A qualitative exploration of parents' experiences of infant and toddler sleep and feeding during the United Kingdom COVID-19 lockdown(s).

COVID-19 restrictions had a significant impact on family life, including daily activities and routines. This study aimed to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children's sleep and feeding behaviours, through undertaking reflexive thematic analysis of parents' open-text box responses to survey questions related to their child's sleep and feeding practices during COVID-19 restrictions. Six hundred and ninety one parents of children aged 0-24 months old who were living in the United Kingdom completed an online questionnaire between 14th December 2020 and 15th January 2021.

Zika viruses encode 5' upstream open reading frames affecting infection of human brain cells.

Zika virus (ZIKV), an emerging mosquito-borne flavivirus, is associated with congenital neurological complications. Here, we investigate potential pathological correlates of virus gene expression in representative ZIKV strains through RNA sequencing and ribosome profiling. In addition to the single long polyprotein found in all flaviviruses, we identify the translation of unrecognised upstream open reading frames (uORFs) in the genomic 5' region.

New Modes of Practice: A Framework Analysis of School Nurses' Accounts of Working With Children and Young People During COVID-19.

Aims: To identify new and accelerated modes of practice used by school nurses during the COVID pandemic. To create a quick reference infographic bringing together experiential evidence on the range and considerations regarding different modes of practice for use by the school nursing community of practice.

Design: A descriptive qualitative secondary data analysis of open-ended questions in a survey, and focus groups with school nurses.

Parental sleep-related practices and sleep in children aged 1-3 years: a systematic review.

The current systematic review sought to identify the relationship between the range of different parental sleep-related practices that had been explored in relations to child sleep outcomes in children aged 1-3 years. A systematic literature review was carried out in CINAHL, The Cochrane Library, PsycArticles, PsycInfo, PubMed and Web of Science, as well as relevant grey literature in August 2022 using the terms; population (children, aged 1-3 years), exposure (parental sleep-related practice) and outcome (child sleep). Any quantitative study published between 2010 and 2022 that explored the relationship between parental sleep-related practices and the sleep of children aged 1-3 years were included.

A cross-sectional survey of healthcare professionals supporting children and young people with epilepsy and their parents/carers: which topics are raised in clinical consultations and can healthcare professionals provide the support needed?

Background And Purpose: Children and young people (CYP) with epilepsy see healthcare professionals (HCPs) for management of their seizures but may require information, advice and support with a range of broader topics. The purpose of the survey was to identify from HCPs, which topics CYP with epilepsy and their parents/carers ask about other than seizure management, and how adequately HCPs feel able to support them with these topics.

Method: A cross-sectional online survey was used to collect data.

Changing Agendas on Sleep, Treatment and Learning in Epilepsy (CASTLE) Sleep-E: a protocol for a randomised controlled trial comparing an online behavioural sleep intervention with standard care in children with Rolandic epilepsy.

Introduction: Sleep and epilepsy have an established bidirectional relationship yet only one randomised controlled clinical trial has assessed the effectiveness of behavioural sleep interventions for children with epilepsy. The intervention was successful, but was delivered via face-to-face educational sessions with parents, which are costly and non-scalable to population level. The Changing Agendas on Sleep, Treatment and Learning in Epilepsy (CASTLE) Sleep-E trial addresses this problem by comparing clinical and cost-effectiveness in children with Rolandic epilepsy between standard care (SC) and SC augmented with a novel, tailored parent-led CASTLE Online Sleep Intervention (COSI) that incorporates evidence-based behavioural components.

The impact of parent treatment preference and other factors on recruitment: lessons learned from a paediatric epilepsy randomised controlled trial.

Background: In paediatric epilepsy, the evidence of effectiveness of antiseizure treatment is inconclusive for some types of epilepsy. As with other paediatric clinical trials, researchers undertaking paediatric epilepsy clinical trials face a range of challenges that may compromise external validity MAIN BODY: In this paper, we critically reflect upon the factors which impacted recruitment to the pilot phase of a phase IV unblinded, randomised controlled 3×2 factorial trial examining the effectiveness of two antiseizure medications (ASMs) and a sleep behaviour intervention in children with Rolandic epilepsy. We consider the processes established to support recruitment, public and patient involvement and engagement (PPIE), site induction, our oversight of recruitment targets and figures, and the actions we took to help us understand why we failed to recruit sufficient children to continue to the substantive trial phase.

School Nurse Perspectives of Working with Children and Young People in the United Kingdom during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Online Survey Study.

School nurses are public health specialists with an integral role in the safeguarding of children and young people. This study gathered information about school nurses' approaches to overcome practice restrictions as a result of COVID-19. A cross-sectional survey was administered to school nurses across the United Kingdom.

'No one's ever said anything about sleep': A qualitative investigation into mothers' experiences of sleep in children with epilepsy.

Introduction: Sleep problems in children with epilepsy (CWE) are common. However, little is known about parental experiences and feelings about managing sleep in their CWE. To provide the most appropriate services' provision, it is essential that the lived experience of parents of this patient group and the issues and problems that they face in managing their child's sleep is understood.

School nursing: New ways of working with children and young people during the Covid-19 pandemic: A scoping review.

Aim: To examine how school nurse practice evolved as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic.

Design: A scoping review of international literature, conducted and reported in line with Arksey and O'Malley's (2005) framework.

Data Sources: Searches were conducted in September 2021.

Parents'/caregivers' fears and concerns about their child's epilepsy: A scoping review.

