Aspirin in Patients with Chronic Coronary Syndrome Receiving Oral Anticoagulation.

Background: The appropriate antithrombotic regimen for patients with chronic coronary syndrome who are at high atherothrombotic risk and receiving long-term oral anticoagulation remains unknown.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in France involving patients with chronic coronary syndrome who had undergone a previous stent implantation (>6 months before enrollment) and were at high atherothrombotic risk and currently receiving long-term oral anticoagulation. The patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive aspirin (100 mg once daily) or placebo; all the patients continued to receive their current oral anticoagulation therapy.

Aspirin dosing after acute coronary syndrome with suspected aspirin resistance: the ANDAMAN trial.

Background And Aims: Despite current antithrombotic treatments, the recurrence of ischaemic events remains high in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) or aspirin resistance after acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Whether twice-daily aspirin dosing reduces major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in this population remains unknown.

Methods: In this prospective multicentre, randomized trial, patients with ACS and DM or high-risk of aspirin resistance (HRAR) defined as: (i) an index event occurring while on aspirin; (ii) body mass index ≥27 kg/m2; or (iii) increased waist circumference were assigned to receive enteric-coated aspirin once daily (100 mg/day) or twice daily (100 mg morning and evening).

Reduction of Antihypertensive Treatment in Nursing Home Residents.

Background: Among older adults with frailty, evidence on the benefits and risks of discontinuing antihypertensive drugs is limited.

Methods: In a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial conducted in France, we assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, nursing home residents 80 years of age or older who were receiving more than one antihypertensive drug and had a systolic blood pressure below 130 mm Hg to a protocol-driven strategy of progressive reduction of antihypertensive treatment (step-down group) or to receive usual care (usual-care group). Patients were to be followed for up to 4 years.

Bayesian Statistics: A Narrative Review on Application in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are highly heterogeneous conditions, varying in clinical manifestations, disease localization, progression, and response to treatment. Failing to account for this heterogeneity can substantially diminish the power of clinical trials and reduce the likelihood of detecting a true effect. In this review, we explore the transformative potential of Bayesian statistics in IBD clinical research, highlighting its ability to provide deeper insights, refine trial design, and facilitate more informed medical decision-making.

Fertilin peptide decreases embryo resorption and improves live birth rate in mouse.

Objective: To study the effect of the mouse Fertilin peptide, on mouse in vitro and in utero embryo development.

Design: The Fertilin peptide, a cyclic tripeptide derived from a loop of the ADAM2 protein, is already known to provide healthy pups over three generations of mice. The present prospective randomized study analyzes the in vitro and in vivo mouse embryo development using ultrasound examination, and birth rates, considering embryo resorption in mice as the equivalent of miscarriage in humans.

Comparative effectiveness of tofacitinib versus upadacitinib for the treatment of acute severe ulcerative colitis.

Background & Aims: Tofacitinib and upadacitinib are Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors that are increasingly used for the treatment of acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC). However, comparative analyses of safety and effectiveness have not been performed for their use in this setting.

Methods: This multicenter, retrospective study enrolled hospitalized adult patients treated with tofacitinib or upadacitinib for ASUC between January 2019 and June 2024.

Detection of Kidney Allograft Rejection Using Urinary Chemokines.

Background: Urinary chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL10 have shown promise for detecting kidney allograft rejection, but the demonstration of their added value beyond standard of care patient monitoring requires further study.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled adult patients who underwent kidney transplantation in 7 transplant referral centers between July 2018 and December 2019 (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03582436).

Tracheobronchial Replacement: A Systematic Review.

Importance: Tracheobronchial replacement remains a surgical and biological challenge despite several decades of experimental and clinical research.

Objective: To compile a comprehensive state-of-the-science review examining the current indications, techniques, and outcomes of tracheobronchial replacement in human patients.

Evidence Review: A systematic review of the literature was conducted on July 1, 2024, to identify studies examining tracheobronchial replacement.

Beta-blocker interruption effects on blood pressure and heart rate after myocardial infarction: the AβYSS trial.

