Cell freezing is critical for the long-term preservation of biological materials, but is limited by the cytotoxicity and inefficacy of conventional cryoprotective agents, such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Here, we introduce DNA frameworks (DFs) as a nanoengineered programmable class of cryoprotectants designed to address these challenges. The DFs feature a programmable scaffolded structure offering large flexible wireframe contacts, cellular target ability, and biodegradability.
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November 2018
Background: The sitting in an awkward posture for a prolonged time may lead to spinal or musculoskeletal disease. It is important to investigate the joint loads at spine while sitting.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the joint moment and antero-posterior (AP) reaction force at cervico-thoracic and lumbosacral joint for various sitting postures.