide and is a global health problem with significant risk, particularly among women of reproductive age. Oral iron supplementation is the most widely used and cost-effective treatment for iron deficiency and IDA. However, there are limitations regarding side effects such as enteritis, treatment compliance, and bioavailability.

Biosynthesis of aliphatic plastic monomers with amino residues in .

The α,ω-diamines (NH-(CH)-NH) and ω -amino fatty acids (NH-(CH)-COOH) have been widely used as building blocks in polymerindustries. Medium- to long-chain (C to C) fatty acid monomers with amino residues are almost exclusively produced chemical processes that generate hazardous waste and induce severe environmental problems, such as global warming and pollution. Here, we present the construction platformstrains of a cheese-ripening yeast, for direct biotransformation of hydrocarbons into medium- to long-chain α,ω-diamines and ωamino fatty acids using metabolic engineering of endogenous fatty acid ω- and β-oxidation pathways and introducing heterologous ω-transaminase in .

Characterization of Fecal Microbiomes of Osteoporotic Patients in Korea.

An imbalanced gut microbiome has been linked to a higher risk of many bone-related diseases. The objective of this study was to discover biomarkers of osteoporosis (OP). So, we collected 76 stool samples (60 human controls and 16 OP patients), extracted DNA, and performed 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) gene-based amplicon sequencing.

Constructing multi-enzymatic cascade reactions for selective production of 6-bromoindirubin from tryptophan in Escherichia coli.

6-Bromoindirubin (6BrIR), found in Murex sea snails, is a precursor of indirubin-derivatives anticancer drugs. However, its synthesis remains limited due to uncharacterized biosynthetic pathways and difficulties in site-specific bromination and oxidation at the indole ring. Here, we present an efficient 6BrIR production strategy in Escherichia coli by using four enzymes, that is, tryptophan 6-halogenase fused with flavin reductase Fre (Fre-L3-SttH), tryptophanase (TnaA), toluene 4-monooxygenase (PmT4MO), and flavin-containing monooxygenase (MaFMO).

Structure-Activity Relationship of Synthetic Ginkgolic Acid Analogs for Treating Type 2 Diabetes by PTPN9 Inhibition.

Ginkgolic acid (C13:0) (GA), isolated from Ginkgo biloba, is a potential therapeutic agent for type 2 diabetes. A series of GA analogs were designed and synthesized for the evaluation of their structure-activity relationship with respect to their antidiabetic effects. Unlike GA, the synthetic analog exhibited improved inhibitory activity against PTPN9 and significantly stimulated glucose uptake via AMPK phosphorylation in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes and C2C12 myotubes; it also induced insulin-dependent AKT activation in C2C12 myotubes in a concentration-dependent manner.

One-Step RT-qPCR for Viral RNA Detection Using Digital Analysis.

The rapid detection of viruses is becoming increasingly important to prevent widespread infections. However, virus detection reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is time-consuming, as it involves independent nucleic acid extraction and complementary DNA synthesis. This process limits the potential for rapid diagnosis and mass analysis, which are necessary to curtail viral spread.

Engineering of CYP153A33 With Enhanced Ratio of Hydroxylation to Overoxidation Activity in Whole-Cell Biotransformation of Medium-Chain 1-Alkanols.

α,ω-Dodecanediol is a versatile material that has been widely used not only as an adhesive and crosslinking reagent, but also as a building block in the pharmaceutical and polymer industries. The biosynthesis of α,ω-dodecanediol from fatty derivatives, such as dodecane and dodecanol, requires an ω-specific hydroxylation step using monooxygenase enzymes. An issue with the whole-cell biotransformation of 1-dodecanol using cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (CYP) with ω-specific hydroxylation activity was the low conversion and production of the over-oxidized product of dodecanoic acid.

Microbial synthesis of violacein pigment and its potential applications.

Violacein is a pigment synthesized by Gram-negative bacteria such as . It has garnered significant interest owing to its unique physiological and biological activities along with its synergistic effects with various antibiotics. In addition to , several microorganisms, including: sp.

The Relationship between Physical Activity Levels and Mental Health in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury in South Korea.

The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between physical activity (PA) levels and mental health in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). Three hospitals in the Seoul metropolitan area were invited to recruit patients with SCI ( = 103). PA levels were measured by the Leisure Score Index of the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire (GLTEQ).

Objectively measured physical activity during chemotherapy in colon cancer patients.

Purpose: Although adjuvant chemotherapy can have an impact on physical activity (PA), PA level has not been studied in patients with stage II-III colon cancer. This study investigated PA levels during and between chemotherapy cycles.

Methods: We objectively measured PA levels for 2 weeks during the 2nd and 11th chemotherapy cycles.

Cardiopulmonary fitness but not muscular fitness associated with visceral adipose tissue mass.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the association between physical fitness (cardiopulmonary and musculoskeletal) and the distribution of abdominal fat in overweight and obese adults.

Methods: Of the total 102 overweight and obese participants, 99 participants completed all measurements. Cardiopulmonary fitness was assessed by maximal oxygen consumption test and muscular fitness was assessed using 10 repetition max.

Functional recovery in photo-damaged human dermal fibroblasts by human adipose-derived stem cell extracellular vesicles.

Ultraviolet-B (UVB) irradiation causes imbalance between dermal matrix synthesis and degradation through aberrant upregulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which leads to overall skin photoaging. We investigated the effects of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from human adipose-derived stem cells (HASCs) on photo-damaged human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). EVs were isolated from conditioned media of HASCs with tangential flow filtration and characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), western blotting, micro RNA (miRNA) arrays, cytokine arrays and liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

A pilot randomized controlled trial of 6-week combined exercise program on fasting insulin and fitness levels in individuals with spinal cord injury.

Purpose: The aim of this randomized controlled trial study was to investigate the effect of combined exercise program on the fasting insulin and fitness levels of people with spinal cord injury (SCI).

Methods: A total of 19 individuals with SCI participated in a combined exercise program consisting of aerobic and resistance exercises for 60 min per day, 3 days per week for 6 weeks. Peak oxygen consumption, body mass index, percent body fat, waist circumference, shoulder abduction and adduction, shoulder flexion and extension, elbow flexion and extension, fasting insulin levels, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels were measured at baseline and after the intervention.

Factors associated with physical activity of breast cancer patients participating in exercise intervention.

Purpose: Physical activity has been known to improve survival and quality of life of patients with breast cancer. To find factors associated with physical activity, we analyzed the dataset of the multicenter controlled trial of exercise intervention.

Methods: Three hundred fifty-six participants were assigned to two groups: "Smart After-Care" (smartphone application and pedometer were provided) or exercise education only.