Updated favourable-histology Wilms tumour risk stratification: rationale for future Children's Oncology Group clinical trials.

Patients with Wilms tumour have benefited from the results of decades of large collaborative clinical trials, leading to improved care. In the National Wilms Tumor Study Group and now Children's Oncology Group (COG) trials, risk stratification evolved and expanded with each generation of studies and, therefore, ensuring that each patient receives the appropriate therapy has become increasingly complex. A new risk stratification system has been developed that forms the basis of the upcoming COG favourable-histology Wilms tumour (FHWT) study.

You've Got a Friend in Me: Curbside Questions Infectious Diseases Clinicians Ask Infectious Diseases Pharmacists.

This multicenter study highlights the critical role of ID pharmacists in supporting ID consult services, with 89% of 1,518 curbside inquiries from ID clinicians resulting in clinical management changes as recommended by the pharmacist. These findings emphasize the necessity of ID pharmacists in optimizing multidisciplinary patient care.

Causes of Moral Distress in Academic Radiologists: Variation Among Institutions.

Purpose: To assess whether causes of moral distress vary by academic institution. Moral distress is experienced when health care providers are unable to provide the right care to patients because of institutional or resource constraints.

Materials And Methods: A survey was performed based on Moral Distress Scale-Revised for Health Care Professionals for 16 clinical scenarios assessing frequency and severity of moral distress among academic radiologists.

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Immunoglobulin G Antibody Titers in Contemporary Lots of Intravenous Immunoglobulin and Fresh Frozen Plasma Compared With COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma.

Given declining coronavirus disease 2019 convalescent plasma (CCP) collection and increasing scarcity, we compared anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody titers between CCP, intravenous immunoglobulin, and fresh frozen plasma. Herein, we report comparative anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody titers between 5 lots of each blood product, using the DiaSorin Liaison SARS-CoV-2 TrimericS IgG assay.

Long-term outcomes and patterns of relapse in patients with bilateral Wilms tumor or bilaterally predisposed unilateral Wilms tumor, a report from the COG AREN0534 study.

The objective of this study is to report the long-term timing and patterns of relapse for children enrolled in Children's Oncology Group AREN0534, a multicenter phase III clinical trial conducted from 2009 to 2015. Participants included children with bilateral Wilms tumor (BWT) or unilateral WT with genetic predisposition to develop BWT followed for up to 10 years. Smoothed hazard (risk) functions for event-free survival (EFS) were plotted so that the timing of events could be visualized, both overall and within pre-specified groups.

Visibility and Size of the Pancreatic Duct and Common Bile Duct on Routine 2D MRI Sequences in Children Without Pancreaticobiliary Disease.

Pancreatic duct (PD) or common bile duct (CBD) dilatation can indicate ductal pathology, but limited data describe normal pediatric duct measurements on routine 2D MRI sequences. The purpose of this study was to characterize the visibility and diameter of the PD and CBD on 2D MR images in children without pancreaticobiliary disease. This retrospective study included patients who underwent abdominal MRI using a rapid protocol (composed of noncontrast axial and coronal 2D SSFSE sequences) to assess for suspected appendicitis or ovarian torsion in the emergency department setting between January 23, 2023, and September 13, 2023, and excluded patients with a pancreatic or hepatobiliary abnormality on MRI or laboratory assessment.

Domestically Acquired NDM-1-Producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Southern California, USA, 2023.

We describe a case of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase 1-producing carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) in a transplant patient with multiple hospitalizations in California, USA. Whole-genome sequencing revealed the isolate was genetically distinctive, despite ≈95% similarity to other global strains. The patient's lack of international travel suggests this CRPA was acquired domestically.

A Trauma-Informed, Geospatially Aware, Just-in-Time Adaptive mHealth Intervention to Support Effective Coping Skills Among People Living With HIV in New Orleans: Development and Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: In 2020, Greater New Orleans, Louisiana, was home to 7048 people living with HIV-1083 per 100,000 residents, 2.85 times the US national rate. With Louisiana routinely ranked last in indexes of health equity, violent crime rates in Orleans Parish quintupling national averages, and in-care New Orleans people living with HIV surviving twice the US average of adverse childhood experiences, accessible, trauma-focused, evidence-based interventions (EBIs) for violence-affected people living with HIV are urgently needed.

Gadolinium-based contrast media does not improve the staging of neuroblastoma image-defined risk factors at diagnosis.

Background: Neuroblastoma risk stratification relies on prognostic risk factors and image-defined risk factors (IDRFs). Evaluating neuroblastoma typically involves magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with gadolinium-based contrast media (GBCM, "contrast"). However, there are concerns regarding adverse effects and cost of GBCM.

Machine Learning Diagnosis of Small-Bowel Crohn Disease Using T2-Weighted MRI Radiomic and Clinical Data.

Radiologists have variable diagnostic performance and considerable interreader variability when interpreting MR enterography (MRE) examinations for suspected Crohn disease (CD). The purposes of this study were to develop a machine learning method for predicting ileal CD by use of radiomic features of ileal wall and mesenteric fat from noncontrast T2-weighted MRI and to compare the performance of the method with that of expert radiologists. This single-institution study included retrospectively identified patients who underwent MRE for suspected ileal CD from January 1, 2020, to January 31, 2021, and prospectively enrolled participants (patients with newly diagnosed ileal CD or healthy control participants) from December 2018 to October 2021.

Similarities and controversies in imaging of pediatric renal tumors: A SIOP-RTSG and COG collaboration.

