A Rare Case of Isolated Pulmonary Leishmaniasis.

Leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania infantum is endemic in the south of France. Here, we report a case of isolated pulmonary leishmaniasis in a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In November 2023, the patient underwent a transbronchial biopsy, which resulted in a histopathological diagnosis of leishmaniasis.

Leishmaniases: Strategies in treatment development.

Leishmaniases are vector-borne parasitic diseases that pose a threat to over 1 billion people worldwide. The parasites target cells of the reticulohistiocytic system, such as macrophages, where they replicate. The disease manifests in various forms, ranging from localized cutaneous leishmaniasis to life-threatening visceral forms, which are fatal in 95% of cases without treatment.

Bed bug control with various dusts: Efficacy comparison between silicon dioxide, diatomaceous earth, and Sommières earth.

Bed bugs are considered a major public health problem in industrialized countries. Usually, bed bug infestations are managed using a combination of physical and chemical methods. In recent years, new strategies for bed bug control have emerged, particularly the use of dusts like diatomaceous earth and silicon dioxide.

Asymptomatic Leishmania infantum infection in dogs and dog owners in an endemic area in southeast France.

The prevalence of asymptomatic leishmaniasis in dogs and their owners in the main endemic areas of France has not been studied to date. The objective of this study was to quantify asymptomatic Leishmania infantum infection in southeast France in healthy people and their dogs using molecular and serological screening techniques. We examined the presence of parasitic DNA using specific PCR targeting kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) and specific antibodies by serology (ELISA for dogs and Western blot for humans) among immunocompetent residents and their dogs in the Alpes-Maritimes.

Comparative performance of ISAGA IgM and ELISA assays for the diagnosis of maternal and congenital Toxoplasma infections: which technique could replace ISAGA IgM?

The ISAGA immunocapture test for the detection of anti-Toxoplasma immunoglobulin M is a manual technique known for its excellent sensitivity and specificity. The purpose of this retrospective, multicenter study was to compare the performances and agreement between ISAGA and other IgM detection techniques before cessation of ISAGA production. The analytic performance of the different tests was evaluated using 1,341 serum samples from adults with positive IgM and negative IgG to Toxoplasma gondii, and 1,206 sera from neonates born to mothers with seroconversion.

Contribution of serology in congenital toxoplasmosis diagnosis: results from a 10-year French retrospective study.

This study aimed to evaluate different serological strategies for the postnatal diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis (CT) and establish a biological algorithm for CT diagnosis. The study analyzed serological data of immunoglobulins M, A, and G (IgM, IgA, IgG) performed by immunoenzymatic and compared immunological profile (CIP) assays in 668 newborns with CT diagnosis across four testing periods: P1 (D0- D10), P2 (D11-D35), P3 (D36-D45), and P4 (>D45). Forty-nine percent of the 668 CT cases were diagnosed during P1 and 34%, 4%, and 12% during P2, P3, and P4, respectively.

Groundbreaking outpatient activity in medical entomology in France: An eight-year experience in a french university hospital.

Introduction: Arthropods are known to impair human health in various manners, acting as infectious disease vectors, or as simple nuisances. Even though considerable research is being produced in medical entomology, no reports on patient management in clinical entomology units are available in the literature.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively surveyed all the records from patients having consulted in our outpatient clinical entomology unit in Nice University Hospital from 2012 to 2020.

Performance of five serological tests in the diagnosis of visceral and cryptic leishmaniasis: a comparative study.

Introduction: Leishmaniasis is a major health problem and its diagnosis still represents a challenge. Since consistent evidence on the comparison of serological methods is lacking, our work aims to compare five serological tests for the diagnosis of visceral and asymptomatic leishmaniasis in southern France, a region where leishmaniasis is endemic.

Methodology: Serum samples from 75 patients living in Nice, France were retrospectively analyzed.

IgM triplet in neonatal diagnosis by immunoblotting and its potential use as a diagnostic marker for congenital toxoplasmosis.

Primary infection during pregnancy by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii can be worrisome because transmission to the fetus may lead to congenital toxoplasmosis (CT). Neonatal diagnosis is usually performed by serological profile comparison of the mother and newborn. As previously reported in 2012 by C.

