Measurement and Sequelae of Neonatal Skin Injuries: A Prospective Diagnostic/Feasibility Study.

Neonatal skin injuries are common, but location and metric size contribute to inconsistent severity reporting. To date, non-invasive technologies remain unexplored for neonatal injuries. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and accuracy of visual assessment against three technologies for injuries to the skin from pressure, stripping and tearing.

After the bite: cellular responses to mosquito blood feeding.

Vial et al. performed single-cell transcriptomics and metabolomics of Aedes aegypti midgut and fat body tissues after blood feeding, characterizing novel cell types and markers, transcriptomic and metabolic responses to feeding, and insect-specific virus infection dynamics. This analysis reveals an intricate cellular ecosystem driving digestion, metabolism, reproduction, and immunity.

Expanding the DNA Motif Lexicon of the Transcriptional Regulatory Code.

Transcriptional regulatory sequences in metazoans contain intricate combinations of transcription factor (TF) motifs. Stereospecific arrangements of simple motifs constitute composite elements (CEs) that enhance DNA-protein interaction specificity and enable combinatorial regulatory logic. Despite their importance, CEs remain underexplored.

NAPRT expression and epigenetic regulation in pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma as a potential biomarker for NAMPT inhibition.

Purpose: New treatments are needed to improve survival in children with rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). NAD⁺ biosynthesis, regulated by the enzymes NAPRT and NAMPT, represents a metabolic vulnerability due to high NAD⁺ turnover in cancers. Although NAMPT inhibitors (NAMPTi) show preclinical promise, clinical translation has been limited by toxicity and the lack of predictive biomarkers.

Rapid intravenous symptom-inhibiting fentanyl induction (SIFI) to optimize rotation onto oral opioid agonist therapy among individuals who use unregulated fentanyl: protocol for an open-label, single arm clinical trial.

Background: Most opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment guidelines target community medical settings, and the subsequent recommendations were established to prioritize safety and reduce diversion prior to the fentanyl era. For people with OUD who use unregulated fentanyl, slow induction onto opioid agonist therapy (OAT) with gradual dose titration is often ineffective or insufficient for reducing withdrawal symptoms and cravings, thereby hampering engagement and retention in treatment. Given the severe risks associated with continued use of the increasingly toxic unregulated drug supply, new and innovative approaches to the management of OUD are urgently needed.

Comprehensive genomic profiling of over 10,000 advanced solid tumors.

Purpose: To summarize clinically relevant genomic alterations in solid tumor samples from over 10,000 patients.

Methods: Descriptive statistics were used to summarize findings of retrospectively analyzed OncoExTra assay data from solid tumor samples.

Results: The analysis cohort included 11,091 solid tumor samples from 10,768 patients.

CMR Left Ventricular Filling Pressure Exhibits Strong Haemodynamic Relevance and Outperforms Echocardiography in Multimodal Heart Failure Assessment.

Background: Left ventricular filling pressure (LVFP) is pivotal in heart failure management, yet non-invasive assessment remains challenging. While echocardiography is the first line, cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) offers enhanced accuracy. This study evaluates the interplay between CMR-derived LVFP and echocardiography, focusing on sex differences and correlations with N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP).

Computer prediction and genetic analysis identifies retinoic acid modulation as a driver of conserved longevity pathways in genetically-diverse nematodes.

Aging is a pan-metazoan process with significant consequences for human health and society-discovery of new compounds that ameliorate the negative health impacts of aging promise to be of tremendous benefit across a number of age-based comorbidities. One method to prioritize a testable subset of the nearly infinite universe of potential compounds is to use computational prediction of their likely anti-aging capacity. Here we present a survey of longevity effects for 16 compounds suggested by a previously published computational prediction set, capitalizing upon the comprehensive, multi-species approach utilized by the Intervention Testing Program (CITP).

The evolution of analytical techniques for multiplex analysis of protein biomarkers.