Background: Childhood epilepsy is a serious and common neurological condition and can have life-long consequences and its impact can pervade all aspects of family life. Whilst the medical management of seizures is important, much of the day-to-day home management of epilepsy is invisible to people external to the family, including health care professionals, and parents'/caregivers' fears and concerns can go unacknowledged and unaddressed by health care professionals.

Objective: This objective of this review was to examine parents'/caregivers' fears and concerns regarding their child's epilepsy, the impact of these fears and concerns on family life, the social and emotional well-being of parents/caregivers and any factors which mitigate these fears and concerns.

UK parents' help-seeking for child sleep: A qualitative investigation into parental preferences and reservations about resources.

Child sleep is a common parental concern and there is an array of resources available to parents. However, an exploration of UK parents' help-seeking behaviours around child sleep is lacking. This study sought to identify the resources parents use to seek information and help for child sleep, as well as to explore what factors parents prefer about certain sources and their reservations about using other resources.

The relationship between parents' cognitions, bedtime behaviours and sleep-related practices with their child's sleep.

Certain parental cognitions about child sleep and bedtime behaviours used with their child have been linked to poorer child sleep. However, previous research has focused on mothers and explored only a limited range of sleep-related cognitions and practices. The present study investigated whether parental cognitions and sleep-related practices (both in connection with their own sleep and their child's sleep), alongside the bedtime behaviours used with their child were associated with and/or were predictive of their child's sleep.

Ribosome profiling of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus reveals novel features of viral gene expression.

The arterivirus porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes significant economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. Here we apply ribosome profiling (RiboSeq) and parallel RNA sequencing (RNASeq) to characterise the transcriptome and translatome of both species of PRRSV and to analyse the host response to infection. We calculated programmed ribosomal frameshift (PRF) efficiency at both sites on the viral genome.

Investigating molecular mechanisms of 2A-stimulated ribosomal pausing and frameshifting in Theilovirus.

The 2A protein of Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) acts as a switch to stimulate programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting (PRF) during infection. Here, we present the X-ray crystal structure of TMEV 2A and define how it recognises the stimulatory RNA element. We demonstrate a critical role for bases upstream of the originally predicted stem-loop, providing evidence for a pseudoknot-like conformation and suggesting that the recognition of this pseudoknot by beta-shell proteins is a conserved feature in cardioviruses.

A Qualitative Investigation Into What Parents Want From an Online Behavioural Sleep Intervention for Children With Epilepsy.

Many of the same sleep problems seen in typically developing (TD) children are frequently experienced by children with epilepsy (CWE). Behavioural sleep interventions (BSIs) are commonly and successfully used to treat these sleep problems in TD children and in some neurodevelopmental disorder populations. Therefore, BSIs should be effective in CWE, however, there are special seizure-related considerations for CWE and their parents which may be salient to consider in any future BSI development for this group.

Development and Evaluation of the CASTLE Trial Online Sleep Intervention for Parents of Children with Epilepsy.

Many of the sleep problems experienced by children with epilepsy (CWE) have the same behavioural basis as common sleep problems seen in typically developing (TD) children. Behavioural sleep interventions (BSIs) are widely used to treat these sleep problems in TD children and are hypothesised to be effective for CWE. However, specific considerations need to be addressed and incorporated into a BSI for CWE to ensure the intervention is tailored to this population's needs.

Manipulation of the unfolded protein response: A pharmacological strategy against coronavirus infection.

Coronavirus infection induces the unfolded protein response (UPR), a cellular signalling pathway composed of three branches, triggered by unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) due to high ER load. We have used RNA sequencing and ribosome profiling to investigate holistically the transcriptional and translational response to cellular infection by murine hepatitis virus (MHV), often used as a model for the Betacoronavirus genus to which the recently emerged SARS-CoV-2 also belongs. We found the UPR to be amongst the most significantly up-regulated pathways in response to MHV infection.

Effects of Preferred and Non-Preferred Warm-Up Music on Resistance Exercise Performance.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of listening to preferred and non-preferred warm-up music on upper-body resistance exercise performance. Resistance-trained males (ages 18-24) participated in two separate bench press trials each with a different warm-up music condition: preferred warm-up music (PREF) or non-preferred warm-up music (NON-PREF). In each trial, participants listened to PREF or NON-PREF music during a standardized bench press warm-up.

The International Virus Bioinformatics Meeting 2020.

The International Virus Bioinformatics Meeting 2020 was originally planned to take place in Bern, Switzerland, in March 2020. However, the COVID-19 pandemic put a spoke in the wheel of almost all conferences to be held in 2020. After moving the conference to 8-9 October 2020, we got hit by the second wave and finally decided at short notice to go fully online.

Parentally reported barriers to seeking help and advice for child sleep from healthcare professionals.

Background: Healthcare professionals (HCPs), largely doctors, paediatricians, health visitors, midwives, and practice nurses, are in a good position to provide information, help, advice, or guidance to parents for child sleep. However, evidence suggests that there is a gap between the number of parents who desire assistance from HCPs and those that make use of these sources, yet very little is known about the reason for this apparent disparity. The aim of this study was to understand the barriers reported by parents to consulting HCPs about child sleep.

The mechanism of glycosphingolipid degradation revealed by a GALC-SapA complex structure.

Sphingolipids are essential components of cellular membranes and defects in their synthesis or degradation cause severe human diseases. The efficient degradation of sphingolipids in the lysosome requires lipid-binding saposin proteins and hydrolytic enzymes. The glycosphingolipid galactocerebroside is the primary lipid component of the myelin sheath and is degraded by the hydrolase β-galactocerebrosidase (GALC).