Diagnostic yield of dental radiography and digital tomosynthesis for the identification of anatomic structures in dogs.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of a novel imaging modality, digital tomosynthesis (DT), for identification of predefined anatomic dental and maxillomandibular structures in dogs.

Methods: DT images were compared to conventional intraoral dental radiography (DR) for the diagnostic yield regarding the presence and quality of visualization of 35 structures. DT imaging and full mouth DR were obtained on 16 canine cadaver heads and a semi-quantitative scoring system was used to characterize the ability of each imaging method to identify the anatomic structures.

Diagnostic yield of dental radiography and digital tomosynthesis for the identification of anatomic structures in cats.

Introduction: Digital tomosynthesis (DT) has emerged as a potential imaging modality for evaluating anatomic structures in veterinary medicine. This study aims to validate the diagnostic yield of DT in identifying predefined anatomic structures in feline cadaver heads, comparing it with conventional intraoral dental radiography (DR).

Methods: A total of 16 feline cadaver heads were utilized to evaluate 19 predefined clinically relevant anatomic structures using both DR and DT.

Repair and remodeling of the mandibular head of the condylar process in four immature dogs.

Spontaneous repair and remodeling of the mandibular head of the condylar process is a rarely reported outcome following condylectomy. This clinical report describes the spontaneous repair and subsequent remodeling of the mandibular head of the condylar process in four immature dogs that sustained traumatic injuries, necessitating surgical intervention through arthroplasty via partial or complete condylectomy, or caudal mandibulectomy. In subsequent evaluations, it was observed that all dogs exhibited clinically functional TMJs, as evidenced by an appropriate range of motion.

Does Head and Neck Posture Affect Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Assessment of the Upper Airway?

Purpose: Radiographic analysis is often used as a screening tool to assess for risk of sleep-related breathing disorders. This study aimed to address 2 questions: (1) Does head posture significantly affect the minimum cross-sectional area (MCA)? and (2) Is the NBC3 (nasion-basion-C3) angle a reliable measurement to control for alteration of head position in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans?

Methods: Study design: prospective cohort study.

Setting: Private practices affiliated with a research institution.

Anatomy of the Mandible, Temporomandibular Joint, and Dentition.

Oral behavior encompasses active movement of the oral structures. The range and quality of oral behavior is essential for establishing and maintaining health and well-being. Key oral behaviors include breathing, chewing, swallowing, and speech.

Automated landmark identification on cone-beam computed tomography: Accuracy and reliability.

Objectives: To evaluate the accuracy and reliability of a fully automated landmark identification (ALI) system as a tool for automatic landmark location compared with human judges.

Materials And Methods: A total of 100 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were collected. After the calibration procedure, two human judges identified 53 landmarks in the x, y, and z coordinate planes on CBCTs using Checkpoint Software (Stratovan Corporation, Davis, Calif).

Condylar degeneration in anterior open bite patients: A cone beam computed tomography study.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of condylar degeneration in patients with anterior open bites (AOB).

Study Design: Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of 194 patients with AOB (108 with skeletal open bites and 86 with dental open bites) and 100 patients serving as controls were included in this retrospective study. Two oral and maxillofacial radiologists categorized each of the 588 condyles as normal, degenerative-active, or degenerative-repair.

The Diagnostic Yield of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography for Degenerative Changes of the Temporomandibular Joint in Dogs.

Degenerative changes of the temporomandibular joint (DTMJ) may be diagnosed via cone - beam computed tomography (CBCT). However, despite advancement in CBCT imaging, correlation of DTMJ features identified on CBCT with gross and histological findings is currently limited. This study aimed to correlate CBCT findings of DTMJ of dogs with gross and histopathologic changes.

Knee orthopedics as a template for the temporomandibular joint.

Although the knee joint and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) experience similar incidence of cartilage ailments, the knee orthopedics field has greater funding and more effective end-stage treatment options. Translational research has resulted in the development of tissue-engineered products for knee cartilage repair, but the same is not true for TMJ cartilages. Here, we examine the anatomy and pathology of the joints, compare current treatments and products for cartilage afflictions, and explore ways to accelerate the TMJ field.

Association between degenerative temporomandibular joint disorders, vertical facial growth, and airway dimension.

Background: The goal of this study was to determine whether preexisting degenerative temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders are associated with hyperdivergent facial phenotype and decreased airway dimensions.

Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography scans of adult female and male individuals, 16 years of age and older, distributed in a case group defined as those with degenerative temporomandibular joint disorder (dTMJD; n = 31) or controls with normal TMJ findings (n = 242) were included. Odds ratios were calculated based on facial type and gender.

Accuracy and reliability of the expected root position setup on clinical decision making of root position at midtreatment.

Introduction: Accurate root position is imperative for successful orthodontic treatment that is stable and functional. Current methods to monitor root position are either inaccurate or use relatively high levels of radiation. A method to generate an expected root position (ERP) setup has been reported to have the potential to accurately evaluate root position with minimal radiation.

Effect of maxillary expansion and protraction on the oropharyngeal airway in individuals with non-syndromic cleft palate with or without cleft lip.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate three dimensionally the effect of the combined maxillary expansion and protraction treatment on oropharyngeal airway in children with non-syndromic cleft palate with or without cleft lip (CP/L).

Methods: CBCT data of 18 preadolescent individuals (ages, 8.4 ± 1.

