Updates on the Regulatory Framework of Edited Organisms in Brazil: A Molecular Revolution in Brazilian Agribusiness.

Genome editing technologies have revolutionized the production of microorganisms, plants, and animals with phenotypes of interest to agriculture. Editing previously sequenced genomes allows for the punctual, discreet, precise, and accurate alteration of DNA for genetic analysis, genotyping, and phenotyping, as well as the production of edited organisms for academic and industrial purposes, among many other objectives. In this context, genome editing technologies have been causing a revolution in Brazilian agriculture.

Less Is () More: Laparoscopic Peritoneal Lavage and Drainage for Diverticulitis.

Laparoscopic lavage and drainage (LLD) emerged as an alternative to Hartmann's procedure (HP) for patients with diverticulitis and uncontained perforation. Although initially popular as a less invasive approach, its use in modern practice is in question. This summary will review the available literature to show techniques, outcomes, and indications.

Contemporary Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Lobectomy for Early-Stage Lung Cancer.

The treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has evolved tremendously in recent decades as innovations in medical therapies advanced concomitantly with minimally invasive surgical techniques. Despite early skepticism regarding its benefits, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) techniques for the surgical resection of early-stage NSCLC have now become the standard of care. After being the subject of many studies since its inception, VATS has been shown to cause less postoperative pain, have shorter recovery time, and have fewer overall complications when compared to conventional open approaches.

Machine Learning-Based Tomato Fruit Shape Classification System.

Fruit shape significantly impacts the quality and commercial value of tomatoes ( L.). Precise grading is essential to elucidate the genetic basis of fruit shape in breeding programs, cultivar descriptions, and variety registration.

Molecular Markers, Immune Therapy, and Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer-State-of-the-Art Review for Surgeons.

Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States. An increasing understanding of relevant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) biomarkers has led to the recent development of molecular-targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors that have revolutionized treatment for patients with advanced and metastatic disease. The purpose of this review is to provide surgeons with a state-of-the-art understanding of the current medical and surgical treatment trends and their implications in the future of management of NSCLC.

Minimally Invasive with Maximal Yield: A Narrative Review of Current Practices in Mediastinal Lymph Node Staging in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States despite declining incidence and improved outcomes because of advancements in early detection and development of novel therapies. Accurate mediastinal lymph node staging is crucial for determining prognosis and guiding treatment decisions, particularly for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A systematic search of PubMed was conducted to identify English language articles published between January 2010 and January 2024 focusing on preoperative lymph node staging in adults with NSCLC.

An Integrative Transcriptomics and Proteomics Approach to Identify Putative Genes Underlying Fruit Ripening in Tomato near Isogenic Lines with Long Shelf Life.

The elucidation of the ripening pathways of climacteric fruits helps to reduce postharvest losses and improve fruit quality. Here, we report an integrative study on tomato ripening for two near-isogenic lines (NIL115 and NIL080) with LA0722 introgressions. A comprehensive analysis using phenotyping, molecular, transcript, and protein data were performed.

Genetic basis of the lobedness degree in tomato fruit morphology.

Fruit shape is a key trait in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Since most studies focused on proximo-distal fruit morphology, we hypothesized that unknown QTLs for medio-lateral direction ones could be found analysing segregating populations where major shape genes are fixed.

Increasing Fruit Weight by Editing a -Regulatory Element in Tomato Promoter Using CRISPR/Cas9.

CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome editing is a powerful approach to accelerate yield enhancement to feed growing populations. Most applications focus on "negative regulators" by targeting coding regions and promoters to create nulls or weak loss-of-function alleles. However, many agriculturally important traits are conferred by gain-of-function alleles.

Tomato fruit quality traits and metabolite content are affected by reciprocal crosses and heterosis.

Heterosis occurs when the F1s outperform their parental lines for a trait. Reciprocal hybrids are obtained by changing the cross direction of parental genotypes. Both biological phenomena could affect the external and internal attributes of fleshy fruits.

Fruit quality and DNA methylation are affected by parental order in reciprocal crosses of tomato.

Reciprocal effects were found for tomato fruit quality and DNA methylation. The epigenetic identity of reciprocal hybrids indicates that DNA methylation might be one of the mechanisms involved in POEs. Crosses between different genotypes and even between different species are commonly used in plant breeding programs.