Introduction: The landscape of biomarker development has evolved with advanced analytical technologies, particularly affinity- and mass spectrometry-based techniques. These advancements have deepened our understanding of disease mechanisms, enabling the development of precise diagnostic tools and personalized medicine. Protein biomarkers, which play pivotal roles in biological processes, have become invaluable in diagnosing and monitoring diseases, aided by their presence in various biological samples and the availability of established detection methods.

Mosquito immune cells enhance dengue and Zika virus infection in Aedes aegypti.

Mosquito-borne arboviruses cause more than 400 million annual infections, yet despite their public health importance, the mechanisms by which arboviruses infect and disseminate in the mosquito host are not well understood. Here, we provide evidence that dengue virus and Zika virus actively infect Aedes aegypti hemocytes and demonstrate, through phagocyte depletion, that hemocytes facilitate virus infection to peripheral tissues including the ovaries and salivary glands. Adoptive transfer experiments further reveal that virus-infected hemocytes efficiently confer virus infection to naïve recipient mosquitoes.

Costs and Benefits of Whole-Exome, Whole-Transcriptome Sequencing in Patients With Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Purpose: With an increase in approved targeted therapies for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), tumor profiling that maximizes identification of patients eligible for these treatments is essential. In this study, we compare testing approaches for newly diagnosed advanced or metastatic NSCLC.

Methods: An economic model was developed to estimate the annual costs and clinical outcomes associated with testing alternatives.

The impact of genetic ancestry on survival outcomes in pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma: A report from the Children's Oncology Group.

Emerging evidence suggests genetic ancestry may influence childhood cancer outcomes, but its impact on pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is unknown. We explored genetic ancestry's impact on survival among children with RMS. This multi-center observational cohort study is a secondary analysis of previously collected biobanking, genomic, and clinical data.

Field Evaluation of Synthetic Components of the Sex Pheromone of the Tea Pest Mann (Hemiptera: Miridae).

is an emerging pest of tea and causes severe damage to tea plantations in China. The female of has been reported to produce a sex pheromone consisting of two components, hexyl (3)-3-acetoxybutyrate and (5)-1-acetoxy-5-butyroxyhexane, and lures containing the synthetic compounds have been shown to attract male to traps in the field. This is the first time that components of the sex pheromone have been identified for a species of bug, but their field application has not been evaluated in detail.

Intercostal nerve cryoablation as part of an opioid-sparing protocol reduces opioid and epidural use after lung transplant.

Background: Inadequate pain control after lung transplantation increases perioperative complications. Standard opioid-based regimens are associated with adverse effects and epidural catheters that reduce opioid use are limited by contraindications and technical challenges. We report the use of intercostal nerve cryoablation to enhance perioperative pain control as part of an opioid-sparing protocol for lung transplant recipients (LTR).

The PVD neuron has male-specific structure and mating function in .

Neurons display unique shapes and establish intricate networks, which may differ between sexes. In complex organisms, studying sex differences in structure and function of individual neurons is difficult. The nematode hermaphrodites and males present an exceptional model for studying neuronal morphogenesis in a simple, sexually dimorphic system.

Structural Diversity of Mitochondria in the Neuromuscular System across Development Revealed by 3D Electron Microscopy.

As an animal matures, its neural circuit undergoes alterations, yet the developmental changes in intracellular organelles to facilitate these changes is less understood. Using 3D electron microscopy and deep learning, the study develops semi-automated methods for reconstructing mitochondria in C. elegans and collected mitochondria reconstructions from normal reproductive stages and dauer, enabling comparative study on mitochondria structure within the neuromuscular system.

Association between Cystic Fibrosis and Pericardial Calcification Detected at Chest CT in Adults.

Background Although pericardial calcification has been observed on chest CT scans in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), its prevalence and characteristics have not been elucidated. Purpose To determine the prevalence and characteristics of pericardial calcification, and identify clinical variables associated with it, in adult patients with CF and to compare this prevalence with that in individuals without CF. Materials and Methods This was a retrospective, single-center case-control study including consecutive patients with CF who underwent chest CT between January 2021 and December 2022.

