Déjà Vu? How Might Lessons Learned from Electronic Health Record Implementation Apply to Artificial Intelligence?

Background: The US healthcare system is currently facing significant challenges in quality, affordability, and labor shortages. Artificial intelligence (AI) promises to transform healthcare delivery by making it safer, more effective, less wasteful, and more patient-centered. With more than $30 billion invested in healthcare AI companies in the past three years, the proliferation of AI solutions is expected to bring much-needed relief to the strained healthcare industry.

Comparative effectiveness of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training on cardiometabolic health in patients with diabesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on cardiometabolic health-related outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and concurrent overweight/obesity (diabesity).

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Data Sources: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases were searched from inception up to January 31, 2025.

Handgrip strength has declined among people from Macao Special Administrative Region: A temporal trend analysis from 2001 to 2020.

Handgrip strength is a robust measure of muscular strength and overall health. This study examined temporal trends in handgrip strength among individual aged 6 to 69 years in the Macao Special Administrative Region between 2001 and 2020. The population was stratified by age, and repeated cross-sectional data were obtained from a nationally representative sample of 41,685 participants across five survey years: 2001, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020.

Temporal trends in physical fitness among preschoolers from Macao Special Administrative Region between 2002 and 2020.

Objective: This study examined temporal trends in physical fitness among preschool children aged 3-5 years from the Macao Special Administrative Region, China between 2002 and 2020.

Methods: Representative repeated cross-sectional physical fitness data were collected in 2002, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020 ( = 4514). Body size (height, weight, and chest, waist and hip circumferences) and physical fitness (2x10-m shuttle run, standing long jump, walking balance, two-leg continuous jump, overhead throw, and sit-and-reach) were objectively measured.

The Role of Cheat Meals in Dieting: A Scoping Review of Physiological and Psychological Responses.

"Cheat" meals are characterized as a pause from energy restriction to allow relaxed ad libitum energy intake in a short period of time, usually as a single meal, a single day, or meals that spread across multiple days, such as over the weekend. Incorporating cheat meals has become a popular strategy in the diet and fitness communities, with individuals often indulging in large meals containing energy-dense foods. Proponents of this strategy typically suggest that intermittent periods of pauses in prolonged dieting might serve as a "mental break," "boost metabolism," or enhance exercise performance.

An evaluation framework for ambient digital scribing tools in clinical applications.

Ambient digital scribing (ADS) tools alleviate clinician documentation burden, reducing burnout and enhancing efficiency. As AI-driven ADS tools integrate into clinical workflows, robust governance is essential for ethical and secure deployment. This study proposes a comprehensive ADS evaluation framework incorporating human evaluation, automated metrics, simulation testing, and large language models (LLMs) as evaluators.

Adoption of artificial intelligence in healthcare: survey of health system priorities, successes, and challenges.

Importance: The US healthcare system faces significant challenges, including clinician burnout, operational inefficiencies, and concerns about patient safety. Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly generative AI, has the potential to address these challenges, but its adoption, effectiveness, and barriers to implementation are not well understood.

Objective: To evaluate the current state of AI adoption in US healthcare systems, assess successes and barriers to implementation during the early generative AI era.

Effects of pre-exercise snack bars with low- and high-glycemic index on soccer-specific performance: An application of continuous glucose monitoring.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of pre-exercise snack bars with different glycemic indices (GI) on soccer-specific performance. In a randomised crossover study design, 12 recreational soccer players consumed either low- or high-GI snack bars 1 h before 25 min small-sided game (SSG) training. Following the SSG training, the players' passing abilities were assessed using the Loughborough Soccer Passing Test (LSPT), followed by aerobic endurance capacities YOYO Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 (YYIRT), respectively.

Algorithm-Based Clinical Decision Support: Evolving Regulatory Landscape and Best Practices for Local Oversight.

The potential of algorithm-based clinical decision support (CDS) in healthcare continues to increase with the growing field of artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled CDS. The use of these technologies to support clinicians, patients, and health systems is still quite new, and to date, implementors and regulators are still identifying the best processes and practices to ensure the effective, safe, and equitable use of these technology solutions. To assist individuals and organizations interested in implementation of algorithm-based CDS and AI-enabled CDS in healthcare, this article reviews the important regulatory decisions that form the landscape within which algorithm-based CDS has emerged, modern governance frameworks used to oversee these CDS systems, nuances in evaluation and monitoring throughout the CDS life cycle, best practices for real-world implementation, safety and equity considerations, and avenues for future collaboration and innovation.

Effects of HIIT and sprint interval training on adiposity in overweight adults: a meta-analysis.

A meta-analysis was conducted to compare the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and sprint interval training (SIT) on body fat reduction in adults with overweight or obesity. Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, eight databases were searched, yielding 10 relevant studies involving 343 participants. Both HIIT and SIT significantly reduced body fat% (standardized mean difference [SMD]=-0.

Dietary Nitrate Supplementation and Exercise Performance: An Umbrella Review of 20 Published Systematic Reviews with Meta-analyses.

Background: Dietary nitrate (NO) supplementation is purported to benefit exercise performance. However, previous studies have evaluated this nutritional strategy with various performance outcomes, exercise tasks, and dosing regimens, often yielding inconsistent results that limit the generalizability of the findings.

