PeerTECH: a randomized controlled trial of a peer-led mobile health intervention to improve medical and psychiatric self-management for persons with serious mental illness.

Background: Certified peer support specialists (CPSs) can empower individuals with serious mental illness (SMI) to engage with mobile health interventions designed to improve medical and psychiatric self-management. This study pilot-tested PeerTECH, a digital, 12-session intervention adapted from Integrated Illness Management and Recovery and delivered by CPSs, to assess its feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness in enhancing self-management among individuals with SMI compared to peer support as usual (PSAU).

Methods: A two-arm pilot randomized controlled trial was conducted with individuals diagnosed with SMI and at least one medical comorbidity.

A dismantling study of comprehensive cognitive remediation for improving employment outcomes: what is the role of computer cognitive training?

Background: Comprehensive cognitive remediation improves cognitive and functional outcomes in people with serious mental illness, but the specific components required for effective programs are uncertain. The most common methods to improve cognition are facilitated computerized cognitive training with coaching and teaching cognitive self-management strategies. We compared these methods by dismantling the Thinking Skills for Work program, a comprehensive, validated cognitive remediation program that incorporates both strategies.

Carcinogen reduction in a randomized controlled study comparing e-cigarette provision to assessment only among people with serious mental illness who smoke.

Introduction: Smoking rates among people with serious mental illness (SMI) are higher and quit rates are lower than in the general population. These individuals have higher levels of carcinogens in their bodies, contributing to greater prevalence of chronic disease and early mortality, necessitating implementation of novel harm reduction strategies, including switching to electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS). We conducted an RCT of ENDS provision versus assessment only in people with SMI who smoke to assess cancer risk reduction.

Electrostatic spinning silver oxide/silver -loaded coconut fiber and tannic acid modified polylactic acid packaging film for fresh beef preservation.

Due to its rich nutritional content, beef is highly susceptible to bacterial contamination and lipid oxidation, which can lead to spoilage. Therefore, it is essential to incorporate antibacterial and antioxidant agents into food packaging films. In this study, micro- and nano-coconut fibers (BW-C) were obtained with wall-breaking ultrasonic technology.

Preliminary Effectiveness of Family Therapy for Perinatal Depressive Symptoms: Results From a Pilot Randomized Trial.

A significant portion of mothers (pregnant and postpartum) enrolled in U.S. home visiting programs report clinically significant depressive symptoms.

Adherence to a digital therapeutic mediates the relationship between momentary self-regulation and health risk behaviors.

Introduction: Smoking, obesity, and insufficient physical activity are modifiable health risk behaviors. Self-regulation is one fundamental behavior change mechanism often incorporated within digital therapeutics as it varies momentarily across time and contexts and may play a causal role in improving these health behaviors. However, the role of momentary self-regulation in achieving behavior change has been infrequently examined.

Microglia programmed cell death in neurodegenerative diseases and CNS injury.

Programmed cell death (PCD) has emerged as a critical regulatory mechanism in the initiation and progression of various pathological conditions. PCD in microglia, including necroptosis, pyroptosis, apoptosis, ferroptosis, and autophagy, occurs in a variety of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Dysregulation of microglia can lead to excessive tissue damage or neuronal death in CNS injury.

Momentary mindfulness versus distraction coping messages to reduce cannabis craving among young adults: A microrandomized trial.

Objective: Rates of problematic cannabis use among young adults are high and increasing. Craving for cannabis varies throughout the day and is an important risk factor for cannabis use, yet no studies to date have tested interventions offered at the moment craving is experienced in the natural environment.

Method: This study used an efficient and innovative microrandomized trial design to test two distinct types of coping messages (mindfulness strategy vs.

Tailored vs. General COVID-19 prevention for adults with mental disabilities residing in group homes: a randomized controlled effectiveness-implementation trial.

Background: People with serious mental illness (SMI) and people with intellectual disabilities/developmental disabilities (ID/DD) are at higher risk for COVID-19 and more severe outcomes. We compare a tailored versus general best practice COVID-19 prevention program in group homes (GHs) for people with SMI or ID/DD in Massachusetts (MA).

