A Proof-of-Concept Solution for Co-locating 2D Histology Images in 3D for Histology-to-CT and MR Image Registration: Closing the Loop for Bone Sarcoma Treatment Planning.

This work presents a proof-of-concept solution designed to facilitate more accurate radiographic feature characterisation in pre-surgical CT/MR volumes. The solution involves 3D co-location of 2D digital histology slides within ex-vivo, tumour tissue CT volumes. Initially, laboratory dissection measurements seed the placement of histology slices in corresponding CT volumes, followed by in-plane point-based registration of bone in histology images to the bone in CT.

Coronary Smooth Muscle Cell Calcium Dynamics: Effects of Bifurcation Angle on Atheroprone Conditions.

This work investigates the effect of arterial bifurcation angulation on atherosclerosis development through simulations of coupled cell dynamics. The computational model presented here combines cellular pathways, fluid dynamics, and physiologically-realistic vessel geometries as observed in the human vasculature. The coupled cells model includes endothelial cells (ECs) and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) with ion dynamics, hetero and homotypic coupling, as well as electro-diffusive coupling.

Patient-specific coronary blood supply territories for quantitative perfusion analysis.

Myocardial perfusion imaging, coupled with quantitative perfusion analysis, provides an important diagnostic tool for the identification of ischaemic heart disease caused by coronary stenoses. The accurate mapping between coronary anatomy and under-perfused areas of the myocardium is important for diagnosis and treatment. However, in the absence of the actual coronary anatomy during the reporting of perfusion images, areas of ischaemia are allocated to a coronary territory based on a population-derived 17-segment (American Heart Association) AHA model of coronary blood supply.

Investigation into diagnostic accuracy of common strategies for automated perfusion motion correction.

Respiratory motion is a significant obstacle to the use of quantitative perfusion in clinical practice. Increasingly complex motion correction algorithms are being developed to correct for respiratory motion. However, the impact of these improvements on the final diagnosis of ischemic heart disease has not been evaluated.

3D time-varying simulations of Ca dynamics in arterial coupled cells: A massively parallel implementation.

Preferential locations of atherosclerotic plaque are strongly associated with the areas of low wall shear stress and disturbed haemodynamic characteristics such as flow detachment, flow recirculation and oscillatory flow. The areas of low wall shear stress are also associated with the reduced production of adenosine triphosphate in the endothelial layer, as well as the resulting reduced production of inositol trisphosphate (IP ). The subsequent variation in Ca signalling and nitric oxide synthesis could lead to the impairment of the atheroprotective function played by nitric oxide.