Paradoxical interaction between dalbavancin and β-lactams against endocarditis-associated Enterococcus faecalis clinical isolates.

Background: There are limited in vitro synergistic studies on dalbavancin against enterococci. We aimed to assess the in vitro activity of dalbavancin against Enterococcus faecalis strains, and to explore the interaction between dalbavancin and β-lactams.

Methods: MIC and MBC values were determined against a panel of 10 clinical isolates and two reference strains of E.

Cold Agglutinin Syndrome Secondary to Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection in Adults: Results From a Large French Observational Study (MyCOLD Study).

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP), primarily a respiratory pathogen, can cause extra-pulmonary manifestations including cold agglutinin syndrome (CAS). We conducted a national, multicenter, observational, ambispective study to describe the characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes of MP-associated CAS. Adult patients hospitalized for a MP-infection with CAS (hemolytic anemia with hemoglobin < 10 g/dL and C3 positive direct anti-globulin test) were included.

Thoracic Ultrasound for Acute Dyspnea in Interstitial Lung Disease.

Lung ultrasound (LUS) can be used at follow-up for patients with stable interstitial lung disease (ILD). LUS could also help guide the diagnosis of etiology for acute respiratory episodes. We conducted a prospective, one-center, observational study including patients with ILD hospitalized in the pulmonology unit or in the intensive care unit of the Tours University Hospital for acute dyspnea.

Chest tube drainage versus repeated therapeutic thoracentesis for the management of pleural infections: a retrospective multicentre propensity-matched study.

Background: Drainage of infected pleural fluid is pivotal in the management of pleural infections, either by chest tube drainage (CTD) or repeated therapeutic thoracocentesis (RTT), in association with the use of intrapleural fibrinolytic therapy (IPFT) and DNase.

Methods: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and the safety of these two methods of pleural drainage. We conducted a multicenter retrospective study, which included all the patients who was hospitalized for suspected pleural infection in three university hospitals between 2012 and 2021 drained by CTD or RTT.

Ventriculitis characteristics and outcomes (VELCRO): an international retrospective cohort study.

Ventriculitis is a dreaded complication of central nervous system infections, which has been scarcely described in the literature. We aimed to present a contemporary picture of ventriculitis, describing its characteristics and outcomes across the spectrum of aetiologies that may lead to ventriculitis. VELCRO is an international retrospective multicentre cohort study conducted at 34 hospitals in six countries.

Real-world evidence of dalbavancin effectiveness as consolidation therapy in infective endocarditis due to Enterococcus spp.

Unlabelled: Enterococcal endocarditis (EIE) affects elderly patients, with high rates of complications and mortality, and dalbavancin (DBV) exhibits significant antimicrobial activity against most enterococci. However, data are lacking on the use of DBV in EIE. The main objective was to evaluate the outcomes of treatment with DBV in the consolidation therapy of IE by Enterococcus spp.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in adult inpatients during the 2023-24 outbreak in France (MYCADO): a national, retrospective, observational study.

Background: An epidemic of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection has been observed in France since September, 2023. We aimed to describe the characteristics of adults hospitalised for M pneumoniae infection and identify factors associated with severe outcomes of infection.

Methods: MYCADO is a retrospective observational study including adults hospitalised for 24 h or more in 76 hospitals in France for a M pneumoniae infection between Sept 1, 2023, and Feb 29, 2024.

Critically ill adult patients with acute leukemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: To describe the use of life-sustaining therapies and mortality in patients with acute leukemia admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods: The PubMed database was searched from January 1st, 2000 to July 1st, 2023. All studies including adult critically ill patients with acute leukemia were included.

β-Lactam Inoculum Effect in Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Infective Endocarditis.

Importance: Infective endocarditis (IE) caused by Staphylococcus aureus is associated with high mortality, approximately 20% to 30%, mostly in the first month, with no improvement in recent decades. Current opinion is that antistaphylococcal penicillin and cefazolin are equally effective in treating methicillin-susceptible S aureus (MSSA) IE, and both are recommended as possible first-line treatments. Most MSSA strains carry the β-lactamase blaZ gene, and some blaZ-positive strains exhibit an inoculum effect, meaning increased minimum inhibitory concentrations at high inoculum.