Methods: A hybrid effectiveness-implementation cluster randomized control trial compared a four-component implementation strategy (Tailored Best Practices: TBP) to dissemination of standard prevention guidelines (General Best-Practices: GBP) in GHs across six MA behavioral health agencies.

Randomized Laboratory Study of Single-Dose Cannabis, Dronabinol, and Placebo in Patients With Schizophrenia and Cannabis Use Disorder.

Background And Hypothesis: Up to 43% of people with schizophrenia have a lifetime cannabis use disorder (CUD). Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) has been shown to exacerbate psychosis in a dose-dependent manner, but little research has assessed its effects on schizophrenia and co-occurring CUD (SCZ-CUD). In this double-dummy, placebo-controlled trial (total n = 130), we hypothesized that a modest dose of THC would worsen cognitive function but not psychosis.

Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 is Essential for Low-Normobaric Oxygen Treatment-Mediated Blood-Brain Barrier Protection Following Ischemic Stroke.

Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury increases blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, leading to hemorrhagic transformation and brain edema. Normobaric oxygen (NBO) is a routine clinical treatment strategy for this condition. However, its neuroprotective effects remain controversial.

Proton and Redox Couple Synergized Strategy for Aqueous Low Voltage-Driven WO Electrochromic Devices.

Aqueous electrolytes possess non-combustible and eco-friendly features compared to organic electrolytes, leading them to be more suitable for application in smart windows for daily use. However, limited by the narrow electrochemical window of water (1.23 V), its use in conventional electrochromic devices (ECDs) would result in irreversible performance loss, which arises from decomposition caused by high voltage.

Healthy choices, healthy changes: A randomized trial of incentives to promote healthy eating and exercise in people with schizophrenia and other serious mental illnesses.

Introduction: People with schizophrenia and other serious mental illnesses (SMI) represent a concerning health disparity population, with 10-30 fewer years of life compared to the general population, mainly from high rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Preventing CVD is possible with exercise and diet interventions, but only 50 % of participants in clinical trials achieve reduction in CVD risk. This study assessed whether cash incentives improved weight loss, cardiovascular endurance, and/or mortality risk when added to one of four healthy lifestyle programs (gym membership, Weight Watchers membership, the InSHAPE program, InSHAPE + Weight Watchers).

Best practices to reduce COVID-19 in group homes for individuals with serious mental illness and intellectual and developmental disabilities: Protocol for a hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation cluster randomized trial.

Background: People with serious mental illness (SMI) and intellectual disabilities and/or developmental disabilities (ID/DD) living in group homes (GHs) and residential staff are at higher risk for COVID-19 infection, hospitalization, and death compared with the general population.

Methods: We describe a hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation cluster randomized trial to assess evidence-based infection prevention practices to prevent COVID-19 for residents with SMI or ID/DD and the staff in GHs. The trial will use a cluster randomized design in 400 state-funded GHs in Massachusetts for adults with SMI or ID/DD to compare effectiveness and implementation of "Tailored Best Practices" (TBP) consisting of evidence-based COVID-19 infection prevention practices adapted for residents with SMI and ID/DD and GH staff; to "General Best Practices" (GBP), consisting of required standard of care reflecting state and federal standard general guidelines for COVID-19 prevention in GHs.

NiH-Catalyzed Proximal-Selective Hydroamination of Unactivated Alkenes with Anthranils.

The regioselective hydroamination of unactivated alkenes is a long-standing challenge in organic synthesis. Herein, we report a NiH-catalyzed proximal-selective hydroamination of unactivated alkenes with 8-aminoquinoline (AQ) as a bidentate auxiliary and anthranils as aminating reagents. A wide range of primary aryl amines bearing an -carbonyl group were installed in both terminal and internal unactivated alkenes, delivering a variety of valuable β- and γ-amino acid building blocks, respectively, with excellent regiocontrol.

Relative Effectiveness of Social Media, Dating Apps, and Information Search Sites in Promoting HIV Self-testing: Observational Cohort Study.

