Rutin Enhances Intestinal Barrier Function and Protects Against X-Ray Radiation-Induced Barrier Dysfunction in Human Epithelial Caco-2 Cells.

The small intestinal epithelium plays a critical role in nutrient absorption but is highly sensitive to radiation-induced injury. Despite this vulnerability, therapeutic strategies to prevent or restore radiation-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction remain limited. Polyphenols are known to protect the intestinal barrier by mitigating and repairing damage.

Subgroup-Specific Osteoporosis Risk in Chronic Kidney Disease: Insights from a Nationwide Korean Cohort.

: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and osteoporosis are critical public health concerns, particularly among older adults, due to their prevalence and associated complications. While CKD-related disruptions in bone mineral metabolism are believed to increase osteoporosis risk, this relationship remains unclear in diverse populations such as Korea. : This longitudinal cohort study utilized data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service Health Screening Cohort (2002-2019), including 13,622 patients with newly diagnosed CKD and 54,488 matched controls.

The influence of pneumococcal positivity on clinical outcomes among patients hospitalized with COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Bacterial co-infection has been associated with adverse outcomes in patients with COVID-19. Streptococcus pneumoniae is a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia and may contribute to poor clinical outcomes when co-detected in COVID-19 patients. This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of pneumococcal positivity in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

Colorectal Cancer Risk in Korean Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Nationwide Big Data Study of Subtype and Socioeconomic Disparities.

: The two major subtypes of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC)-are known to increase the likelihood of developing colorectal cancer (CRC). While this relationship has been well studied in Western populations, evidence from East Asia remains limited and inconsistent. Using nationwide cohort data, this study explored the potential connection between IBD and CRC in a large Korean population.

Anticancer effects of purple carrot extract via induction of apoptotic genes on human breast cancer cells.

This study investigated the anticancer effects of purple carrot extract (PCE) and its key bioactive substance, chlorogenic acid (CHA), on MDA-MB-231 cells and elucidated the mechanisms of apoptosis and anticancer activity. The effects of CHA treatment on the growth of HEK-293 and MDA-MB-231 cells were assessed, and CHA selectively inhibited the growth of MDA-MB-231, indicating specific inhibitory effect on breast cancer. When PCE and CHA were treated to MDA-MB-231 cells, an increase in in the expression of apoptosis-related genes and proteins, including -associated x (), and , while the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 () decreased ( < 0.

Effects of patient safety education programs on nursing students' knowledge, attitude, and competency with patient safety: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression.

Aims: Patient safety is a global concern, and nurses, as the largest group of healthcare professionals, play a critical role in ensuring patient safety. This study aimed to systematically review and analyze the effects of patient safety education programs on nursing students' knowledge, attitudes, and competencies by synthesizing existing research and identifying key factors contributing to program effectiveness.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Ensemble Learning Approaches for Automatic Detection of Chronic Kidney Disease Stages during Sleep.

This study investigates the use of ensemble learning methods for the automatic detection of chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages during sleep. We applied and evaluated four ensemble learning approaches-CatBoost, random forest, XGBoost, and LightGBM-to analyze polysomnography (PSG) data from 730 participants of the Cleveland Family Study (539 control subjects and 191 CKD patients). Our analysis involved extracting 1,210 phenotypic parameters from the PSG data, which enabled the classification of CKD into four stages: mild (stages 1 and 2), moderate (stage 3), severe (stage 4), and critical (stage 5).

Better Chemotherapeutic Response of Small Cell Lung Cancer in Never Smokers than in Smokers.

Background: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is called 'smoker's disease' because it is strongly associated with smoking and most cases occur in smokers. However, it can also occur in never smokers. We investigated the clinical features of never smokers with SCLC and compared their treatment outcomes with those of smokers with SCLC.

Enhancement of skin regeneration through activation of signaling pathway by meyer non-edible callus-derived extracellular vesicles.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the effects of ginseng non-edible callus-derived extracellular vesicle (GNEV) on skin regeneration, particularly focusing on its impact on proliferation and migration in human dermal fibroblast (HDF).

