Pancreatogenic Type 3c Diabetes After Major Pancreatic Resections for Chronic Pancreatitis: A Single-Center Experience of More than 100 Surgical Cases.

The impact of surgical resection for chronic pancreatitis on subsequent endocrine outcomes remains unclear. A single-center analysis of patients with chronic pancreatitis who underwent either a parenchymal-preserving surgery (PPS) or a total pancreatectomy (TP) with/without islet autotransplantation (IAT) between 2018 and 2024 was performed. Preoperative and postoperative changes in hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) and long-acting insulin dose were compared.

Nanocomposite GelMA Bioinks: Toward Next-Generation Multifunctional 3D-Bioprinted Platforms.

The convergence of nanotechnology and bioprinting is redefining the landscape of tissue engineering, with nanocomposite gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) bioinks emerging as a transformative platform for the biofabrication of multifunctional tissue-specific constructs. GelMA, a photocrosslinkable hydrogel, has rapidly gained attention due to its intrinsic bioactivity, tunable mechanical properties, and compatibility with living cells. However, despite its wide applicability regenerating muscle, cartilage, bone, vascular, cardiac, and neural tissues, native GelMA suffers from limited mechanical strength and insufficient biofunctionality to recapitulate the complexity of specialized tissues.

Multimodal Analgesia in Cardiothoracic Procedure: Opioid and Non-opioid Pharmacology for Pain Management: Part 1.

Pain in the context of cardiothoracic surgery can be attributed to multiple factors. Furthermore, cardiothoracic procedure-related pain can be significant and can lead to multiple morbidities including chronic pain syndromes when left undertreated. Even though opioids remain mainstay of treatment for these procedures, opioid-sparing techniques utilizing a well-developed multimodal regimen can be important in the proper pain management of this patient population.

Prognostic factors and treatment outcomes of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) of the extremities: A tertiary cancer institutional analysis.

Introduction: Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is an uncommon and aggressive ectomesenchymal soft tissue sarcoma that usually originates from peripheral nerves or pre-existing neurofibromas. These tumors are recognised for their high metastatic risk and challenging cases to treat. The purpose of this study was to analyse the factors impacting patient prognosis and treatment options by analysing treatment results and prognostic factors in patients with MPNST of the extremities.

Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis of unknown Etiology in a type 2 diabetic patient.

Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis is a rare form of DKA characterized by severe ketosis and metabolic acidosis without marked hyperglycemia. We report a 45-year-old female with insulin-dependent diabetes and chronic kidney disease, initially presenting with acute heart failure, who later developed euglycemic DKA. Despite near-normal glucose levels, high anion gap metabolic acidosis with significant ketones highlighted this crisis.

Outcomes of Intravenous Ganciclovir Administration via an Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy Program: A Single-Center Experience.

Background: Intravenous (IV) ganciclovir is used in the management of herpesvirus infections, including cytomegalovirus (CMV). Ganciclovir is usually administered inpatient given the need for close monitoring of laboratory parameters.

Objective: This study describes our experience with administering IV ganciclovir via an outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) program.

Surface scanning and imaging in craniofacial surgery.

Purpose Of Review: This review describes recent innovations in craniofacial imaging, focusing on emerging techniques such as 3D photogrammetry, smartphone-based scanning, and artificial intelligence applied to cephalometric assessments in facial plastic and reconstructive surgery.

Recent Findings: Traditional methods like occipitofrontal circumference and cephalic index remain widely used, but newer, more precise technologies have recently emerged. 3D photogrammetry is a reproducible, safe, and noninvasive alternative, offering detailed cranial modeling using external landmarks.

Combined linaclotide and polyethylene glycol electrolyte for colonoscopy preparation: a network meta-analysis of 14 randomized controlled trials.

Purpose: Recent evidence supports linaclotide (Lin) for colonoscopy preparation. This network meta-analysis evaluates the combination of different pill numbers of Lin with polyethylene glycol (PEG) (high and low volumes in liters (L)) for bowel cleansing.

