A foundation model for human-AI collaboration in medical literature mining.

Systematic literature review is essential for evidence-based medicine, requiring comprehensive analysis of clinical trial publications. However, the application of artificial intelligence (AI) models for medical literature mining has been limited by insufficient training and evaluation across broad therapeutic areas and diverse tasks. Here, we present LEADS, an AI foundation model for study search, screening, and data extraction from medical literature.

Point-of-Care Ultrasonography Detects Vanishing Air Embolism Following Central Venous Catheter Removal in a Patient With Chest Tube Drainage: A Case Report.

Air embolism from central venous access removal may be fatal, even when removed in the supine position. This case demonstrates that a high index of suspicion combined with point-of-care ultrasonography is vital for the rapid diagnosis and management of this condition.

The association between stereoscopic vision and cognitive function on community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Visual impairment is associated with cognitive dysfunction in older adults; however, a relationship between stereopsis and cognitive function remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between stereopsis and cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted with data of 1,228 participants aged 74-88 years from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study.

Video-assisted thoracoscopy with two-lung ventilation and CO insufflation in primary spontaneous pneumothorax: propensity score matching comparison.

Background: Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) is commonly treated with video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS), which traditionally requires one-lung ventilation (OLV) with double-lumen endotracheal intubation to optimize the surgical field. However, OLV may be associated with complications such as airway trauma and postoperative sore throat. In contrast, two-lung ventilation (TLV) with CO insufflation has been proposed as an alternative that may reduce airway-related complications while maintaining adequate visualization.

Practical approach to development of GS-445124-loaded PLGA nanoparticles for the long-term treatment of feline infectious peritonitis caused by feline coronavirus infection.

Feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) caused by feline coronavirus (FCoV) infection leads to a high mortality rate when untreated. GS-441524, an antiviral agent effective against FIPV, is orally administered twice daily or through daily subcutaneous injections for approximately 12 weeks. While the short treatment period recuses concerns about adherence, frequent administrations may cause handling-related stress in cats.

Novel Asymmetrical Linear Stapler: Safety Test and Pathological Assessment in a Porcine Model.

Introduction: Prognosis in patients undergoing resection for lung and gastrointestinal cancers may differ, depending on the microscopic involvement of surgical margins. Linear staplers, widely used for pulmonary or bowel resection, consist of three rows of fasteners on both sides of a resection line. Although multiple rows of fasteners ensure stump and specimen closure, specimen could compromise accurate pathological evaluation of the true surgical margin.

Intrinsic capacity transitions as predictors of frailty transitions in community-dwelling older adults: Findings from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study.

Background: Frailty is associated with reduced intrinsic capacity (IC). However, studies evaluating longitudinal transitions between IC and frailty are limited. We conducted longitudinal analyses to investigate the association between intrinsic capacity (IC) and frailty transitions among community-dwelling older adults in Korea.

Clipless internal mammary artery harvesting for minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting using the shear-tip harmonic scalpel.

Background: The internal mammary artery (IMA) is the most commonly used graft in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) because of its superior long-term patency rate. However, its small diameter poses challenges in handling, and any vascular damage that may occur during harvesting can significantly affect surgical outcomes. The primary focus during IMA harvesting is to ensure safe and effective hemostasis without direct vascular injury, while ensuring secure and reliable ligation of the vascular branches.

Music from Noise-Canceling Headphones Is Beneficial against Anxiety in Male Bladder Cancer Patients Undergoing Follow-Up Cystoscopy: A Prospective Randomized Trial.

Introduction: Bladder cancer, with a greater incidence in males than in females, requires frequent cystoscopies. We aimed to evaluate the effect of music played through noise-canceling headphones on male bladder cancer patients during follow-up cystoscopy.

Methods: A total of 160 male bladder cancer patients undergoing follow-up flexible cystoscopy were randomly divided into the noise-canceling headphones without music group and the noise-canceling headphones with music group (groups 1 and 2, respectively; n = 80 per group).

Spiritual nursing education programme for nursing students in Korea: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: This study conducts a systematic review and meta-analysis to understand the characteristics and contents of studies on spiritual nursing education programmes and their effects.

Methods: The literature search included five databases (RISS, KISS, DBpia, Science ON, and KmBase) published in South Korea until September 30, 2021. Nine studies were included in the final review, with six for the meta-analysis using the RevMan 5.

Deep learning algorithm for the automated detection and classification of nasal cavity mass in nasal endoscopic images.

Nasal endoscopy is routinely performed to distinguish the pathological types of masses. There is a lack of studies on deep learning algorithms for discriminating a wide range of endoscopic nasal cavity mass lesions. Therefore, we aimed to develop an endoscopic-examination-based deep learning model to detect and classify nasal cavity mass lesions, including nasal polyps (NPs), benign tumors, and malignant tumors.

Health and medical experience of migrant workers: qualitative meta-synthesis.