CleanBSequences: an efficient curator of biological sequences in R.

This work presents a new method and tool to solve a common problem of molecular biologists and geneticists who use molecular markers in their scientific research and developments: curation of sequences. Omic studies conducted by molecular biologists and geneticists usually involve the use of molecular markers. AFLP, cDNA-AFLP, and MSAP are examples of markers that render information at the genomics, transcriptomics, and epigenomics levels, respectively.

Selected genome regions for fruit weight and shelf life in tomato RILs discernible by markers based on genomic sequence information.

Fruit weight (FW) and shelf life (SL) are important traits in commercial fresh market tomatoes. A tomato RIL population was developed by antagonistic and divergent selection for both traits from an interspecific cross between the L. cv.

A common genetic mechanism underlies morphological diversity in fruits and other plant organs.

Shapes of edible plant organs vary dramatically among and within crop plants. To explain and ultimately employ this variation towards crop improvement, we determined the genetic, molecular and cellular bases of fruit shape diversity in tomato. Through positional cloning, protein interaction studies, and genome editing, we report that OVATE Family Proteins and TONNEAU1 Recruiting Motif proteins regulate cell division patterns in ovary development to alter final fruit shape.

Candidate gene selection and detailed morphological evaluations of fs8.1, a quantitative trait locus controlling tomato fruit shape.

fs8.1 is a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) that controls the elongated shape of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit. In this study, we fine-mapped the locus from a 47Mb to a 3.

Network Analyses Reveal Shifts in Transcript Profiles and Metabolites That Accompany the Expression of SUN and an Elongated Tomato Fruit.

SUN controls elongated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) shape early in fruit development through changes in cell number along the different axes of growth. The gene encodes a member of the IQ domain family characterized by a calmodulin binding motif. To gain insights into the role of SUN in regulating organ shape, we characterized genome-wide transcriptional changes and metabolite and hormone accumulation after pollination and fertilization in wild-type and SUN fruit tissues.

Preservation of Solanum pimpinellifolium genomic fragments in recombinant genotypes improved the fruit quality of tomato.

Five recombinant inbred lines obtained from the F2 generation of an interspecific cross between cultivar, Caimanta (Cai, Solanum lycopersicum) and wild accession, LA722 (P, S. pimpinellifolium) were crossed to obtain the second cycle hybrids (SCH). Eleven fruit quality traits were assessed in evaluating phenotypic variability among genotypes P, Cai, F1 (Cai x P), five RILs, and 10 SCH.

The chemical interactions underlying tomato flavor preferences.

Although human perception of food flavors involves integration of multiple sensory inputs, the most salient sensations are taste and olfaction. Ortho- and retronasal olfaction are particularly crucial to flavor because they provide the qualitative diversity so important to identify safe versus dangerous foods. Historically, flavor research has prioritized aroma volatiles present at levels exceeding the orthonasally measured odor threshold, ignoring the variation in the rate at which odor intensities grow above threshold.

Phenotypic and molecular characterization of selected tomato recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross Solanum lycopersicum x S. pimpinellifolium.

An important trait defining fresh tomato marketability is fruit shelf life. Exotic germplasm of Solanum pimpinellifolium is able to prolong shelf life. Sixteen recombinant inbred lines with differing values of shelf life and fruit weight were derived by antagonistic-divergent selection from an interspecific cross involving Solanum pimpinellifolium.

Distribution of SUN, OVATE, LC, and FAS in the tomato germplasm and the relationship to fruit shape diversity.

Phenotypic diversity within cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is particularly evident for fruit shape and size. Four genes that control tomato fruit shape have been cloned. SUN and OVATE control elongated shape whereas FASCIATED (FAS) and LOCULE NUMBER (LC) control fruit locule number and flat shape.

Tomato Analyzer: a useful software application to collect accurate and detailed morphological and colorimetric data from two-dimensional objects.

Measuring fruit morphology and color traits of vegetable and fruit crops in an objective and reproducible way is important for detailed phenotypic analyses of these traits. Tomato Analyzer (TA) is a software program that measures 37 attributes related to two-dimensional shape in a semi-automatic and reproducible manner. Many of these attributes, such as angles at the distal and proximal ends of the fruit and areas of indentation, are difficult to quantify manually.