Choriocapillaris perfusion assessed using optical coherence tomography angiography depends on eye color and projection artifact removal.

Aim: To study variation of choriocapillaris perfusion displayed with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in dependence of the eye pigmentation.

Methods: Healthy individuals and patients with resolved central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) with blue or brown eyes were enrolled in this study. Analysis of choriocapillaris flow voids number was performed based on averaged 3 mm OCTA scans with and without projection artifact removal (PAR).

Direct navigated focal laser photocoagulation of choroidal neovascularization in central serous chorioretinopathy.

Aim: To report the efficacy and safety of navigated focal laser photocoagulation (FLP) in the management of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) complicated by choroidal neovascularization (CNV).

Materials And Methods: This interventional case series included patients with CSCR complicated by CNV, defined as the presence of characteristic OCT angiography features. All patients underwent FLP targeting the area of CNV, using the navigated laser system followed by a minimum six-month follow-up.

Iris Microcirculation After Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty: A Pilot Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Study.

Background: This research was conducted to study changes in iris microcirculation using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma after selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT).

Methods: All patients received standard SLT. OCTA examination of the iris was performed before SLT and one day and seven days after SLT using RTVue-XR with a 3 mm scan pattern and follow-up function.

Status of papillomacular bundle in optic disc pit associated with maculopathy.

Purpose: To study the status of papillomacular bundle (PMB) in eyes with optic disc pit.

Methods: Electronical medical records and optical coherence tomography (OCT) data of patients with optic disc pit were retrospectively reviewed. The PMB defect was measured on structural en face OCT projections.

Central Serous Chorioretinopathy and Ocular Comorbidities.

/: Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is a common retinopathy that can present with other concurrent diseases; thus, further research into the prevalence of other ocular comorbidities in eyes with CSCR is required. : This retrospective, multicentric, cross-sectional observational study reviewed the charts of 9157 patients. Of them, 579 (6.

Salivary steroids in acute central serous chorioretinopathy.

Purpose: To analyze levels of salivary steroids, including 17-OH-progesterone (17-OHP), androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone, cortisol, cortisone, progesterone, testosterone, and estradiol, in patients with acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) patients.

Methods: Acute CSCR patients and healthy individuals were included in this observational case-control study. Levels of salivary steroids were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry detection.

Microsecond Pulsing Laser for Choroidal Neovascularization Associated with Central Serous Chorioretinopathy.

Purpose: To analyze the efficacy and safety of microsecond pulsing laser therapy (MLT) in the management of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) complicated by choroidal neovascularization (CNV).

Methods: Patients with CSCR complicated by CNV defined as the presence of characteristic OCT angiography features were randomly assigned to either study or control group. All patients of the study group underwent MLT targeting CNV area using navigated laser system followed by at least 6-month follow-up.

FACTORS DEFINING DENSITY OF RETINAL MACROPHAGE-LIKE CELLS DISPLAYED WITH OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY.

Purpose: To study the factors that define the density of macrophage-like cells (MLC) of the inner retinal surface in healthy eyes.

Methods: Healthy individuals, including candidates for laser in situ keratomileusis surgery, and post-laser in situ keratomileusis patients were included. Density of MLC was calculated using structural en face projections of optical coherence tomography angiography scans.

Topical bromfenac in VEGF-driven maculopathies: topical review and meta-analysis.

Background: Topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have the potential to reduce treatment burden and improve outcomes of anti-VEGF therapy for a number of retinal disorders, including neovascular age-related macular degeneration, diabetic macular edema, and retinal vein occlusions. In this review, we focused on the advantages of topical bromfenac as an adjunct to intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy in VEGF-driven maculopathies.

Methods: Cochrane Library, PubMed, and EMBASE were systematically reviewed to identify the relevant studies of neovascular age-related macular degeneration, diabetic macular edema, macular edema associated with retinal vein occlusion, myopic choroidal neovascularization, and radiation maculopathy which reported changes in central retinal thickness, visual acuity, and the number of anti-VEGF injections needed when anti-VEGF therapy was combined with topical bromfenac.

