Treatment of Monomorphic Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder in Pediatric Solid Organ Transplant: A Multicenter Review.

Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is the most common posttransplant malignancy in children. We reviewed data from 3 Canadian pediatric centers to determine patient characteristics, treatment approaches, and outcomes for children with monomorphic PTLD. There were 55 eligible children diagnosed between January 2001 to December 2021.

Outcomes of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection in Children and Adolescents With Cancer in Canada: Population-based Study and Systematic Review.

Published outcomes for children with cancer with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have varied. Outcome data for pediatric oncology patients in Canada, outside of Quebec, have not been reported. This retrospective study captured patient, disease, and COVID-19-related infectious episode characteristics and outcome data for children, 0 to 18 years, diagnosed with a first COVID-19 infection between January 2020 to December 2021 at 12 Canadian pediatric oncology centers.

Preoperative assessment and prehabilitation in patients with obesity undergoing non-bariatric surgery: A systematic review.

Study Objective: The optimal methods of preoperative assessment and prehabilitation specific to patients with obesity undergoing non-bariatric surgery have not been described. We investigated two questions: 1) which methods of preoperative assessment in patients with obesity are associated with improved patient management, and 2) which methods of prehabilitation in patients with obesity are associated with improved patient outcomes?

Design: Systematic review.

Setting: Preoperative assessment and optimisation, and postoperative outcomes.

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Self-Sampling among Never-and Under-Screened Indigenous Māori, Pacific and Asian Women in Aotearoa New Zealand: A Feasibility Study.

In Aotearoa, New Zealand, the majority of cervical cancer cases occur in women who have never been screened or are under-screened. Wāhine Māori, Pacific and Asian women have the lowest rate of cervical screening. Self-sampling for human papillomavirus (HPV-SS) has been shown to increase participation in cervical cancer screening.

Hb Calgary (: c.194G>T): A Highly Unstable Hemoglobin Variant with a β-Thalassemia Major Phenotype.

We describe two unrelated patients, both heterozygous for an unstable hemoglobin (Hb) variant named Hb Calgary (: c.194G>T) that causes severe hemolytic anemia and dyserythorpoietic, resulting in transfusion dependence and iron overload. The molecular pathogenesis is a missense variation on the β-globin gene, presumed to lead to an unstable Hb.

Diffuse Intracerebral Hemorrhage in an Infant With a Novel Homozygous Variant Leading to Severe Protein C Deficiency.

Protein C is a circulating anticoagulant that inhibits factor Va and VIIIa and promotes fibrinolysis. Compound heterozygous or homozygous variants in the Protein C gene (PROC) lead to severe deficiency of protein C and affected neonates typically present shortly after birth with purpura fulminans. We describe an infant who suffered a diffuse intracranial hemorrhage as a neonate and presented with purpura fulminans as an older infant which led to investigations that were consistent with severe protein C deficiency.

Development of national consensus statements on food labelling interpretation and protein allocation in a low phenylalanine diet for PKU.

Background: In the treatment of phenylketonuria (PKU), there was disparity between UK dietitians regarding interpretation of how different foods should be allocated in a low phenylalanine diet (allowed without measurement, not allowed, or allowed as part of phenylalanine exchanges). This led to variable advice being given to patients.

Methodology: In 2015, British Inherited Metabolic Disease Group (BIMDG) dietitians (n = 70) were sent a multiple-choice questionnaire on the interpretation of protein from food-labels and the allocation of different foods.

Respiratory Presentation of Pediatric Patients in the 2014 Enterovirus D68 Outbreak.

Background. In the fall of 2014, a North American outbreak of enterovirus D68 resulted in a significant number of pediatric hospital admissions for respiratory illness throughout North America. This study characterized the clinical presentation and risk factors for a severe clinical course in children admitted to British Columbia Children's Hospital during the 2014 outbreak.

The transfer of social exclusion and inclusion functions through derived stimulus relations.

Previous studies have found that social exclusion can cause distress to those excluded. One method used to study social exclusion is through a virtual ball-toss game known as Cyberball. In this game, participants may be excluded from or included in the ball-toss game and typically report lower feelings of self-esteem, control, belonging, and meaningful existence following exclusion.

Structured syncope care pathways based on lean six sigma methodology optimises resource use with shorter time to diagnosis and increased diagnostic yield.

Aims: To conduct a pilot study on the potential to optimise care pathways in syncope/Transient Loss of Consciousness management by using Lean Six Sigma methodology while maintaining compliance with ESC and/or NICE guidelines.

Methods: Five hospitals in four European countries took part. The Lean Six Sigma methodology consisted of 3 phases: 1) Assessment phase, in which baseline performance was mapped in each centre, processes were evaluated and a new operational model was developed with an improvement plan that included best practices and change management; 2) Improvement phase, in which optimisation pathways and standardised best practice tools and forms were developed and implemented.

The liver X receptor agonist GW3965 improves recovery from mild repetitive traumatic brain injury in mice partly through apolipoprotein E.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) increases Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk and leads to the deposition of neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid deposits similar to those found in AD. Agonists of Liver X receptors (LXRs), which regulate the expression of many genes involved in lipid homeostasis and inflammation, improve cognition and reduce neuropathology in AD mice. One pathway by which LXR agonists exert their beneficial effects is through ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1)-mediated lipid transport onto apolipoprotein E (apoE).