Background: Migrant workers in Korea are contributing to economic development by resolving labour shortages due to the increase in the ageing population, and they have become necessary and important in the Korean economy. However, long working hours, poor working conditions, and cultural differences can cause migrant workers to experience disadvantages in using health and medical services. Therefore, this study aimed to understand and analyse the health and medical service experience of migrant workers in Korea by reviewing previous studies in order to improve their health and access to medical services.

Treatment Outcomes of Olfactory Neuroblastoma: A Multicenter Study by the Korean Sinonasal Tumor and Skull Base Surgery Study Group.

Objectives: Due to the rarity of olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB), there is ongoing debate about optimal treatment strategies, especially for early-stage or locally advanced cases. Therefore, our study aimed to explore experiences from multiple centers to identify factors that influence the oncological outcomes of ONB.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 195 ONB patients treated at nine tertiary hospitals in South Korea between December 1992 and December 2019.

Immediate-start peritoneal dialysis without break-in-period: an 18-year retrospective cohort study on patient survival.

Background: Immediate-start peritoneal dialysis (ISPD) is an effective renal replacement therapy that can prevent central venous catheterization due to its immediate initiation of peritoneal dialysis (PD) after catheter insertion without a break-in period. This study aimed to investigate the effect of ISPD on long-term patient survival.

Methods: In this retrospective single-center cohort study, 178 consecutive patients who started PD from August 2005 to March 2023 were enrolled, from whom 144 patients with ISPD were analyzed.

Contralateral Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis Caused by Sphenoid Sinusitis: Case Report and Literature Review.

Cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST) is a rare but life-threatening infectious disease whose diagnosis and treatment are challenging. CST can result in ocular and neurologic morbidities, as well as fatal systemic complications due to systemic thrombus. Occasionally, these clinical symptoms can be a result of contralateral sinusitis.

Health-related quality of life of migrant workers: a systematic literature review.

Background: Currently, the number of migrant workers residing in Korea is continuously increasing, which is exacerbating the workforce shortage in its society. Migrant workers experience health problems or stress due to rapid environmental changes, consequently impairing their quality of life (QoL). Accordingly, this literature review aimed to prepare basic data by identifying factors related to the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of migrant workers in Korea.

A novel microcoring technology: A completely new concept of enlarged pore treatment.

Background: Enlarged facial pores are a common dermatological and cosmetic concern, which are difficult to treat because their pathogenesis is multifactorial. Many technological treatments have been developed to treat enlarged pores. Despite these efforts, enlarged pores remain problematic for many patients.

CT-based three-dimensional invasiveness analysis of adenocarcinoma presenting as pure ground-glass nodules.

Background: We invest computed tomography (CT) image differences between non-invasive adenocarcinomas (NIAs) and invasive adenocarcinomas (IAs) presenting as pure ground glass nodules (GGNs).

Methods: From 2013 to 2019, 48 pure GGNs were surgically resected in 45 patients. Of these, 40 were pathologically diagnosed as non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs).

Course Transformation to Enhance Student Learning in Undergraduate Nursing Course: From a Self-Determination Theory Perspective.

Aim: The purpose of the study was to investigate whether course transformation teaching strategies using repetitive quizzing and peer-tutor supplemental instruction help enhance students' learning experiences and learning outcomes based on self-determination theory.

Background: Undergraduate baccalaureate pharmacology and pathophysiology courses were redesigned as part of a campus-wide course transformation program to promote students' perceptions of learning and academic achievement.

Method: Students in the nursing pathopharmacology course participated in the two-time online perception survey (pretest and posttest) and knowledge-based exams.

Inflammatory Endotypes of Chronic Rhinosinusitis in the Korean Population: Distinct Expression of Type 3 Inflammation.

Purpose: Cluster analyses on inflammatory markers of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in Asians from multicenter data are lacking. This multicenter study aimed to identify the endotypes of CRS in Koreans and to evaluate the relationship between the endotypes and clinical parameters.

Methods: Nasal tissues were obtained from patients with CRS and controls who underwent surgery.

Decreased Expression of Urethral Caveolin-1, -2, and -3 in the Rat Model of Overactive Bladder: Potential Mediator of Functional Interaction of Urethra and Urinary Bladder.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of detrusor overactivity (DO) on the urethral expression of caveolin (CAV)-1, -2, and -3 of urethra in an animal model of cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced cystitis rat.

Methods: Female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the control group (n=20) and the cystitis group (n=20). Cystitis was induced by intraperitoneal injection of CYP (200 mg/kg).

Incidence of Asthma, Atopic Dermatitis, and Allergic Rhinitis in Korean Adults before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic Using Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

The prevalence of allergic diseases has been increasing globally prior to COVID-19. The pandemic resulted in changes in lifestyle and personal habits such as universal mask-wearing and social distancing. However, there is insufficient information on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the prevalence of allergic conditions such as asthma, atopic dermatitis, and allergic rhinitis.