A phase III, multicentre, randomised, investigator-masked, cross-over, comparative, non-inferiority trial evaluating the efficacy and tolerability of generic preservative-free Latanoprost (Polpharma S.A.) compared to Xalatan (Pfizer) in patients with ocular hypertension or primary open-angle glaucoma.

Background: Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), often associated with increased intraocular pressure (IOP), can lead to permanent damage of the optic nerve, concomitant visual field loss, and blindness. Latanoprost, a prostaglandin F2α analogue, reduces IOP and is used to treat glaucoma. In this clinical trial, we evaluated the efficacy of Latanoprost Polpharma, a generic preservative-free latanoprost 0.

Involvement of Sclera in Lattice Retinal Degeneration: An Optical Coherence Tomography Study.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the local status of the sclera in lattice retinal degeneration. Patients with lattice degeneration, snail-track degeneration, or horseshoe retinal breaks were included. One lesion of a single eye in each patient was captured with cross-sectional optical coherence tomography (OCT) along and across the greatest lesion dimension.

SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY WITH CHLORIN E6 IN CHRONIC CENTRAL SEROUS CHORIORETINOPATHY.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with chlorin E6 in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy.

Methods: In this single-center retrospective cohort study, all patients received standard PDT with 6 mg of chlorin E6 (Fotoran E6) for each m 2 of body surface area with 50 J/cm 2 fluence and a treatment time of 83 seconds. The changes in central retinal thickness, subfoveal choroidal thickness, and best-corrected visual acuity were evaluated at the end of the follow-up.

Efficacy and Safety of Cataract Surgery-Assisted Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty: A Pilot Study.

Purpose: To evaluate the intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering effect and safety of selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) with same-day cataract surgery which we named cataract surgery-assisted selective laser trabeculoplasty (CAST) compared to conventional SLT and cataract surgery as standalone procedures.

Methods: Patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and cataract were included in this prospective interventional study. All patients received either a CAST procedure, standard SLT, or standard cataract surgery.

Spotlight on Lattice Degeneration Imaging Techniques.

Lattice degeneration (LD), routinely diagnosed with indirect ophthalmoscopy, is one of the most common and clinically significant peripheral retinal findings. In this review, we have summarized the data on currently available imaging techniques which help to improve diagnosis and our understanding of LD pathogenesis. Ultra-wide field imaging provides reliable color fundus capturing for the primary diagnosis of LD and may also be used as a screening tool.

Prevalence of choroidal nevi in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy.

Background: A number of articles report the association of polypoidal lesions and choroidal nevi; however, the relationship between choroidal nevi and pachychoroidal disorders has not been studied.

Objectives: To study the prevalence of choroidal nevi in central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) patients and to elucidate potential differences in the clinical characteristics of CSCR in patients with and without choroidal nevi.

Design: Case-control study.

MULTIMODAL IMAGING IN NONEXUDATIVE CHOROIDAL NEOVASCULARIZATION: A Pilot Study of Status of Retinal Pigment Epithelium.

Purpose: To study the status of retinal pigment epithelium in nonexudative and active choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

Methods: Only treatment-naïve neovascular age-related macular degeneration patients were enrolled in this prospective case-control study, including 17 eyes with nonexudative CNV (6 males and 11 females, 74.9 ± 10.

OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY IMAGING OF RETINAL MACROPHAGE-LIKE CELLS IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE EVANESCENT WHITE DOT SYNDROME.

Purpose: To analyze the changes of macrophage-like cells (MLCs) on the inner retinal surface associated with multiple evanescent white dot syndrome using optical coherence tomography.

Methods: Four eyes of four patients with multiple evanescent white dot syndrome were examined and followed with multimodal imaging, including optical coherence tomography angiography, to visualize MLC on en face structural projections.

