Joint association of cognitive reserve and frailty with incident Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.

Cognitive reserve and frailty are factors associated with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). However, whether cognitive reserve and frailty interact to influence ADRD has not been explored well. We included 908 participants from the ADNI study.

Associations of early-life factors and risks of incident dementia: A cohort study of 247,841 participants.

Background: Life-course models are increasingly recognized in dementia prevention but have too often focused on mid to later life, thereby missing major opportunities for prevention much earlier. This study aimed to reveal the associations between early-life factors and incident dementia risks, and the underlying brain imaging alterations.

Methods: Eight early-life factors in the UK BioBank (UKB) were investigated.

Exploring associations between dual sensory impairment and neuropsychiatric disorders: Insights from a prospective cohort study in the UK Biobank.

Background: Evidence of dual sensory impairment (DSI) characterized by comorbid hearing impairment (HI) and visual impairment (VI) is limited in neuropsychiatric disorders. Moreover, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive.

Methods: Using data from 169,165 UK Biobank participants, we compared cognition and mental health across the no sensory impairment, HI, VI, and DSI groups and investigated the association between the number of sensory impairments and neuropsychiatric disorders in longitudinal COX analyses.

Liver Diseases and Brain Disorders: Genetic Mechanisms and Biomarker Pathways in a Prospective Cohort Study From the UK Biobank.

Population-based evidence directly linking liver diseases to brain disorders is limited, and its genetic and biochemical associations remain unclear. Our aim is to examine the links between liver diseases and brain disorders. This prospective cohort study utilized data from 492 059 participants in the UK Biobank.

Explore the Role of Frailty as a Contributor to the Association Between AT(N) Profiles and Cognition in Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: The relationship between Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related pathology and cognition was not exactly consistent.

Objective: To explore whether the association between AD pathology and cognition can be moderated by frailty.

Methods: We included 1711 participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database.

Clinical trajectories preceding incident dementia up to 15 years before diagnosis: a large prospective cohort study.

Background: Dementia has a long prodromal stage with various pathophysiological manifestations; however, the progression of pre-diagnostic changes remains unclear. We aimed to determine the evolutional trajectories of multiple-domain clinical assessments and health conditions up to 15 years before the diagnosis of dementia.

Methods: Data was extracted from the UK-Biobank, a longitudinal cohort that recruited over 500,000 participants from March 2006 to October 2010.

Clinical laboratory tests and dementia incidence: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Dementia is a major public health issue and a heavy economic burden. It is urgently necessary to understand the underlying biological processes and to identify biomarkers predicting risk of dementia in the preclinical stage for prevention and treatment.

Methods: By using the data of the 367,093 white British individuals from UK Biobank, we investigated the relationship between 56 laboratory measures and 5-year dementia incidence using logistic regression.

Exploring the links among peripheral immunity, biomarkers, cognition, and neuroimaging in Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: We analyzed relationships among peripheral immunity markers, cognition, Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related biomarkers, and neuroimaging to understand peripheral immunity involvement in AD.

Methods: Peripheral immunity markers were assessed in AD, non-AD neurodegenerative disorders, and controls, examining their connections with cognition, AD-related biomarkers, and neuroimaging using multiple regression models.

Results: The study included 1579 participants.

Multipredictor risk models for predicting individual risk of Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Early prevention of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a feasible way to delay AD onset and progression. Information on AD prediction at the individual patient level will be useful in AD prevention. In this study, we aim to develop risk models for predicting AD onset at individual level using optimal set of predictors from multiple features.

Associations of liver dysfunction with incident dementia, cognition, and brain structure: A prospective cohort study of 431 699 adults.

The relationship between liver dysfunction and dementia has been researched extensively but remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigate the longitudinal and cross-sectional associations between liver function and liver diseases and risk of incident dementia, impaired cognition, and brain structure abnormalities using Cox proportion hazard model and linear regression model. 431 699 participants with a mean of 8.

Inflammation and Brain Structure in Alzheimer's Disease and Other Neurodegenerative Disorders: a Mendelian Randomization Study.

Previous in vitro and post-mortem studies have reported the role of inflammation in neurodegenerative disorders. However, the association between inflammation and brain structure in vivo and the transcriptome-driven functional basis with relevance to neurodegenerative disorders remains elusive. The aim of the present study is to identify the association among inflammation, brain structure, and neurodegenerative disorders at genetic and transcriptomic levels.

Development of machine learning-based models to predict 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Previous prediction algorithms for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) were established using risk factors retrieved largely based on empirical clinical knowledge. This study sought to identify predictors among a comprehensive variable space, and then employ machine learning (ML) algorithms to develop a novel CVD risk prediction model.

Methods: From a longitudinal population-based cohort of UK Biobank, this study included 473 611 CVD-free participants aged between 37 and 73 years old.

Associations of blood cell indices and anemia with risk of incident dementia: A prospective cohort study of 313,448 participants.

Introduction: Low hemoglobin and anemia are associated with cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the associations of other blood cell indices with incident dementia risk and the underlined mechanisms are unknown.

