Toxicity of luteolin on Hyphantria cunea larvae: construction of plant-derived microcapsule pesticide.

Background: Hyphantria cunea, a major global quarantine pest, poses significant threats to agroforestry ecosystems and sustainable economic development. This study investigated the formulation of luteolin microcapsules via a single coacervation method, based on biotoxicity analysis of luteolin against H. cunea larvae.

Critical role of LdZIP7 in enhancing cadmium tolerance of Lymantria dispar larvae: Functional identification at both the individual and cellular levels.

Heavy metals are prevalent environmental pollutants in habitats of phytophagous insects. This study investigates the tolerance of Lymantria dispar larvae to cadmium (Cd) and the associated mechanisms involving the ZIP family. Cd stress reduced larval body weight and extended the development duration without causing significant mortality.

The synergistic potential of polyethylene glycol 400 for the control of Hyphantria cunea larvae by Beauveria bassiana.

The efficacy of entomopathogenic fungi as pest control agents is constrained by both their physiological state and external environmental factors. This study identified synergists capable of enhancing the insecticidal activity of Beauveria bassiana (Bb) and investigated the underlying synergistic mechanisms. Our results found that among 6 potential synergists, polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG) and trehalose significantly improved Bb's lethality against Hyphantria cunea larvae, with PEG demonstrating the most pronounced effect.

A new insight into Cd exposure-induced hemocyte reduction in Lymantria dispar larvae: Involvement of the ROS-ATF6-ER stress-apoptosis pathway.

Hemocytes are important targets for heavy metal-induced immunotoxicity in insects. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism by which cadmium (Cd) exposure affects the hemocyte count in Lymantria dispar larvae. The results showed that the number of larval hemocytes was significantly decreased under Cd exposure, accompanied by a significant increase in the apoptosis rate and the expression of Caspase-3.