Nanoengineered electrochemical biosensors: a next-gen technology in cancer biomarker detection.

Cancer remains a critical global health concern, affecting individuals across all age groups and claiming millions of lives annually. Early detection is essential, as it significantly improves prognosis and enhances survival rates. However, conventional diagnostic techniques, despite their accuracy, are often expensive, time-consuming, and inaccessible in remote or resource-limited areas.

Impact of preoperative medical management on postoperative outcomes after index percutaneous rhizotomy for trigeminal neuralgia.

Objective: Initial medical management fails in nearly half of patients with trigeminal neuralgia (TN), and patients will seek surgical management with either rhizotomy or microvascular decompression. The impact of preoperative medical management on post-rhizotomy outcomes is unclear. The authors aimed to further evaluate this relationship.

Evaluation of visual function and OCT parameters in ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy: a longitudinal study.

Aims: To evaluate structural and visual functional parameters in ethambutol-related toxic optic neuropathy (EON).

Methods: In this prospective study, we recruited 95 adults with EON presenting within 1 month of onset and 100 age-matched healthy controls. Best-corrected visual acuity (Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study chart), colour vision (Ishihara pseudoisochromatic plates), contrast sensitivity (Pelli-Robson chart), Humphrey visual field analysis (HVF 30-2 Swedish Interactive Threshold Algorithm-FAST), visual evoked response and spectral domain optical coherence tomography for macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (mGC-IPL), retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) and papillomacular bundle (PMB) analyses were done at baseline, 3 months and 6 months.

Understanding Bihar's climate risks: a district-level assessment of climate trends, projections, exposure, hazards, and vulnerability.

Bihar, located in eastern India, confronts significant climate change challenges. It illustrates its susceptibility to a range of diverse impacts caused by shifting climatic conditions. This study undertakes a comprehensive analysis of historical climatic trends, projections, and risk assessment at the district level.

Fine-tuning immunity: ubiquitin-dependent regulation of interleukin-17A expression by Th17 cells.

Interleukin-17A (IL-17A) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that plays a pivotal role in immune responses, particularly in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases and infections. Recent advances have highlighted the significance of post-translational modifications, particularly ubiquitination, in regulating IL-17A expression and IL-17A receptor signaling pathways. Here, we summarize the intricate relationship between IL-17A and ubiquitination, exploring how ubiquitin-mediated processes influence IL-17A production, receptor signaling, and downstream effector functions.