Associations of circulating apolipoprotein J and myostatin with sarcopenia in older adults with and without type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a known risk factor for sarcopenia. Apolipoprotein J (ApoJ) and myostatin (MSTN) have been implicated in muscle glucose metabolism. We aimed to examine the association between serum ApoJ and MSTN levels and sarcopenia in older adults, with and without DM.

Porcine endometrial 3D co-culture: Morphological changes in 3D endometrium tissues according to hormonal changes.

Cells cultured as monolayers proliferate well, but do not sustain their differentiation characteristics. Previous studies have investigated the interactions between cells and growth factors or cytokines by establishing either in vivo or in vitro three-dimensional (3D) cultures. Using porcine uterine epithelial cells and endometrial cells, the current study was designed to develop a 3D uterine culture system and investigate the response to hormone treatment.

Potential of Cell-Free Supernatant from NIBR97, Including Novel Bacteriocins, as a Natural Alternative to Chemical Disinfectants.

The recent pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has increased demand for chemical disinfectants, which can be potentially hazardous to users. Here, we suggest that the cell-free supernatant from NIBR97, including novel bacteriocins, has potential as a natural alternative to chemical disinfectants. It exhibits significant antibacterial activities against a broad range of pathogens, and was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to cause cellular lysis through pore formation in bacterial membranes, implying that its antibacterial activity may be mediated by peptides or proteins and supported by proteinase K treatment.

Medial Temporal Atrophy Alone is Insufficient to Predict Underlying Alzheimer's Disease Pathology.

Background: The medial temporal region is the earliest affected structure in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and its atrophy is known as the hallmark of AD. This study aimed to investigate the value of medial temporal atrophy (MTA) for detecting 18F-florbetaben positron emission tomography (PET)-proven AD pathology.

Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 265 subjects complaining of cognitive decline at a dementia outpatient clinic from March 2015 to December 2017.

Expression of claudins, occludin, junction adhesion molecule A and zona occludens 1 in canine organs.

Tight junctions are the outermost structures of intercellular junctions and are classified as transmembrane proteins. These factors form selective permeability barriers between cells, act as paracellular transporters and regulate structural and functional polarity of cells. Although tight junctions have been previously studied, comparison of the transcriptional‑translational levels of these molecules in canine organs remains to be investigated.

Self-assembled polyelectrolyte nanoparticles as fluorophore-free contrast agents for multicolor optical imaging.

In this work, we describe the fabrication of self-assembled polyelectrolyte nanoparticles that provide a multicolor optical imaging modality. Poly(γ-glutamic acid)(γ-PGA) formed self-assembled nanoparticles through electrostatic interactions with two different cationic polymers: poly(L-lysine)(PLL) and chitosan. The self-assembled γ-PGA/PLL and γ-PGA/chitosan nanoparticles were crosslinked by glutaraldehyde.

Self-fluorescence of chemically crosslinked MRI nanoprobes to enable multimodal imaging of therapeutic cells.

Old chemistry for novel materials: Self-fluorescent high-relaxivity T(2)-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents are produced. They are a novel type of MR/optical dual-modality in vivo imaging nanoprobe using glutaraldehyde crosslinking chemistry, and they are used to label and monitor therapeutic cells both in vitro and in vivo.