Diagnostic symptoms, treatment patterns, and healthcare resource utilization in multiple system atrophy in the United States.

Background: Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with diverse symptoms that complicate diagnosis. We aimed to characterize MSA-related symptoms, medications, and healthcare resource utilization (HCRU).

Research Design And Methods: This retrospective cohort study used a large US claims database.

Healthcare resource utilization in patients with pulmonary hypertension associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (PH-COPD): a real-world data analysis.

Rationale: There is a lack of real-world characterization of healthcare costs and associated cost drivers in patients with pulmonary hypertension secondary to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (PH-COPD).

Objectives: To examine (1) excess healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and associated costs in patients with PH-COPD compared to COPD patients without PH; and (2) patient characteristics that are associated with higher healthcare costs in patients with PH-COPD.

Methods: This study analyzed data from the IQVIA PharMetrics Plus database (OCT2014-MAY2020).

Lipid-Lowering Therapy Utilization and Dosage Among Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome Events: A Retrospective Cohort from 12 Community Hospitals.

Introduction: Clinical practice guidelines recommend initiating a high-intensity LLT and continued monitoring of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) following acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We used real-world data to describe LLT utilization after discharge and 1-year adherence. The reduction in LDL-C was also evaluated.

LeMAPK4 participated in cold-induced ethylene production in tomato fruit.

Background: Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK, EC 2.7.11.