Diagnostic Yield of Dental Radiography and Cone-Beam Computed Tomography for the Identification of Anatomic Structures in Cats.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic yield of dental radiography (DR) and 3 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) methods for the identification of predefined anatomic structures in cats. For 5 feline cadaver heads and 22 client-owned cats admitted for evaluation and treatment of dental disease, a total of 22 predefined anatomic structures were evaluated separately by use of the DR method and 3 CBCT software modules [multiplanar reconstructions (MPR), tridimensional (3-D) rendering, and reconstructed panoramic views (Pano)]. A semi quantitative scoring system was used, and mean scores were calculated for each anatomic structure and imaging method.

The Diagnostic Yield of Dental Radiography and Cone-Beam Computed Tomography for the Identification of Dentoalveolar Lesions in Cats.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic yield of dental radiography (DR) and 3 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) software modules for the identification of 32 pre-defined dentoalveolar lesions in cats. For 5 feline cadaver heads and 22 client-owned cats admitted for evaluation and treatment of dental disease, 32 predefined dentoalveolar lesions were evaluated separately and scored by use of dental radiography and 3 CBCT software modules [multiplanar reconstructions (MPR), tridimensional (3-D) rendering, and reconstructed panoramic views]. A qualitative scoring system was used.

Accuracy and reliability of the expected root position setup methodology to evaluate root position during orthodontic treatment.

Introduction: Current methods to evaluate root position either are inaccurate (panoramic radiograph) or expose patients to relatively large amounts of radiation (cone-beam computed tomography [CBCT]). A method to evaluate root position by generating an expected root position (ERP) setup was recently reported but has not been validated. The purpose of this study was to quantitatively assess the accuracy and reliability of the ERP setup with adequate statistical power.

Tissue engineering toward temporomandibular joint disc regeneration.

Treatments for temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc thinning and perforation, conditions prevalent in TMJ pathologies, are palliative but not reparative. To address this, scaffold-free tissue-engineered implants were created using allogeneic, passaged costal chondrocytes. A combination of compressive and bioactive stimulation regimens produced implants with mechanical properties akin to those of the native disc.

Crowdsourced versus expert evaluations of the vesico-urethral anastomosis in the robotic radical prostatectomy: is one superior at discriminating differences in automated performance metrics?

Crowdsourcing from the general population is an efficient, inexpensive method of surgical performance evaluation. In this study, we compared the discriminatory ability of experts and crowdsourced evaluators (the Crowd) to detect differences in robotic automated performance metrics (APMs). APMs (instrument motion tracking and events data directly from the robot system) of anterior vesico-urethral anastomoses (VUAs) of robotic radical prostatectomies were captured by the dVLogger (Intuitive Surgical).

Evaluation of the diagnostic yield of dental radiography and cone-beam computed tomography for the identification of dental disorders in small to medium-sized brachycephalic dogs.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the diagnostic yield of dental radiography (Rad method) and cone-beam CT (CBCT) methods for the identification of 31 predefined dental disorders in brachycephalic dogs. ANIMALS 19 client-owned brachycephalic dogs admitted for evaluation and treatment of dental disease. PROCEDURES 31 predefined dental disorders were evaluated separately and scored by use of dental radiography and 3 CBCT software modules (serial CBCT slices and custom cross sections, tridimensional rendering, and reconstructed panoramic views).

Evaluation of the diagnostic yield of dental radiography and cone-beam computed tomography for the identification of anatomic landmarks in small to medium-sized brachycephalic dogs.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the diagnostic yield of dental radiography (Rad method) and 3 cone-beam CT (CBCT) methods for the identification of predefined anatomic landmarks in brachycephalic dogs. ANIMALS 19 client-owned brachycephalic dogs admitted for evaluation and treatment of dental disease. PROCEDURES 26 predefined anatomic landmarks were evaluated separately by use of the RAD method and 3 CBCT software modules (serial CBCT slices and custom cross sections, tridimensional rendering, and reconstructed panoramic views).

Integrative Genomic Analysis of Coincident Cancer Foci Implicates CTNNB1 and PTEN Alterations in Ductal Prostate Cancer.

Background: Ductal adenocarcinoma of the prostate is an aggressive subtype, with high rates of biochemical recurrence and overall poor prognosis. It is frequently found coincident with conventional acinar adenocarcinoma. The genomic features driving evolution to its ductal histology and the biology associated with its poor prognosis remain unknown.

Temporomandibular Joint Imaging.

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is an anatomically and biomechanically complex structure. Understanding how this structure grows and functions is essential to accurate radiographic evaluation. This article discusses the anatomy, function, and growth and development of the TMJ and how growth changes can affect the morphology of the craniofacial structures.

Robotic Parastomal Hernia Repair With Biologic Mesh.

Introduction: Parastomal hernia is a common and vexing problem after ileal conduit urinary diversion that can cause pain, bowel symptoms, and problems with the stoma appliance, resulting in leakage, odor, and impairment of quality of life. Historically, these hernias have been managed open surgically, which requires considerable dissection of the abdominal wall for mesh placement, and may also require relocating the stoma to the contralateral side. Further, open parastomal hernia repair can be a morbid procedure with recurrence rates of approximately 30%.

Development and Validation of Objective Performance Metrics for Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy: A Pilot Study.

Purpose: We explore and validate objective surgeon performance metrics using a novel recorder ("dVLogger") to directly capture surgeon manipulations on the da Vinci® Surgical System. We present the initial construct and concurrent validation study of objective metrics during preselected steps of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy.

Materials And Methods: Kinematic and events data were recorded for expert (100 or more cases) and novice (less than 100 cases) surgeons performing bladder mobilization, seminal vesicle dissection, anterior vesicourethral anastomosis and right pelvic lymphadenectomy.