Results: On en face structural optical coherence tomography angiography projection at presentation, all multiple evanescent white dot syndrome eyes showed a decrease of the nearest neighbor distance of MLC within the region of interest and an increase of MLC density in the perifovea compared with the fellow unaffected eye.

Pulsatile Ocular Blood Flow Registered with Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Patients with High Intraocular Pressure.

Purpose: To present a series of cases demonstrating pulsatile ocular blood flow registered with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and to describe the clinical characteristics of this phenomenon.

Methods: Seven primary open-angle glaucoma patients (eight eyes) were included, with a median age of 67.0 years (range, 39-73 years), who demonstrated alternating hypointense bands of OCTA flow signal on the macular scan at increased intraocular pressure (IOP).

Photoreceptor outer segment layer thinning as a biomarker in acute central serous chorioretinopathy.

Background: The photoreceptor outer segment (PROS) layer demonstrates focal thinning above the fluorescein leakage in acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC); however, the nature of this phenomenon is not known.

Objectives: To study the relationship between the PROS layer and thickness of the outer retinal layers above the fluorescein leakage in newly diagnosed acute CSC.

Design: Single-center retrospective study.

Multimodal Imaging Based Predictors for the Development of Choroidal Neovascularization in Patients with Central Serous Chorioretinopathy.

This study evaluated predictors for choroidal neovascularization (CNV) associated with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) based on multimodal imaging. A retrospective multicenter chart review was conducted on 134 eyes of 132 consecutive patients with CSCR. Eyes were classified as per the multimodal imaging-based classification of CSCR at baseline into simple/complex CSCR and primary episode/recurrent/resolved CSCR.

Lattice Degeneration Imaging with Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.

Purpose: To describe a series of cases of lattice degeneration of the retina imaged with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: Four eyes of four patients were included and evaluated with green reflectance using a confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy and OCTA. In each case, the microcirculation of the retina and choriocapillaris within the lesion, as well as choroidal thickness beneath the lesion, were assessed.

Association of Resolved Paracentral Acute Middle Maculopathy Lesions with Diabetic Retinopathy.

Purpose: To evaluate the association between paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) lesions and diabetic retinopathy (DR) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: Thirteen diabetic patients without DR, 13 patients with mild nonproliferative DR (NPDR), 18 patients with moderate-to-severe NPDR, and 20 patients with proliferative DR (PDR) were included in this retrospective study. For each patient, 6 mm × 6 mm macular OCTA scans of both eyes were reviewed for the presence of acute and resolved PAMM lesions.

Unusual Trigger for Contractile Movements of Optic Disc in Peripapillary Staphyloma.

Purpose: To report a case of contractile movements of the optic disc in peripapillary staphyloma.

Methods: A 65-year-old female received a comprehensive ophthalmic examination, multimodal imaging, and computed tomography.

Results: The patient was diagnosed with peripapillary staphyloma in her right eye.

Retinal Macrophage-Like Cells as a Biomarker of Inflammation in Retinal Vein Occlusions.

Aim: To study the macrophage-like cells (MLC) of the inner retinal surface in eyes with retinal vein occlusions (RVO) and the association of MLC with clinical characteristics of RVO. Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, the medical records and multimodal imaging data of treatment-naïve patients with unilateral RVO and no abnormalities of vitreoretinal interface electronic were reviewed and analyzed. To visualize MLC, structural projections of optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography scans within a slab between two inner limiting membrane segmentation lines (with 0 and −9 µm offset) were evaluated.

Accommodation Is Decreased in Eyes with Acute Central Serous Chorioretinopathy.

Significance: This is a case-control study showing changes in accommodation in eyes with acute central serous chorioretinopathy. We found that decreased accommodative amplitude in the affected eyes may indicate suppression of parasympathetic activity in those eyes as one of the pathophysiological mechanisms controlling choroidal thickness and perfusion.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the changes of accommodation in patients with acute central serous chorioretinopathy.