Background And Aims: This study aims to report the effects of β-blocker interruption on blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) in the AβYSS trial where patients were randomized to interruption or continuation of β-blocker treatment after a myocardial infarction (MI).

Methods: Changes in HR and BP from baseline to post-randomization are reported using linear mixed repeated model, in the 3698 patients of the AβYSS trial with a median follow-up of 3.0 years.

PErsistence and Safety of Subcutaneous Infliximab 1 Year After Switch From Intravenous Route in IBD Patients in REMission.

Background And Aims: Real-life data regarding inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) evolution after switch from intravenous infliximab (IV-IFX) to subcutaneous infliximab (SC-IFX) is necessary. The aim of this prospective multicenter cohort study was to describe the persistence, effectiveness and tolerance of SC-IFX after switch from IV-IFX.

Methods: IBD patients in steroid-free clinical remission for at least 6 months on IV-IFX were enrolled in a prospective national French cohort when they switched to SC-IFX.

Iloprost for the Treatment of Severe Septic Shock with Persistent Hypoperfusion: A Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Preclinical and preliminary clinical data suggest that iloprost may improve tissue perfusion in septic shock. However, its effect on organ failure remains unclear. To investigate whether iloprost provides organ protection in septic shock with hypoperfusion.

Eliciting the Impact of Metformin and Statins on Prostate Cancer Outcomes from a Real-life National Database Analysis.

Several large analyses have revealed contradictory results regarding the association between prostate cancer (PC) survival and the use of statins prescribed for prevention of dyslipidaemia or atherosclerosis complications, or of metformin prescribed for type 2 diabetes (T2D). Using data collected between 2006 and 2018 in French national health databases for 521 052 men with PC and 1 827 345 men without PC, we evaluated current evidence regarding overall survival for men with PC according to statin and/or metformin use. The highest mortality was observed in PC patients exposed to both statins and metformin (hazard ratio [HR] 2.

Twice-a-day administration of aspirin in patients with diabetes mellitus or aspirin resistance after acute coronary syndrome: Rationale and design of the randomized ANDAMAN trial.

Background: Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) or aspirin resistance are exposed to recurrent atherothrombotic events after acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Aspirin once-daily can allow the recovery of platelet cyclooxygenase activity before the next intake in these patients. Twice-daily administration provides more stable inhibition of platelet aggregation and may improve prognosis in these patients.

Transcranial ultrasound localization microscopy in moyamoya patients using a clinical ultrasound system.

Deep brain structures are supplied by perforating arteries, which are too thin to be observed with non-invasive and widely available clinical imaging methods. In moyamoya disease, main arteries in the base of the brain progressively narrow, and perforating arteries grow densely and tortuously to compensate the lack of blood supply in deep brain structures. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of transcranial ultrasound localization microscopy (ULM) in visualizing perforating arteries, utilizing a standard low-frame-rate ultrasound clinical scanner and contrast sequences commonly employed in hospital settings.

Design of the OverCool study: Lung-conservative liquid ventilation for the induction of Ultra-Rapid Cooling after Cardiac Arrest (OverCool).

Background: The therapeutic window within which induced hypothermia might be effective after cardiac arrest is still unknown. In animal cardiac arrest models, early induction and faster cooling are independently associated favorable outcome. However, induction of Ultra-Rapid Therapeutic Hypothermia (achieving core body temperature of 33.

Extended Reduced-Dose Apixaban for Cancer-Associated Venous Thromboembolism.

Background: In patients with active cancer and venous thromboembolism, whether extended treatment with a reduced dose of an oral anticoagulant is effective in preventing recurrent thromboembolic events and decreasing bleeding is unclear.

Methods: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, noninferiority trial with blinded central outcome adjudication. Consecutive patients with active cancer and proximal deep-vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism who had completed at least 6 months of anticoagulant therapy were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive oral apixaban at a reduced (2.

Antagonistic effects of smoking and maternal glycemia on fetal growth: a retrospective study among 13,958 pregnant French women.

Introduction: Smoking and hyperglycemia first diagnosed during pregnancy (H1inP) have opposing effects on fetal growth. The aim of this study was to explore adverse pregnancy outcomes, particularly fetal growth, according to the smoking and H1inP status.