Methods: GNEV was isolated from ginseng non-edible callus using sequential filtration and size exclusion chromatography (SEC). The extracellular vesicle was characterized using nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA).

Association Between Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Periodontitis: A Longitudinal Follow-Up Study from the Korean National Health Screening Cohort.

Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and periodontitis are common conditions in older adults that can lead to serious complications, gaining public health attention. Although GERD and periodontitis share common risk factors, such as age, lifestyle habits, and socioeconomic status, large-scale studies examining their specific relationship are limited.

Methods: This study aimed to assess the association between GERD and the likelihood of developing periodontitis using a national validated cohort data from Korea.

The clinical characteristics associated with the ratio between the main pulmonary artery and ascending aorta diameter in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: A pulmonary artery-to-aorta (PA/A) ratio of ≥1 is a reliable indicator of pulmonary hypertension and is associated with an increased risk of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and long-term mortality in patients with stable COPD. However, it is unclear whether a PA/A ratio of ≥1 is associated with mortality in patients hospitalized with acute exacerbation of COPD. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical course and mortality of patients with PA/A ratios of ≥1 who were hospitalized with acute exacerbation of COPD.

Secondary Breast Burkitt Lymphoma Involving the Stomach, Ovary, Pancreas, and Bones: A Case Report.

Breast lymphomas are rare, malignant breast neoplasms with a heterogeneous pattern of clinical symptoms. Burkitt's lymphoma is a rare, highly aggressive, and rapidly growing B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. We report about a 27-year-old woman diagnosed as having secondary breast Burkitt's lymphoma, probably originating from the stomach, with multiple distant metastases.

Effects of virtual reality training on clinical skill performance in nursing students: A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression.

Aims: This review examined the impact of virtual reality (VR) training on nursing students' clinical skill performance and identified essential features of VR training.

Background: VR provides immersive content, simulating real-life scenarios and preventing errors in clinical settings.

Design: This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines.

One-year mortality and readmission risks following hospitalization for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease based on the types of acute respiratory failure: An observational study.

Few studies have examined the risk factors associated with the type of acute respiratory failure (ARF) in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study evaluated the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients hospitalized for acute exacerbation of COPD based on the type of ARF. The medical charts of hospitalized patients with acute exacerbation of COPD between 2016 and 2021 were retrospectively reviewed.

Effect of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutation on Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in Lung Cancer.

Background/aim: This study analyzed the effect of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations on fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F-18 FDG PET/CT) results in lung cancer and the pathological findings in patients subjected to surgery.

Patients And Methods: A total of 210 patients diagnosed with lung cancer by F-18 FDG PET/CT at Inje University Busan Paik Hospital between January 2018 and December 2023 were recruited. EGFR mutation tests were performed on biopsy specimens.

The Association of Chronic Periodontitis as a Potential Risk Factor with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Nested Case-Control Study Using a Korean National Health Screening Cohort.

Growing research has proposed that rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and chronic periodontitis (CP) share similar pathophysiological mechanisms involving inflammation and tissue destruction. However, the potential correlation of CP as a contributing factor for the occurrence of RA warrants validation in the Korean population, where both diseases are prevalent, especially considering the increasingly aging demographic in Korea. This study examined 5139 RA cases and 509,727 matched controls from a Korean national cohort dataset (2002-2019) by carefully employing propensity score matching to ensure comparability between groups.

Investigating the Connection between Chronic Periodontitis and Parkinson's Disease: Findings from a Korean National Cohort Study.

Recent research suggests a potential relevance between chronic periodontitis (CP) and Parkinson's disease (PD), raising concerns about comorbid PD among elderly CP patients. However, the epidemiologic basis for this association remains unclear. Employing a nested case-control design, this study explored the association between CP and subsequent PD occurrences in Korean adults, leveraging a validated national population-based dataset covering the period from 2002 to 2019.

Development and Validation of the Mental Health Scale for Maltreated Children.

Objective: This study aimed to develop and validate a comprehensive self-report questionnaire to assess emotional and behavioral problems and psychological trauma in maltreated children.