Background: Social media sites, dating apps, and information search sites have been used to reach individuals at high risk for HIV infection. However, it is not clear which platform is the most efficient in promoting home HIV self-testing, given that the users of various platforms may have different characteristics that impact their readiness for HIV testing.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the relative effectiveness of social media sites, dating apps, and information search sites in promoting HIV self-testing among minority men who have sex with men (MSM) at an increased risk of HIV infection.

Cognitive Enhancement Therapy vs social skills training in schizophrenia: a cluster randomized comparative effectiveness evaluation.

Background: Schizophrenia and related disorders are highly disabling and create substantial burdens for families, communities, and health care systems. Although pharmacological treatments can often lessen the psychotic symptoms that are a hallmark of schizophrenia, they do not lessen the social and cognitive deficits that create the greatest impediments to community engagement and functional recovery. This study builds on prior research on psychosocial rehabilitation by comparing the effectiveness of two treatments demonstrated as efficacious in improving social and community functioning, Cognitive Enhancement Therapy (CET) and a version of Social Skills Training (HOPES/SST).

Virtual Learning Collaborative Compared to Technical Assistance as a Strategy for Implementing Health Promotion in Routine Mental Health Settings: A Hybrid Type 3 Cluster Randomized Trial.

Background: Despite widespread use of learning collaboratives, few randomized trials have evaluated their effectiveness as a strategy for implementing evidence based practices. This randomized trial evaluated the effectiveness of a virtual learning collaborative (VLC) in the implementation of a health promotion program for persons with serious mental illness (SMI) aimed at reducing cardiovascular risk reduction in routine mental health settings, compared to routine technical assistance (TA).

Methods: Fifty-five mental health provider organizations were recruited to participate in a Hybrid Type 3 cluster randomized implementation-effectiveness trial of the InSHAPE health promotion program for persons with SMI.

Momentary Self-regulation: Scale Development and Preliminary Validation.

Background: Self-regulation refers to a person's ability to manage their cognitive, emotional, and behavioral processes to achieve long-term goals. Most prior research has examined self-regulation at the individual level; however, individual-level assessments do not allow the examination of dynamic patterns of intraindividual variability in self-regulation and thus cannot aid in understanding potential malleable processes of self-regulation that may occur in response to the daily environment.

Objective: This study aims to develop a brief, psychometrically sound momentary self-regulation scale that can be practically administered through participants' mobile devices at a momentary level.

Momentary Influences on Self-Regulation in Two Populations With Health Risk Behaviors: Adults Who Smoke and Adults Who Are Overweight and Have Binge-Eating Disorder.

Introduction: Self-regulation has been implicated in health risk behaviors and is a target of many health behavior interventions. Despite most prior research focusing on self-regulation as an individual-level trait, we hypothesize that self-regulation is a time-varying mechanism of health and risk behavior that may be influenced by momentary contexts to a substantial degree. Because most health behaviors (e.

E-Cigarette Provision to Promote Switching in Cigarette Smokers With Serious Mental Illness-A Randomized Trial.

Background: High cigarette smoking prevalence and low quit rates in people with serious mental illness (SMI) contribute to disparate rates of chronic disease and premature death. This prospective trial tested the impact of switching to a potentially lower-harm nicotine-containing product on smoking in this population.

Aims And Methods: A total of 240 cigarette smokers with SMI who tried but were currently unwilling to quit were randomly assigned to receive disposable e-cigarettes for 8 weeks or not, with assessments at baseline, 2, 4, 6, 8, 13, and 26 weeks.

Factors associated with weight gain prevention in young adults with serious mental illness.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to examine factors associated with weight gain prevention among young adults with serious mental illness who participated in the Fit Forward randomized controlled trial evaluating lifestyle interventions adapted for this high-risk group. The aims were to: (1) examine baseline differences between participants that gained weight and those that lost or maintained weight at six and 12 months, and (2) evaluate whether changes in weight control strategies were associated with weight gain prevention at 6 and 12 months.

Methods: This study was a secondary analysis of the Fit Forward Study.