Convalescent plasma in patients receiving rituximab or ocrelizumab for multiple sclerosis or neuromyelitis Optica spectrum disorder with Covid-19: A multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Despite vaccination, patients receiving anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for multiple sclerosis (MS) or neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) have an increased risk of developing severe or protracted COVID-19. The aim of this study was to describe the effect of COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) in patients with MS or NMOSD exposed to anti-CD20 and infected by SARS-CoV-2.

Methods: This French national, retrospective cohort study was conducted between November 2020 and June 2023.

Pulmonary fibrosis in patients with autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis: a retrospective nationwide cohort study.

Background: Autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (aPAP) is a rare disease that may progress towards pulmonary fibrosis. Data about fibrosis prevalence and risk factors are lacking.

Methods: In this retrospective multicentre nationwide cohort, we included patients newly diagnosed with aPAP between 2008 and 2018 in France and Belgium.

Voriconazole as an alternative oral treatment in fluconazole-resistant urinary candidiasis.

Objectives: This study aims to assess the urinary diffusion and clinical effectiveness of voriconazole in patients with fluconazole-resistant urinary candidiasis.

Patients And Methods: In this prospective pilot study, we utilized a validated chromatography method to measure voriconazole in urine over a 12-hour period between two administrations of the drug and in plasma at trough.

Results: Thirty-five patients, including five with fluconazole-resistant urinary candidiasis, were included.

Infection in Patients With Anti-Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Autoantibodies: A Prospective Multicenter French Study.

Background: Nocardiosis, a bacterial opportunistic infection caused by spp, has recently been reported in patients with anti-granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) autoantibodies, but insufficient data are available about disease presentation, outcomes, and occurrence of autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (aPAP) in this population.

Methods: We performed a prospective, multicenter, nationwide study in France and included patients with a infection who had anti-GM-CSF autoantibodies. We describe their clinical, microbiological, and radiological characteristics, and their outcome at 1 year of follow-up.

Prognostic value of serum Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) levels in COVID-19 pneumonia.

Background And Objectives: Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6), expressed by damaged type II pneumocytes, is useful in the diagnosis and severity assessment of many diffuse interstitial lung diseases. The objective of our study was to determine the prognostic value of the initial KL-6 plasma level in COVID-19 pneumonia.

Methods: All patients hospitalized for a suspected COVID-19 pneumonia between March and May 2020 in our Chest department of a French university hospital were included.

Pleural penetration of amoxicillin and metronidazole during pleural infection: An ambispective cohort study.

Objectives: The pharmacokinetics of antibiotics in pleural fluid during pleural infections has been poorly described. This study aimed to explore amoxicillin and metronidazole diffusion into the pleural space.

Methods: This was an ambispective, single-centre study that included patients with complicated parapneumonic effusion or pleural empyema managed with repeated therapeutic thoracentesis as first-line treatment between 2014 and 2022.

Infections in autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis: a large retrospective cohort.

Background: Autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (aPAP) is a rare disease, predisposing to an increased risk of infection. A complete picture of these infections is lacking.

Research Question: Describe the characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients diagnosed with aPAP, and to identify risk factors associated with opportunistic infections.

Early detection of plasma d-lactate: Toward a new highly-specific biomarker of bacteraemia?

Background: Bloodstream infections are a leading cause of mortality. Their detection relies on blood cultures (BCs) but time to positivity is often between tens of hours and days. d-lactate is a metabolite widely produced by bacteria but very few in human.

B-cell malignancies and COVID-19: a narrative review.

Background: COVID-19 has been extensively characterized in immunocompetent hosts and to a lesser extent in immunocompromised populations. Among the latter, patients treated for B-cell malignancies have immunosuppression generated by B-cell lymphodepletion/aplasia resulting in an increased susceptibility to respiratory virus infections and poor response to vaccination. The consequence is that these patients are likely to develop severe or critical COVID-19.