Elevated salinity amplifies polyethylene microplastic-induced soil nitrous oxide emissions.

Microplastics (MPs) have been shown to enhance nitrous oxide (NO) emissions and soil salinization potentially amplifying this effect. This study investigated the individual and combined impacts of polyethylene (PE) MPs and salinity on NO emissions from paddy soils, while simultaneously analyzing related microbial parameters. MPs significantly increased cumulative NO emissions by 9.

Oligo-peptide I-C-F-6 mitigates polymicrobial sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction in mice.

Cardiomyopathy accounts for worse clinical outcome and higher mortality rate during sepsis globally. Here we assessed whether post-operative administration of I-C-F-6, a small molecule oligo-peptide (Gly-Ala-Gly-Pro-His-Gly-Gly) derived from Carapax trionycis, protected against septic cardiomyopathy in mice. Male adult mice were exposed to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) and I-C-F-6 was administered intravenously (0.

Olink proteomics and lipidomics analysis of serum from patients infected with non-tuberculous mycobacteria and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Background: Non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infections are difficult to diagnose and treat, significantly burdening global health. The host immune status is generally believed to be associated with the onset and progression of NTM and MTB infections, but its specific impact remains unclear.

Methods: In the present study, proteomics and lipidomics analysis of serum from normal controls (n = 26) and patients with MTB (n = 26), rapidly growing NTM (RGM, n = 15), and slowly growing NTM (SGM, n = 21) were conducted using the Olink technique based on a highly sensitive and specific neighborhood extension assay and the lipidomics technique.

Randomized, blind, controlled phase III clinical trial: Assessing the immunogenicity and safety of freeze-dried human rabies vaccine (vero cell) with a 4-dose regimen (2-1-1) in a 10-60 year-old demographic.

Objective: The aim of this study is to demonstrate that the freeze-dried human rabies vaccine (Vero cell), administered in a four-dose schedule (2-1-1) to the 10-60 years old population, has immunogenicity that is not inferior to the approved five-dose schedule and similar vaccines with a four-dose schedule, and to evaluate its safety.

Method: A total of 1800 individuals were enrolled and divided into three groups: four-dose test group, four-dose control group, and five-dose control group. The rabies virus neutralizing antibodies were measured using the Rapid Fluorescent Focus Inhibition Test to assess immunogenicity, and the incidence of adverse events and serious adverse events were statistically analyzed.

Single-cell transcriptomics of blood identified IFIT1 neutrophil subcluster expansion in NTM-PD patients.

Objective: Non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) is caused by an imbalance between pathogens and impaired host immune responses. Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) and Mycobacterium abscessus (MAB) are the two major pathogens that cause NTM-PD. In this study, we sought to dissect the transcriptomes of peripheral blood immune cells at the single-cell resolution in NTM-PD patients and explore potential clinical markers for NTM-PD diagnosis and treatment.

Study on immune persistence of the CTN-1V strain rabies vaccine in humans.

This study is a single-arm, single-center phase IV clinical trial on a rabies vaccine that has been marketed in China. The Vero cells and CTN-1V strain are used in the rabies vaccine product. The purpose of this study was to investigate the safety, immunogenicity and immune persistence of this product.

The soybean sugar transporter GmSWEET6 participates in sucrose transport towards fungi during arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis.

In arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis, sugars in root cortical cells could be exported as glucose or sucrose into peri-arbuscular space for use by AM fungi. However, no sugar transporter has been identified to be involved in sucrose export. An AM-inducible SWEET transporter, GmSWEET6, was functionally characterised in soybean, and its role in AM symbiosis was investigated via transgenic plants.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi-induced mitigation of heavy metal phytotoxicity in metal contaminated soils: A critical review.

The heavy metal pollution is a worldwide problem and has received a serious concern for the ecosystem and human health. In the last decade, remediation of the agricultural polluted soil has attracted great attention. Phytoremediation is one of the technologies that effectively alleviate heavy metal toxicity, however, this technique is limited to many factors contributing to low plant growth rate and nature of metal toxicities.