Methods: This systematic review and frequentist network meta-analysis, conducted in October 2024, assessed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from Scopus, PubMed, Cochrane, WOS, and Embase.

Relative roles of HCN4 and synaptic excitation in pyramidal neuron firing rates in a hyperactive Rheb-mTOR condition.

Objective: De novo somatic mutations in mTOR pathway genes during fetal development lead to focal malformation of cortical development (FMCD) and epilepsy. This FMCD is characterized by misplacement of enlarged pyramidal neurons displaying increased mTOR activity. Whether these neurons display enhanced excitability has remained an open question.

A role of silicon spacer for mandibular reconstruction in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma- A prospective evaluation.

Background: Although using a free flap with a microvascular technique is the gold standard of care, its use is limited in underdeveloped nations due to a lack of experience and resources. As a result, alloplastic materials and pedicled musculocutaneous flaps are commonly used in mandibular repair. Although numerous alloplastic materials have been employed with this flap, the majority of research has shown that they have a negative effect.

Perioperative Pain Management for Complex Pancreatic Resections for Patients with Chronic Pancreatitis.

Objectives: Pain control following surgery for chronic pancreatitis presents a significant challenge. Options like epidurals used in parenchymal preserving pancreatic surgery (PPS) are contraindicated in certain settings such as total pancreatectomy (TP) with islet cell auto-transplantation (IAT). Our aim is to assess the efficacy and safety of ketamine in these patients and compare it to that of epidural analgesia.

Artificial intelligence (AI) performance on pharmacy skills laboratory course assignments.

Objective: To compare pharmacy student scores to scores of artificial intelligence (AI)-generated results of three common platforms on pharmacy skills laboratory assignments.

Methods: Pharmacy skills laboratory course assignments were completed by four fourth-year pharmacy student investigators with three free AI platforms: ChatGPT, Copilot, and Gemini. Assignments evaluated were calculations, patient case vignettes, in-depth patient cases, drug information questions, and a reflection activity.

Assessment of a Polygenic Risk Score in Screening for Prostate Cancer.

Background: The incidence of prostate cancer is increasing. Screening with an assay of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) has a high rate for false positive results. Genomewide association studies have identified common germline variants in persons with prostate cancer, which can be used to calculate a polygenic risk score associated with risk of prostate cancer.

Salunke's GCRI surgical technique for neopatellar ligament reconstruction using hamstring tendon in proximal tibia tumour megaprosthesis.

Aims: Reconstruction of soft tissues and preservation of the extensor mechanism integrity provide a major challenge following resection of the proximal tibia tumours. We propose a novel surgical technique for neopatellar ligament reconstruction using hamstring tendon in proximal tibia tumour cases. This study details the surgical technique, early clinical and radiological outcomes, and the potential long-term benefits of this innovative reconstructive approach following proximal tibia megaprosthesis implantation.

Recent Advancements in Chitosan-Based Biomaterials for Wound Healing.

Chitosan is a positively charged natural polymer with several properties conducive to wound-healing applications, such as biodegradability, structural integrity, hydrophilicity, adhesiveness to tissue, and bacteriostatic potential. Along with other mechanical properties, some of the properties discussed in this review are antibacterial properties, mucoadhesive properties, biocompatibility, high fluid absorption capacity, and anti-inflammatory response. Chitosan forms stable complexes with oppositely charged polymers, arising from electrostatic interactions between (+) amino groups of chitosan and (-) groups of other polymers.

Normal bronchial field basal cells show persistent methylome-wide impact of tobacco smoking, including in known cancer genes.

Lung carcinogenesis is causally linked to cigarette smoking, in part by epigenetic changes. We tested whether accumulated epigenetic change in smokers is apparent in bronchial basal cells as cells of origin of squamous cell carcinoma. Using an EM-seq platform covering 53.

Functional brain connectivity of the salience network in alcohol use and anxiety disorders.