Methods: We included 13,958 women from a large French dataset (2012-2018).

Prehospital antiplatelet therapy in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest suspected of acute coronary syndrome.

Background: There are currently no specific guidelines for prehospital antiplatelet therapy in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) associated with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a prehospital antiplatelet loading dose in patients with OHCA suspected of ACS referred to a cardiac catheterization laboratory (cath lab).

Methods: We included consecutive patients referred for coronary angiography within 24 h after OHCA from 2012 to 2024.

Machine learning score to predict in-hospital outcomes in patients hospitalized in cardiac intensive care unit.

Aims: Although some scores based on traditional statistical methods are available for risk stratification in patients hospitalized in cardiac intensive care units (CICUs), the interest of machine learning (ML) methods for risk stratification in this field is not well established. We aimed to build an ML model to predict in-hospital major adverse events (MAE) in patients hospitalized in CICU.

Methods And Results: In April 2021, a French national prospective multicentre study involving 39 centres included all consecutive patients admitted to CICU.

Endometrial immune profiling and precision therapy increase live birth rate after embryo transfer: a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Despite advancements in assisted reproductive treatments, 70% of transferred embryos fail to implant successfully, yielding significant personal and global repercussions. One promising avenue of research is to take into account the individual's immune uterine profile in order to tailor treatment and optimise outcomes. This randomised controlled trial represents the initial exploration into the consequences of disregarding the state of the uterine immune environment in infertile women embarking on IVF/ICSI.

Assessment of quitting versus using aspirin therapy in patients with stabilized coronary artery disease after stenting who require long-term oral anticoagulation: Rationale for and design of the AQUATIC double-blind randomized trial.

Background: Antithrombotic management in patients with chronic coronary syndrome and previous stent implantation who require long-term oral anticoagulation is highly challenging in daily practice, especially in those at high residual risk of coronary and vascular events. Dual therapy with oral anticoagulation and aspirin may lead to a higher risk of bleeding, whereas stopping aspirin in high-risk patients with coronary artery disease after percutaneous coronary intervention may lead to recurrent ischaemic events.

Aim: To assess the optimal antithrombotic regimen that should be pursued long term (often lifelong) in these patients.

A family-based strategy to identify and prevent premature cardiovascular disease: a feasibility pilot-study.

Background: Current guidelines fail to adequately identify and prevent cardiovascular prevention in young adults, even when a family history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is known.

Purpose: We aim to assess the feasibility and acceptability of a routine family-based cardiovascular risk assessment in first-degree relatives of individuals with premature coronary artery disease (CAD).

Methods: Patients with premature CAD were prospectively asked about pre-existing CVD cases and previous cardiovascular check-ups among their first-degree relatives.

Real-world use, effectiveness, and safety of ceftazidime-avibactam: Results of the French cohort OZAVIE.

Background: While difficult-to-treat multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria infections increase over time, the real-world effectiveness, use, and safety of ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) for treating hospitalized patients was assessed in 41 French centers.

Procedures: OZAVIE was a prospective, multicenter, observational study conducted between March 2019 and November 2021. Hospitalized adult patients having initiated CAZ-AVI for infections within 14 days before enrolment were eligible.

Machine learning to detect recent recreational drug use in intensive cardiac care units.

Background: Although recreational drug use is a strong risk factor for acute cardiovascular events, systematic testing is currently not performed in patients admitted to intensive cardiac care units, with a risk of underdetection. To address this issue, machine learning methods could assist in the detection of recreational drug use.

Aims: To investigate the accuracy of a machine learning model using clinical, biological and echocardiographic data for detecting recreational drug use in patients admitted to intensive cardiac care units.

Effect of Triheptanoin on Caudate Atrophy and Motor Scores in Patients With Early-Stage Huntington Disease: A Phase II Study.

Background And Objectives: Brain energy deficiency occurs at the early stage of Huntington disease (HD). Triheptanoin, a drug that targets the Krebs cycle, can restore a normal brain energetic profile in patients with HD. In this study, we aimed at assessing its efficacy on clinical and neuroimaging structural measures in HD.