Objective: We aimed to synthesize the available evidence regarding the effect of NO supplementation on 11 domains of exercise performance.

Ethics in Patient Preferences for Artificial Intelligence-Drafted Responses to Electronic Messages.

Importance: The rise of patient messages sent to clinicians via a patient portal has directly led to physician burnout and dissatisfaction, prompting uptake of artificial intelligence (AI) to alleviate this burden. It is important to understand patient preferences around AI in patient-clinician communication as ethical guidelines on appropriate use and disclosure (patient notification of AI use) are developed.

Objective: To analyze patient preferences regarding use of AI in electronic messages.

Application of unified health large language model evaluation framework to In-Basket message replies: bridging qualitative and quantitative assessments.

Objectives: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly utilized in healthcare, transforming medical practice through advanced language processing capabilities. However, the evaluation of LLMs predominantly relies on human qualitative assessment, which is time-consuming, resource-intensive, and may be subject to variability and bias. There is a pressing need for quantitative metrics to enable scalable, objective, and efficient evaluation.

Effects of high-intensity interval rope-skipping on cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, and enjoyment in young adults.

Background/objective: Rope skipping is a cost-effective, moderate-to-vigorous-intensity aerobic exercise. While high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) are known to improve cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in labs, their effects in free-living conditions with rope skipping in young adults are unclear. The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of HIIE and MICE using rope skipping on CRF, body composition, and enjoyment in young adults.

Efficacy of high-intensity interval training in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has gained attention as a potentially effective alternative to traditional exercise modalities for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Previous studies have evaluated this exercise strategy with various regimens, comparator groups and outcomes, limiting the generalisability of findings. We performed a novel umbrella review to generate an up-to-date synthesis of the available evidence regarding the effect of HIIT on glycaemic control and other clinically relevant cardiometabolic health outcomes in individuals with T2DM, as compared with traditional moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) and/or non-exercise control (CON).

Effects of low-volume court-based sprint interval training on aerobic capacity and sport-specific endurance performance in competitive tennis players.

Sprint interval training (SIT) is a potent exercise strategy to enhance athletes' aerobic capacity in a time-efficient manner. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a low-volume court-based SIT program on aerobic capacity and sport-specific endurance performance for competitive tennis players. Sixteen competitive collegiate tennis players were randomly assigned to the SIT (court-based repeated-sprint training) and traditional endurance training (ET; 45-min continuous treadmill running) groups for a 6-week intervention (3 sessions/week).

Performance of respiratory gated 4D flow MRI with adaptive k-space reordering in healthy controls and aortic dissection: reproducibility and agreement with 2D phase contrast MRI.

A four-dimensional phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging sequence with respiratory-controlled adaptive k-space reordering (ReCAR-4DPC) offers potential benefits of improved scan efficiency and motion robustness. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility of flow measurement using this technique and to compare hemodynamic metrics obtained to two-dimensional phase contrast MRI (2DPC)-derived metrics of the thoracic aorta. ReCAR-4DPC was performed with identical scan parameters in 15 healthy volunteers (6M,9F, mean [range] 37 [23-47] years) and 11 patients with thoracic aortic dissection (6M,5F, 56 [31-81] years) and acquisition time was recorded.

Parent coaching to target language outcomes for Chinese-learning autistic preschoolers: A preliminary study.

Purpose: The present study evaluates the preliminary effectiveness of a parent-implemented support program to enhance language outcomes in Chinese-learning preschoolers with a confirmed diagnosis or at elevated likelihood of autism, a lifelong neurodevelopmental condition. The program is delivered entirely online with the option of a group format. Because of cross-cultural differences in adult learning and parent-child interaction and because parent coaching programs for autism that are delivered online are only emerging, a specific study to evaluate the effectiveness of online support for Chinese families is warranted.

The Youth Fitness International Test (YFIT) battery for monitoring and surveillance among children and adolescents: A modified Delphi consensus project with 169 experts from 50 countries and territories.

Background: Physical fitness in childhood and adolescence is associated with a variety of health outcomes and is a powerful marker of current and future health. However, inconsistencies in tests and protocols limit international monitoring and surveillance. The objective of the study was to seek international consensus on a proposed, evidence-informed, Youth Fitness International Test (YFIT) battery and protocols for health monitoring and surveillance in children and adolescents aged 6-18 years.

High-intensity interval training for improving cardiometabolic health in children and adolescents: An umbrella review of systematic reviews.

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is an emerging exercise strategy to improve health and fitness, but previous studies have evaluated HIIT interventions across different populations and outcomes. This review aimed to comprehensively synthesize published evidence on the effects of HIIT on key cardiometabolic health parameters in children and adolescents. We searched seven databases until February 2024.

Light Walking Patterns and Postprandial Cardiometabolic Responses in Young Obese Adults: A Randomized Crossover Study.

Context: Recent studies suggest that light-intensity physical activity may enhance cardiometabolic health and reduce mortality risk in adults. However, more information is required to understand the patterns of light-intensity physical activity and postprandial cardiometabolic health.

Objective: This study examined the effects of different light-intensity walking patterns on postprandial cardiometabolic responses in young obese adults.