Methods: Three hundred thirteen thousand four hundred forty-eight participants from the UK Biobank were included.

Circulating polyunsaturated fatty acids, fish oil supplementation, and risk of incident dementia: a prospective cohort study of 440,750 participants.

Cohort studies report inconsistent associations between omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) or fish oil and dementia risk. Furthermore, evidence relating omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-6 PUFA) with dementia is scarce. Here, we included 440,750 dementia-free participants from UK Biobank to comprehensively investigate the associations between plasma levels of different types of PUFA, fish oil supplementation, and dementia risk.

Systematic assessment of plasma biomarkers in spinocerebellar ataxia.

Background And Objectives: Plasma neurofilament light (NfL), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), phosphorylated-tau (p-tau), and β-amyloid (Aβ) have emerged as promising markers in several neurodegenerative disorders, but whether they can be used as biomarkers in spinocerebellar ataxias (SCA) is yet to be determined. This study aimed to identify sensitive plasma markers for SCA and investigate their effectiveness in tracking ataxia severity, cognition, non-motor symptoms, and brain atrophy.

Methods: This observational study recruited consecutive participants from Huashan Hospital and the CABLE study from November 2019.

Genome-wide Survival Study Identifies PARL as a Novel Locus for Clinical Progression and Neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: Variability exists in the trajectories of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We aimed to identify genetic modulators of clinical progression in AD.

Methods: We conducted the first genome-wide survival study on AD using a two-stage approach.

Differences between ante mortem Alzheimer's disease biomarkers in predicting neuropathology at autopsy.

Introduction: This study aimed to assess whether biomarkers related to amyloid, tau, and neurodegeneration can accurately predict Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathology at autopsy in early and late clinical stages.

Methods: We included 100 participants who had ante mortem biomarker measurements and underwent post mortem neuropathological examination. Based on ante mortem clinical diagnosis, participants were divided into non-dementia and dementia, as early or late clinical stages.

Contribution of Alzheimer's disease pathology to biological and clinical progression: A longitudinal study across two cohorts.

Introduction: Amyloid beta (Aβ) deposition, tau accumulation, and brain atrophy occurr in sequence, but the contribution of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology to biological and clinical progression remains unclear.

Methods: We included 290 and 70 participants with longitudinal assessment on Aβ-positron emission tomography (PET), tau-PET, magnetic resonance imaging, and cognitive function from the Harvard Aging Brain Study (HABS) and Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) datasets, respectively. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to determine the contribution of AD pathology to the biological and clinical longitudinal changes.

sTREM2 and GFAP Mediated the Association of IGF-1 Signaling Biomarkers with Alzheimer's Disease Pathology.

Defects in insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) signaling is a key contributor to Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the mechanism of how IGF-1 signaling relates to AD remained unclear. Here, we investigated the association of IGF-1 signaling associated biomarkers with AD pathology, sTREM2, and GFAP.

Plasma Biomarkers and Positron Emission Tomography Tau Pathology in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy.

Background: Development of disease-modifying therapeutic trials of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) urges the need for sensitive fluid biomarkers.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to explore the utility of plasma biomarkers in the diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and assessment of disease severity, brain atrophy, and tau deposition in PSP.

Methods: Plasma biomarkers were measured using a single-molecule array in a cohort composed of patients with PSP, Parkinson's disease (PD), multiple system atrophy with predominant parkinsonism (MSA-P), and healthy controls (HCs).

The dynamics of plasma biomarkers across the Alzheimer's continuum.

Background: Failures in drug trials strengthen the necessity to further determine the neuropathological events during the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We sought to investigate the dynamic changes and performance of plasma biomarkers across the entire Alzheimer's continuum in the Chinese population.

Methods: Plasma amyloid-β (Αβ)42, Aβ40, Aβ42/Aβ40, phosphorylated tau (p-tau)181, neurofilament light (NfL), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were measured utilizing the ultrasensitive single-molecule array technology across the AD continuum (n=206), wherein Aβ status was defined by the values of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aβ42 or Aβ positron emission tomography (PET).

Interleukin-3 is associated with sTREM2 and mediates the correlation between amyloid-β and tau pathology in Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Dysfunction of glial cell communication is involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis, and the recent study reported that astrocytic secreted interleukin-3 (IL-3) participated in astrocyte-microglia crosstalk and restricted AD pathology in mice, but the effect of IL-3 on the pathological progression of AD in human is still unclear.

Methods: A total of 311 participants with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) IL-3, soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (sTREM2), and AD biomarkers were included from the Alzheimer's disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). We assessed the associations of IL-3 with sTREM2 and AD biomarkers at baseline, and with cognitive change in longitudinal study.

Modified dementia risk score as a tool for the prediction of dementia: a prospective cohort study of 239745 participants.

Based on risk profiles, several approaches for predicting dementia risk have been developed. Predicting the risk of dementia with accuracy is a significant clinical challenge. The goal was to create a modified dementia risk score (MDRS) based on a big sample size.