Stereoselective Alkyne-Alkene [2 + 2] Cycloaddition Enabled by Anion Relay Chemistry for Fully C-Substituted Cyclobutene Synthesis.

Cyclobutenes serve as valuable scaffolds in pharmaceutical development, but synthesizing structurally diverse fully C-substituted cyclobutenes remains challenging. Here we report a stereoselective [2 + 2] cycloaddition between alkynyl 1,3-dithianes and cinnamate esters using a catalytic amount of KOBu. Our approach enables the construction of synthetically challenging tetrasubstituted cyclobutenes via anion relay chemistry (ARC), exhibiting excellent -diastereoselectivities (dr > 20:1).

Identification and quantitative trait locus mapping of Tartary buckwheat pre-harvest sprouting.

Background: Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tartaricum) is particularly vulnerable to pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) due to its extended flowering and fruiting cycle, especially during periods of prolonged rainfall. This susceptibility has significant adverse effects on yield, quality and post-harvest processing. In this study, a recombinant inbred lines (RILs) population (XJ-RILs) was developed from a cross between the PHS-susceptible Tartary buckwheat variety 'Xiaomiqiao' (female parent) and the highly PHS-resistant variety 'Jinqiaomai 2' (male parent).

Effect of Different Doping Concentrations on the Properties of Fe:ZnSe and Fe, Cr:ZnSe Crystals Grown by the Chemical Vapor Transport Method.

The Fe:ZnSe crystal is an important material for 3-5 μm mid-infrared lasers. In this work, we have grown different doping concentrations of Fe:ZnSe and Fe, Cr:ZnSe by the chemical vapor transport method. The doped crystals have the same structure.

Crystal Growth, Characterization, and Properties of Nonlinear Optical Crystals of LiAgGaTe for Mid-Infrared Applications.

LiGaTe is a promising nonlinear optical crystal with a large figure of merit (/), but it is difficult to grow the LiGaTe single crystal due to its extreme instability. In this work, we used Ag to replace Li and successfully grew a LiAgGaTe crystal by the modified Bridgman method for the first time. We found it has thermal stability below 200 °C in an atmospheric environment, and the thermal expansion coefficient is positive.

Development of a blood proteins-based model for bronchopulmonary dysplasia prediction in premature infants.

Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common chronic pulmonary disease in premature infants. Blood proteins may be early predictors of the development of this disease.

Methods: In this study, protein expression profiles (blood samples during their first week of life) and clinical data of the GSE121097 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus.

Crystal Growth, Thermal Treatment, and Characterization of Nonlinear Optical Crystal LiGaInSe for Mid-infrared Applications.

LiGaInSe is a new quaternary nonlinear optical crystal for the mid-IR application grown as a mixed crystal of the LiGaSe-LiInSe solid-solution system. It is transparent in the 0.47-14 μm range and has an appropriate bandgap and a lower melting point than LiGaSe and LiInSe.