Statin-induced immune mediated necrotising myopathy presenting with a markedly elevated cardiac troponin T in the absence of myocardial injury.

Cardiac troponin (cTn) is a sensitive test to assess for myocardial injury. However certain clinical situations can result in a raised cTn in the absence of cardiac involvement. Here we present a case of a 65-year-old woman on long term atorvastatin who presented with generalised weakness, non-specific chest pain, and a persistently elevated high sensitivity cardiac troponin T.

Quantifying antibody binding: techniques and therapeutic implications.

The binding kinetics of an antibody for its target antigen represent key determinants of its biological function and success as a novel biotherapeutic. Defining these interactions and kinetics is critical for understanding the pharmacological and pharmacodynamic profiles of antibodies in therapeutic applications, with line of sight to clinical translation. In this review, we discuss the latest developments in approaches to measure and modulate antibody-antigen interactions, including antibody engineering, novel antibody formats, current, and emerging technologies for measuring antibody-antigen binding interactions, and emerging perspectives within the field.

Scaling up hepatitis C testing and linkage-to-care among people who use drugs: lessons learned from a pilot project implemented at a supervised consumption site.

Background: Despite rolling out publicly-funded hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment across the province of British Columbia (BC), Canada, 35% of people returning positive HCV RNA results in 2020 did not initiate treatment. The HCV epidemic in Canada continues to disproportionately impact people who use drugs and yet, this population has the lowest proportional uptake of HCV treatment. Evidence suggests linkages to healthcare after diagnosis is one of the key factors that impacts uptake of HCV treatment among this priority population.

Microstructural Engineering of Ferroelectric and Electromechanical Properties in 0.65KBT-0.35BCZT Ceramics.

The influence of processing procedures and microstructural features on the functional properties of relaxor ferroelectric ceramics are of fundamental interest and directly relevant to their applications in dielectric capacitors and electromechanical sensors/actuators. In the present work, solid solutions of 0.65(KBi)TiO-0.

Differential Attraction of Summer and Winter Morphs of Spotted Wing Drosophila, Drosophila suzukii, to Yeasts.

Drosophila suzukii is a pest of soft and stone fruits that is attracted to yeast volatile metabolites. Drosophila suzukii has distinct summer and winter morphs which are found in different habitats. Complex communities of yeasts likely differ between habitats and thus we hypothesized morphs differ in their attraction to yeast volatiles from different species and combinations of species.

Circulating Tumor DNA as a Marker of Recurrence Risk in Stage III Colorectal Cancer: The α-CORRECT Study.

Background And Objectives: Identification of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients at high risk of recurrence could be of substantial clinical use. We evaluated the association of ctDNA status, using a tumor-informed assay, with recurrence-free survival (RFS).

Methods: Stage III CRC patients were enrolled between 2016 and 2020.

Patients with a transabdominal cerclage due to recurrent mid-trimester losses are not at higher risk of foetal growth restriction: a retrospective study.

Foetal growth restriction (FGR) is associated with neonatal morbidity, suboptimal neurodevelopmental outcomes and chronic diseases. Successful pregnancies of women with recurrent mid-trimester pregnancy losses may still be at risk of FGR and small for gestational age (SGA) outcomes. This study aimed to investigate whether patients with recurrent mid-trimester pregnancy losses who undergo transabdominal cerclage (TAC) are at an increased risk of FGR.

Ultrastructural Analysis Reveals Mitochondrial Placement Independent of Synapse Placement in Fine Caliber C. elegans Neurons.

Neurons rely on mitochondria for an efficient supply of ATP and other metabolites. However, while neurons are highly elongated, mitochondria are discrete and limited in number. Due to the slow rates of metabolite diffusion over long distances, it follows that neurons would benefit from an ability to control the distribution of mitochondria to sites of high metabolic activity such as synapses.