The interplay between alcohol use disorder (AUD) and anxiety disorders (ANX) is well-documented, yet the underlying neurobiological mechanisms remain elusive. This study aims to elucidate these mechanisms by examining the resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) within the salience network and to the amygdala, both implicated in alcohol and anxiety disorders. We analyzed data from 264 inpatient participants culled from a wider group of 518 inpatients at The Menninger Clinic in Houston, TX, categorized into four groups (n = 66 each) based on DSM-IV diagnoses: AUD without ANX (AUD), ANX without AUD (ANX), concurrent AUD and ANX (BOTH), and neither (NEITHER).

NutriSighT: Interpretable Transformer Model for Dynamic Prediction of Hypocaloric Enteral Nutrition in Mechanically Ventilated Patients.

Achieving adequate enteral nutrition among mechanically ventilated patients is challenging, yet critical. We developed NutriSighT, a transformer model using learnable positional coding to predict which patients would achieve hypocaloric nutrition between days 3-7 of mechanical ventilation. Using retrospective data from two large ICU databases (3,284 patients from AmsterdamUMCdb - development set, and 6,456 from MIMIC-IV - external validation set), we included adult patients intubated for at least 72 hours.

Prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors in high-risk Kyrgyzstan population as compared to Indians - An Indo-Kyrgyz cardiometabolic study.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the most prevalent causes of mortality worldwide, especially significant in low- and middle-income countries. Kyrgyzstan and India represent such nations that face a huge burden of CVD-related deaths globally. Understanding the prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) in these populations is critical for effective prevention and management strategies.

Health literacy and tobacco cessation among hypertensive individuals: A mixed method study.

Background: Hypertension and tobacco addiction are two major public health challenges in India that frequently coexist. About 30% of Indian adults have hypertension, while over one-fourth use some form of tobacco. So, the present study aimed to determine the prevalence and patterns of tobacco consumption and identify associated socio-demographic factors among hypertensive patients in urban India and also further explored patient perspectives regarding tobacco use through qualitative interviews.

Regulation of the Intestinal Stem Cell Pool and Proliferation in .

Understanding the regulation of somatic stem cells, both during homeostasis and in response to environmental challenges like injury, infection, chemical exposure, and nutritional changes, is critical because their dysregulation can result in tissue degeneration or tumorigenesis. The use of models such as the and mammalian adult intestines offers valuable insights into tissue homeostasis and regeneration, advancing our knowledge of stem cell biology and cancer development. This review highlights significant findings from recent studies, unveiling the molecular mechanisms that govern self-renewal, proliferation, differentiation, and regeneration of intestinal stem cells (ISCs).

A cross-sectional study of physiologic volar melanotic macules: Demographic, historical, clinical, and dermatoscopic features of a common yet neglected pigmentary variant in individuals with skin of color.

Background: Physiologic volar melanotic macules (P-VMM) are understudied. Trauma has been suggested as a predisposing factor. Little has been published over the last several decades.

An Audit on the Safety and Efficiency of Irrigation Fluid Disposal in Urology: Time to Implement Closed Waste Management Systems?

Efficient and safe disposal of irrigation fluid is critical in urological procedures due to high fluid volumes and exposure risks. This audit examines disposal practices using bucket and suction canister systems in a high-volume urology department in the UK and compares the findings with the potential implementation of an automated irrigation waste management system such as the Neptune® 3 (Stryker Corporation, Kalamazoo, Michigan). A retrospective audit of 224 procedures at Cheltenham General Hospital evaluated fluid disposal impacts on staff safety, operating room efficiency, and cost-effectiveness.

A protocol for immunostaining of macrophages in whole-mount mouse cornea, conjunctiva, and lacrimal gland.

The healthy lacrimal functional unit contains a resident macrophage population. Here, we present a protocol for immunofluorescent staining of macrophage markers, CD11b, F4/80, and CD206, in whole-mount mouse cornea, conjunctiva, and 50-μM-thick lacrimal gland section. We describe steps for dissection, fixation, permeabilization, and blocking.