Trigeminal microvascular decompression for medically refractory Short-lasting Unilateral Neuralgiform Headache Attacks: a single-centre retrospective analysis.

Objective: This analysis aims to evaluate the sustained effectiveness of trigeminal microvascular decompression (MVD) in patients with medically refractory Short-lasting Unilateral Neuralgiform Headache Attacks (SUNHA) who demonstrate trigeminal neurovascular conflict (NVC) ipsilateral to the painful side.

Methods: This is a retrospective single-centre analysis of prospectively collected data conducted between September 2012 and March 2025 to investigate the efficacy and safety of trigeminal MVD in consecutive refractory chronic SUNHA patients suitable for surgery. All patients underwent a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with specific trigeminal sequences before surgery.

Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality in Spine Surgery: A Comprehensive Review.

Augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) are powerful technologies with proven utility and tremendous potential. Spine surgery, in particular, may benefit from these developing technologies for resident training, preoperative education for patients, surgical planning and execution, and patient rehabilitation. In this review, the history, current applications, challenges, and future of AR/VR in spine surgery are examined.

Neuromodulation Techniques in Children with Super-Refractory Status Epilepticus.

Status epilepticus (SE) is a life-threatening condition and medical emergency which can have lifelong consequences, including neuronal death and alteration of neuronal networks, resulting in long-term neurologic and cognitive deficits in children. When standard pharmacological treatment for SE is not successful in controlling seizures, the condition evolves to refractory SE (rSE) and finally to super-refractory SE (srSE) if it exceeds 24 h despite using anaesthetics. In this systematic review, we present literature data on the potential uses of clinical neuromodulation techniques for the management of srSE in children, including electroconvulsive therapy, vagus nerve stimulation, and deep brain stimulation.

Fully Endoscopic Microvascular Decompression for Trigeminal Neuralgia: Technical Note Describing a Single-Center Experience.

Background: Microscopic microvascular decompression (MVD) of the trigeminal nerve is the gold standard surgical treatment for medically refractory classical trigeminal neuralgia. Endoscopy has significantly advanced surgery and provides enhanced visualization of the cerebellopontine angle and its critical neurovascular structures. We present our initial experience of fully endoscopic microvascular decompression (e-MVD).

Neuromodulation in Super-refractory Status Epilepticus.

Status epilepticus (SE) is a severe condition that needs immediate pharmacological treatment to tackle brain damage and related side effects. In approximately 20% of cases, the standard treatment for SE does not control seizures, and the condition evolves to refractory SE. If refractory status epilepticus lasts more than 24 hours despite the use of anesthetic treatment, the condition is redefined as super-refractory SE (srSE).