Boron supply alleviates cadmium toxicity in rice (Oryza sativa L.) by enhancing cadmium adsorption on cell wall and triggering antioxidant defense system in roots.

Cadmium (Cd) pollution is a key concern globally that affects plant growth and productivity. Boron (B) is a micronutrient that helps in the formation of the primary cell wall (CW) and alleviates negative effects of toxic elements on plant growth. Nonetheless, knowledge about how B can reduce Cd toxicity in rice seedlings is not enough, particularly regarding CW-Cd adsorption.

FSH1 regulates the phenotype and pathogenicity of the pathogenic dermatophyte Microsporum canis.

Microsporum canis (M. canis) is a common pathogen that causes tinea capitis and is present worldwide. The incidence of M.

Value of heart rate recovery in female patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension due to systemic lupus erythematosus.

Objective: This study intended to explore the relation between heart rate recovery at 1 minutes (HRR1) during the recovery phase of cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) and exercise capacity in female systemic lupus erythematosus associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (SLE-PAH) patients.

Methods: Twenty-one female SLE-PAH patients underwent right heart catheterization (RHC), pulmonary function test (PFT) and CPET. Forty-two healthy subjects matched with SLE-PAH patients in age, sex and BMI were recruited as a control group.

Activation of TRPC6 channels contributes to (+)-conocarpan-induced apoptotic cell death in HK-2 cells.

(+)-Conocarpan (CNCP), a neolignan frequently found in many medicinal and edible plants displays a broad spectrum of bioactivity. Here, we demonstrated that CNCP induced apoptotic cell death in human kidney-2 (HK-2) cells in a concentration-dependent manner (IC = 19.3 μM) and led to the sustained elevation of intracellular Ca ([Ca]).

Direct species identification of common pathogenic dermatophyte fungi in clinical specimens by semi-nested PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism.

Objective: To seek a rapid and reliable molecular biology method to identify the common pathogenic dermatophyte fungi from clinical samples.

Method: The genome DNA was extracted from cultured strains of seven common dermatophyte fungi species and part of each positive clinical specimen by microscopy. Intergenic spacer regions of ribosomal DNA (ITS) were amplified by semi-nested PCR (snPCR) with three universal primers (NS5, ITS1, and ITS4) for fungi.

Genotyping of Trichophyton rubrum by analysis of ribosomal-DNA intergenic spacer regions.

An attempt was made to explore the genotyping of Trichophyton rubrum (T. rubrum) and the relationship between genotype and geographical origin using ribosomal restriction endonuclease polymorphic analysis. The total DNA was extracted by cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB).

Genotyping of Sporothrix schenckii by analysis of ribosomal DNA regions.

An attempt was made to identify the genotypes of 31 Sporothrix schenckii strains and the relationship between the genotypes, the geographic distributions and clinical manifestations using restriction fragment length polymorphic analysis. The total DNA was extracted by cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide. The polymorphisms were detected by hybridisation of ApaI-digested Sporothrix genomic DNA with a probe amplified from the small subunit ribosomal DNA and adjacent internal transcribed spacer regions.

A study on stability of phenotype and genotype of Trichophyton rubrum.

Objective: To explore the stability of phenotype and genotype in Trichophyton rubrum.

Methods: All the strains were cultured on Sabouraud's dextrose agar slopes, and identified to species level. Strains isolated recently were subcultured on Sabouraud agar slopes four times at an interval of 4 weeks.

Characterization of Sporothrix schenckii by random amplification of polymorphic DNA assay.

Objectives: To investigate the DNA polymorphism of Sporothrix schenckii (S. schenckii) and to find the relationship between DNA patterns and geographic areas and clinical manifestations.

Method: The total DNA was extracted with hexadecyltrimethyl-ammonium bromide.

Studies on the synthesis and Antithrombosis Activity of the Analogue of Fibrin Decomposed Product-Related Peptide.

HPA of 85.5% purity was synthesized by the solid phase method on HPLC. The data obtained from amino acid analysis and fast atom bombardment were in good agreement with the theoretical values.