A new concept and surgical approach for Chiari malformation type I based on the protection and strengthening of the myodural Bridge.

Chiari malformation type I (CM-I) is the most common subtype of Chiari malformation which can lead to brainstem compression and alterations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow. Common complications in patients undergoing traditional surgical approach include pseudomeningocele, CSF leak, and exacerbation of symptoms. The authors present a new minimally invasive surgery technique for protection and strengthening of the myodural bridge (MDB) in order to prevent the postoperative complications.

Effect of Sevoflurane Anesthesia on Intraoperative Spikes, High-Frequency Oscillations, and Phase-Amplitude Coupling in MRI-Normal Hippocampus.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of sevoflurane anesthesia on spikes, high-frequency oscillations (HFOs), and phase-amplitude coupling using a modulation index in MRI-normal hippocampus, with the aim of evaluating the utility of intraoperative electrocorticography in identifying the epileptogenic hippocampus during sevoflurane administration.

Methods: Eleven patients with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy with a normal hippocampus on MRI underwent extra-operative electrocorticography evaluation. Patients were assigned to the Ictal (+) or Ictal (-) group depending on whether the parahippocampal gyrus was included in the seizure onset zone.

Fabrication of -GaO Nanotubes via Sacrificial GaSb-Nanowire Templates.

-GaO nanostructures are attractive wide-band-gap semiconductor materials as they exhibit promising photoelectric properties and potential applications. Despite the extensive efforts on -GaO nanowires, investigations into -GaO nanotubes are rare since the tubular structures are hard to synthesize. In this paper, we report a facile method for fabricating -GaO nanotubes using pre-synthesized GaSb nanowires as sacrificial templates.

Evaluation of biomarkers for doxorubicin‑induced cardiac injury in rats.

Drug-induced cardiotoxicity is a leading cause of failure in drug development and predicting its occurrence in non-clinical studies is the primary preventive measure. The present study aimed to evaluate the changes in biomarkers during acute and chronic myocardial injury induced by doxorubicin (DOX) in rats. A rat model of acute myocardial injury was established through a single-dose, intraperitoneal injection of DOX (40 mg/kg), the changes in biomarkers were measured at 2, 4, 8 and 24 h after administration, following DOX administration, creatine kinase (CK) and fatty acid-binding protein 3 (FABP3) levels increased between 8 and 24 h, whereas cardiac troponin I (cTnI) peaked at 8 h.

RIP2 knockdown inhibits cartilage degradation and oxidative stress in IL-1β-treated chondrocytes via regulating TRAF3 and inhibiting p38 MAPK pathway.

Receptor-interacting protein 2 (RIP2) is a key mediator implicated in multiple cellular processes, and its dysregulation has been recently reported in colitis, asthma and other inflammatory diseases. However, the effects of RIP2 on osteoarthritis (OA) and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we found that RIP2 expression was upregulated in human articular cartilage tissues with OA and interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-treated chondrocytes.

Rational Construction of a N, F Co-doped Mesoporous Cobalt Phosphate with Rich-Oxygen Vacancies for Oxygen Evolution Reaction and Supercapacitors.

Transition-metal phosphates have been widely applied as promising candidates for electrochemical energy storage and conversion. In this study, we report a simple method to prepare a N, F co-doped mesoporous cobalt phosphate with rich-oxygen vacancies by in-situ pyrolysis of a Co-phosphate precursor with NH cations and F anions. Due to this heteroatom doping, it could achieve a current density of 10 mA/cm at lower overpotential of 276 mV and smaller Tafel slope of 57.

Rational Design of a N,S Co-Doped Supermicroporous CoFe-Organic Framework Platform for Water Oxidation.

It remains a challenge to rational design of a new metal-organic framework (MOF) as highly efficient direct electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein, we developed a simple and effective method to explore a new pillared-layered MOF with syringic acid as a promising OER electrocatalyst. The isostructural mono-, heterobimetallic MOF and N,S co-doped MOF by mixing thiourea were quickly synthesized in a high yield under solvothermal condition.

Endothelin B receptor promotes the proliferation and immune escape of malignant gliomas.

Purpose: As a kind of difficult to cure tumour, malignant gliomas have attracted widespread attention. The proliferation and immune escape of tumour cells were closely related to the development of malignant gliomas. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of endothelin B receptor (NTBR) in gliomas.

Alkaloids from Lycoris caldwellii and their particular cytotoxicities against the astrocytoma and glioma cell lines.

Phytochemical investigation of the ethanol extract of the bulbs of Lycoris caldwellii afforded four new alkaloids, (+)-N-methoxylcarbonyl-nandigerine (1), (+)-N-methoxycarbonyl-lindcarpine (2), (+)-10-O-methylhernovine N-oxide (3), and (+)-3-hydroxy-anhydrolycorine N-oxide (4). Structural elucidation of all the compounds were performed by spectral methods such as 1D and 2D (¹H-¹H COSY, HMQC, and HMBC) NMR spectroscopy, in addition to high resolution mass spectrometry. All the alkaloids were in vitro evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against eight tumor cell lines (BEN-MEN-1, CCF-STTG1, CHG-5, SHG-44, U251, BGC-823, HepG2, and SK-OV-3).