Methods: The Mental Health Scale for Maltreated Children (MHS-MC) was constructed to encompass five major symptoms (depression, anxiety, inattention/hyperactivity/impulsivity, aggression/defiance, and psychological trauma) prevalent in maltreated children. Critical items and ego-resilience subscale were also devised to increase clinical utility.

SleepMI: An AI-based screening algorithm for myocardial infarction using nocturnal electrocardiography.

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a common cardiovascular disease, the early diagnosis of which is essential for effective treatment and reduced mortality. Therefore, novel methods are required for automatic screening or early diagnosis of MI, and many studies have proposed diverse conventional methods for its detection. In this study, we aimed to develop a sleep-myocardial infarction (sleepMI) algorithm for automatic screening of MI based on nocturnal electrocardiography (ECG) findings from diagnostic polysomnography (PSG) data using artificial intelligence (AI) models.

Mitigation effect of hesperidin on X-ray radiation-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction in Caco-2 cell monolayers.

The tight junctions (TJs) and barrier function of the intestinal epithelium are highly sensitive to radiation. However, polyphenols can be used to reverse the effects of radiation. Here, we investigated the effects of hesperidin (hesperetin-7-rhamnoglucoside) on X-ray-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction in human epithelial Caco-2 monolayers.

Potential Molecular Markers Related to Lymph Node Metastasis and Stalk Resection Margins in Pedunculated T1 Colorectal Cancers Using Digital Spatial Profiling: A Pilot Study with a Small Case Series.

There is a debate regarding the prediction of lymph node metastasis (LNM) in pedunculated T1 colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study with four cases of pedunculated T1 CRCs, we aimed to investigate gene expression variations based on the distance from the Haggitt line (HL) and identify potential molecular risk factors for LNM. By leveraging the Cancer Transcriptome Atlas and digital spatial profiling technology, we meticulously analyzed discrete regions, including the head, HL, proximal stalk region (300-1000 μm from HL), and distal stalk region (1500-2000 μm from HL) to identify spatially sequential molecular changes.

Unlocking the Protective Potential of Upper Respiratory Infection Treatment Histories against Alzheimer's Disease: A Korean Adult Population Study.

With increasing interest in the inflammation-pathogen infection hypothesis and its potential links to Alzheimer's disease (AD) development, there is growing consideration of using upper respiratory infection (URI) treatments as interventions for AD. This nested case-control study explored the potential association between prior URI histories and AD development in a Korean adult population using the national health screening cohort data (2002-2019). The study included 26,920 AD patients and 107,680 matched control individuals, focusing on those seeking respiratory treatment.

Gout and Migraines: Exploring the Complex Link in a 16-Year Longitudinal Study of the Korean Population.

Despite the growing prevalence of gout and its associated health concerns as a chronic disorder, population-based studies on its link to migraines are scarce. We conducted a 16-year longitudinal study in a Korean population to investigate the relationship between gout and migraines, including different subtypes. We enrolled 23,137 patients with gout and matched them with 92,548 controls based on age, sex, income, and residence.

Blood Concentrations of Lead, Cadmium, and Mercury Are Associated With Alcohol-Related Liver Disease.

Background: An association between environmental pollutants and alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) has not been determined until now. The objectives of this study were to examine the association of the pollutants with ALD, and whether the pollutants together increased the risk of ALD.

Methods: Data were extracted from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010-2013 and 2016-2017; n = 11,993).

Dysregulated microRNA Expression Relevant to Promoter Mutations in Tonsil Cancer-A Pilot Study.

Tonsillar squamous cell carcinomas (TSCCs) exhibit high rates of human papillomavirus (HPV) positivity. The expression profiles of microRNA (miRNA), which are small RNA molecules that play pivotal roles in biological processes, in TSCC in relation to the HPV status and cancer-related genetic mutations are not well investigated. Herein, we expanded our previous research, which was focused on established clinicopathological and genetic mutational data, to profile miRNA expression in TSCC, aiming to identify clinically relevant targets for early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention.