Sociodemographic factors affecting presentation in pediatric rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Purpose: Evaluate impact of sociodemographic factors with visual acuity (VA) and macula status at presentation in pediatric rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and with single surgery anatomic success (SSAS), postoperative VA and 1-year lost to follow-up (LTFU).

Methods: Retrospective review of patients <18 years who presented with RRD between 2015-2024. Data on demographics (age, gender, race, ethnicity), area deprivation index (ADI), insurance status, rurality of residence and travel time to clinic were recorded.

Novel Risk Calculator Predicting Long-Term Survival in Pediatric Versus Adult Patients Diagnosed with Spinal Low-Grade Glioma: A Nationwide Analysis.

Background Context: Spinal low-grade gliomas (SLGGs) are rare, slow-growing central nervous system tumors affecting both pediatric and adult populations. Due to their rarity, their prognosis and optimal treatment strategies remain poorly defined, necessitating further investigation into age-related differences in outcomes and risk factors.

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate differences in treatment modalities and clinical outcomes between pediatric and adult SLGG patients.

Atrophy Growth Rates in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration Compared to Fellow Eyes with Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Purpose: To study the natural history and anatomic characteristics of geographic atrophy (GA) in eyes with dry age-related macular degeneration (dAMD) compared to fellow eyes with macular atrophy and concurrent neovascular AMD (nAMD) treated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections.

Methods: This is a single-center, retrospective chart review. Data were recorded at two time points (#1 and #2) one year apart.

Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling for Grade C Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy: An International Multicenter Study.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling on the anatomic and visual outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) with grade C proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR).

Design: Multicenter, interventional, clinical cohort study.

Subjects: Consecutive patients who underwent PPV for grade C PVR with a minimum of 6-month follow-up.

A history of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion predicts proximal junctional kyphosis after spinal deformity surgery.

Background: Proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) is a common complication following adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery and puts patients at an increased risk for neurological injury. As reoperation continues to be the mainstay treatment, there is utility in identifying independent preoperative risk factors for PJK development. The aim of this study was to determine whether a history of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) predicts increased incidence of PJK after ASD correction.

Early outcomes with virtual surgical planning software and patient-specific instrumentation in adult spinal deformity.

Objective: Software engineering innovations have led to the development of virtual surgical planning software (VSPS) for deformity correction. VSPS uses calibrated radiographs and machine learning predictive models to simulate postoperative spinopelvic parameters based on corrective techniques and anticipated compensatory/reciprocal changes. The authors aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of deformity correction in adult spinal deformity using VSPS and patient-specific rods manufactured based on a simulated plan.

Lumbar Fusion With Micro- & Nano-Textured, 3D Printed Porous Titanium Versus PEEK Interbody Cages in TLIF: A Single-Blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Study DesignProspective, randomized controlled study.ObjectiveAssess early radiological outcomes in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) with 3D-printed porous titanium (3DPPT) compared to PEEK.MethodsSingle-blinded prospective, randomized controlled trial comparing 1-2 level TLIF with micro- & nano-textured, 3DPPT vs PEEK cages from 11/2021 to 5/2023.

Separation surgery with cement-augmented short-segment fixation for spinal metastasis: early experience with carbon fiber-reinforced polyetheretherketone instrumentation.

Objective: The concept of hybrid therapy as separation surgery, followed by stereotactic radiation therapy or stereotactic body radiation therapy, is becoming the new standard of care in the management of metastatic epidural spinal cord compressions (MESCCs). Nevertheless, this new concept remains a form of palliative treatment, and surgical efforts to minimize morbidity and prolong survival serve to maximize palliation. Such strategies include short-segment fixation with cement augmentation, described as 1 level above and below the index level of the MESCC (single vertebral body level).

Durability of carbon fiber-reinforced PEEK spinal instrumentation in spine oncology: a single-institution longitudinal experience.

Objective: Carbon fiber-reinforced polyetheretherketone (CFR-PEEK) instrumentation is increasingly being used in patients with spine tumors as the body of literature supporting its benefit in local disease surveillance and radiation planning grows. Small single-institution experiences with short-term follow-up have yet to demonstrate issues with construct durability despite different biomechanical properties of CFR-PEEK compared to titanium. In this study the authors evaluated CFR-PEEK hardware failures in patients with surgically treated spine tumors who had long-term follow-up.

Risk calculator for long-term survival prediction of spinal chordoma versus chondrosarcoma: a nationwide analysis.

Purpose: Chordomas and chondrosarcomas are rare, aggressive spinal bone tumors with distinct origins, biological behavior, and treatment challenges, primarily due to their resistance to conventional chemotherapy and radiation. This study aimed to compare clinical characteristics, treatment strategies, and long-term outcomes between spinal chordoma and chondrosarcoma, and to develop a robust machine learning-based model for individualized survival prediction.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis using the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to identify patients diagnosed with spinal chordoma or chondrosarcoma from 2004 to 2017.