Malignant renal tumors are rare in children, and Wilms tumors (WTs) are the most common subtype. Imaging plays an essential role in the diagnosis, staging, and follow-up of these patients. Initial workup for staging is mainly performed by cross-sectional imaging modalities such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Imaging of pediatric renal tumors: A COG Diagnostic Imaging Committee/SPR Oncology Committee White Paper focused on Wilms tumor and nephrogenic rests.

Malignant renal tumors account for approximately 6% of pediatric malignancies, with Wilms tumor (WT) representing approximately 90% of pediatric renal tumors. This paper provides consensus-based imaging guidelines for the initial evaluation of a child with suspected WT and follow-up during and after therapy co-developed by the Children's Oncology Group (COG) Diagnostic Imaging and Society for Pediatric Radiology (SPR) oncology committees. The guidelines for Wilms Tumor Imaging in the Society of International Pediatric Oncology (SIOP) are briefly discussed to highlight some of the differences in imaging approach.

The Simplified MR Index of Activity Score in Pediatric Small-Bowel Crohn Disease: An Interreader Agreement and Responsiveness Study.

The simplified MR index of activity (MaRIA) score is used to assess the severity of small-bowel inflammation without use of IV contrast material. The purposes of this study were to assess interreader agreement on the use of simplified MaRIA scores for evaluation of the inflammatory activity of terminal ileal Crohn disease in children and young adults and to assess whether simplified MaRIA scores change after biologic medical therapy. This analysis was ancillary to a previously reported primary prospective research investigation.

Skeletal muscle mass as a marker to predict outcomes in children and young adults with cancer.

Purpose: Nutrition is an important outcome predictor in oncology patients including treatment response, physical disability, quality of life, and overall survival. Sarcopenia (loss of skeletal muscle mass and function) is a demonstrated marker of nutritional status in adults, but data are more limited in children. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether total psoas muscle area (tPMA) measured at the time of cancer diagnosis predicts overall survival (OS), disease free survival (DFS), or number of days neutropenic.

Acoustic radiation force imaging (ARFI) in the non-distended bladder does not predict abnormal urodynamic parameters in children.

Introduction: Acoustic radiation force imaging (ARFI) is a recently developed form of ultrasound imaging that allows in vivo measurement of tissue stiffness. This technology could be useful at predicting bladder compliance in children. We hypothesize that tissue stiffness, as measured by ARFI, correlates with abnormal bladder compliance and capacity in patients with bladder dysfunction.

Pharmacist driven antibiotic redosing in the emergency department.

Study Objective: Determine whether an expanded emergency medicine (EM) pharmacist scope of practice reduces the frequency of major delays in subsequent antibiotic administration in patients boarded in the emergency department (ED).

Methods: A pre-post, quasi-experimental study conducted from November 2019-March 2020 at a single-center tertiary academic medical center following the implementation of an expanded EM pharmacist scope of practice. Adult patients were included if they received an initial antibiotic dose in the ED and deemed to be high-risk.

Indocyanine green is a sensitive adjunct in the identification and surgical management of local and metastatic hepatoblastoma.

Background: Hepatoblastoma is the most common primary pediatric liver malignancy. Indocyanine green (ICG) has been described as an adjunct to resection in small series. Its utility remains undefined in larger cohorts.

Metastatic neuroblastoma masquerading as infantile hemangioma in a 4-month-old child.

Introduction: Diffuse liver lesions in an infant have a differential diagnosis including infantile hemangioma (IH), which is common in the first year of life, and neuroblastoma (NBL) which presents at a median age of 18 months.

Results: We describe the case of a 4-month-old girl with a known superficial/deep IH who presented with new axillary nodules and hepatosplenomegaly, initially suspected to reflect IH but later determined to be widely metastatic NBL.

Conclusion: Hepatic IH and metastatic NBL can present similarly.

Clinical utility and economic impact of routine delayed follow-up radiographs in children with uncomplicated distal radius Salter-Harris 2 fractures.

Background: Salter-Harris 2 fractures of the distal radius are common in pediatrics. Children with these fractures have a theoretical risk of developing a physeal bridge with subsequent growth disturbance.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical utility and economic impact of obtaining routine delayed radiographs in asymptomatic patients with uncomplicated Salter-Harris 2 fractures of the distal radius.

RESPECT: Radiology Employees Striving for Productive and Effective Communication.

Ineffective communication is commonly listed as a root cause of sentinel events and other adverse events in the health care setting. The psychological safety of all employees is considered to be a factor that promotes effective communication. Recently, leaders of a radiology department learned that many of the frontline staff did not feel they were being treated respectfully by radiologists during routine interactions.

Pathological response in children and adults with large unresected intermediate-grade or high-grade soft tissue sarcoma receiving preoperative chemoradiotherapy with or without pazopanib (ARST1321): a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 2 trial.

Background: Outcomes for children and adults with advanced soft tissue sarcoma are poor with traditional therapy. We investigated whether the addition of pazopanib to preoperative chemoradiotherapy would improve pathological near complete response rate compared with chemoradiotherapy alone.

Methods: In this joint Children's Oncology Group and NRG Oncology multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 2 trial, we enrolled eligible adults (aged ≥18 years) and children (aged between 2 and <18 years) from 57 hospitals in the USA and Canada with unresected, newly diagnosed trunk or extremity chemotherapy-sensitive soft tissue sarcoma, which were larger than 5 cm in diameter and of intermediate or high grade.