Evaluation of fusion status in patients with minimum 1-year survival post-oncologic spinal fusion.

Background Context: Oncologic patients have significant medical comorbidities which may impact arthrodesis after spine surgery. Furthermore, there is a paucity of published data describing fusion rates, and arthrodesis quality.

Purpose: In this study, we present institutional data for patients with minimum 1-year survival who underwent spinal fusion secondary to treatment of metastatic spine disease.

Modified Five-item Frailty Index (mFI-5) versus Grip Strength as predictors of length of stay, discharge to home, and early surgical complications in patients undergoing long segment fusion.

Objectives: In this paper, the authors aim to compare the ability of grip strength and the Modified Five-Item Frailty Index (mFI-5) to predict outcomes and complications in patients undergoing long segment spinal fusion.

Methods: An IRB-approved chart review was conducted to collect data on patient grip strength, comorbidities, and post-operative course. Hand grip strength was measured with the Camry Digital Hand Dynamometer.

Incidence, Management, and Outcomes of Eyes with Comorbid Active Uveitis and Central Serous Chorioretinopathy.

Purpose: To investigate the incidence, management, and outcomes of eyes with active uveitis and central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR).

Methods: Retrospective chart review.

Results: Of 4,034 patients diagnosed with uveitis during the 8-year study period, 20 (0.

Terahertz emission from giant optical rectification in a van der Waals material.

The exfoliation and stacking of two-dimensional van der Waals crystals have created unprecedented opportunities in the discovery of quantum phases. A major obstacle to the advancement of this field is the limited spectroscopic access due to a mismatch in the sample sizes (10-10 m) and the wavelengths (10-10 m) of electromagnetic radiation relevant to their low-energy excitations. Here we introduce ferroelectric semiconductor NbOI as a two-dimensional van der Waals material capable of operating as a van der Waals terahertz emitter.

Long-term Postural Stability Changes After Correction of Spinal Deformity: A Prospective, Controlled Pilot Study.

Study Design: Prospective cohort study.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the durability of postural stability after ASD correction surgery and its association with clinical outcomes.

Summary Of Background Data: The prevalence of symptomatic adult spinal deformity (ASD) necessitates surgical intervention, aiming to correct global spinal balance and spinopelvic parameters.

Creating chromaticity palettes and identifying white light emitters through nanocrystal megalibraries.

Halide perovskites are used to fabricate energy-efficient optoelectronic devices. Determining which compositions yield desired chromatic responses is challenging, especially when doping strategies are used. Here, we report a way of mapping the compositional space of halide perovskites to generate a light emission or "chromaticity" palette.

A prospective evaluation of cellular bone matrix for posterolateral lumbar fusion.

Introduction: Autograft bone is the gold standard graft used in posterolateral lumbar intertransverse fusion (PLF) but can be limited by supply and donor site morbidity. Cadaveric cellular allografts represent an alternative source of graft material that avoids these limitations.

Objective: To assess the safety and efficacy of ViviGenCellular Bone Matrix in comparison to autograft bone in PLF.

Programmed Death Ligand-1 in Melanoma and Extracellular Vesicles Promotes Local and Regional Immune Suppression through M2-like Macrophage Polarization.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play dual roles (both pro- and antitumor) in tumor progression. TAMs induce programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression in cancer cells. However, the regulatory effects of PD-L1 in melanoma cells on TAM phenotypical switching remain underexplored.

The effect of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy on fusion rate in spinal surgery using osteobiologics for patients with metastatic spinal disease: a systematic review.

Objective: To evaluate the impact that adjuvant therapies like radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy have on osteobiologic properties and bony regeneration in patients with metastatic spine disease (MSD) undergoing spinal fusion surgery.

Methods: PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov searches were performed.

Disparities Between Clinical Trial Recruitment and Real-World Demographics in Macular Edema Secondary to Retinal Vein Occlusion.

Purpose: Clinical trial cohorts frequently differ demographically from the overall population receiving treatment for the condition under study. Our study describes the racial, ethnic, and gender composition of the cohorts of retinal vein occlusion (RVO) macular edema (ME) clinical trials and compares this to the racial, ethnic, and gender composition of patients undergoing treatment for ME secondary to RVO from the (Intelligent Research in Sight) IRIS Registry.

Design: Retrospective observational case series Subjects: Participants in RVO-ME clinical trials that met the following inclusion criteria: conducted in the United States of America, Phase III completed, data reported between January 1, 2000, and January 1, 2020, and demographic information reported with results.