Superficial fungal infections in the south of France-is fusariosis the next emergent onychopathy?

In France, onychomycoses represent about 30% of superficial mycoses seen by dermatologists. In recent years, an increased number of mycoses have been observed due to non-dermatophytic moulds. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological profile of identified superficial fungal infections in the Laboratory of Parasitology-Mycology of the University Hospital of Nice over a 2-year period.

Toxoplasmosis in patients with an autoimmune disease and immunosuppressive agents: A multicenter study and literature review.

Background: Cases of Toxoplasma reactivation or more severe primary infection have been reported in patients receiving immunosuppressive (IS) treatment for autoimmune diseases (AID). The purpose of this study was to describe features of toxoplasmosis occurring in patients with AID treated by IS therapy, excluded HIV-positive and transplant patients.

Methods: A multicenter descriptive study was conducted using data from the French National Reference Center for Toxoplasmosis (NRCT) that received DNA extracts or strains isolated from patients, associated with clinical data.

Could the re-emerging practice of wild boar hunting linked to the recent economic crisis lead to new outbreaks of trichinellosis in Lebanon?

Background: Documented trichinellosis outbreaks in Lebanon date back to the late 19th century. The first published outbreaks were attributed to the consumption of wild boar meat, while those that followed incriminated pork. The practice of hunting wild boar is currently re-emerging in Lebanon given the recent economic crisis that has limited the purchase of livestock meat.

Selecting a multiplex PCR panel for accurate molecular diagnosis of intestinal protists: a comparative study of Allplex (Seegene), G-DiaParaTrio (Diagenode), and RIDAGENE (R-Biopharm) assays and microscopic examination.

Commercial multiplex PCR assay panels were developed to overcome the limitations of microscopic examination for parasitological diagnosis on stool samples. However, given the increased supply of this diagnostic approach, these assays must be evaluated to position them in a diagnostic algorithm. Analytical performances of the multiplex PCR assay G-DiaParaTrio, Allplex GI parasite and RIDAGENE parasitic stool panel for detecting Blastocystis sp.

Case Report: Autoimmune Hemolysis Anemia After Dihydroartemisinin and Piperaquine for Uncomplicated Malaria.

Malaria is still an endemic disease in Africa, with many imported cases in Europe. The standard treatment is intravenous artesunate for severe malaria and oral artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) for uncomplicated malaria. Delayed hemolytic anemia (DHA) after intravenous artesunate has been extensively described, and guidelines recommend biological monitoring until 1 month after the end of the treatment.

The C-terminal segment of Leishmania major HslU: Toward potential inhibitors of LmHslVU activity.

It is urgent to develop less toxic and more efficient treatments for leishmaniases and trypanosomiases. We explore the possibility to target the parasite mitochondrial HslVU protease, which is essential for growth and has no analogue in the human host. For this, we develop compounds potentially inhibiting the complex assembly by mimicking the C-terminal (C-ter) segment of the ATPase HslU.

Identification of adipocytes as target cells for Leishmania infantum parasites.

Leishmania infantum is the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis transmitted by the bite of female sand flies. According to the WHO, the estimated annual incidence of leishmaniasis is one million new cases, resulting in 30,000 deaths per year. The recommended drugs for treating leishmaniasis include Amphotericin B.

Anthrenus sp. and an Uncommon Cluster of Dermatitis.

We report patients in their homes in France who had cutaneous lesions caused by Anthrenus sp. larvae during the end of winter and into spring. These lesions mimic bites but are allergic reactions to larvae hairs pegged in the skin.

Post-mortem diagnosis of imported malaria in France: a case report.

Background: Malaria is a potentially lethal parasitic disease due to infection by Plasmodium parasites, transmitted by Anopheles mosquito vectors. Various preventative measures may be recommended for travellers who visit endemic areas. The diagnosis is generally evoked in the context of a febrile patient returning from an endemic zone.

Characteristics and outcome according to underlying disease in non-AIDS patients with acute respiratory failure due to Pneumocystis pneumonia.

In the non-AIDS group, several underlying conditions and immune defects could lead to different PCP presentations. This study compared PCP presentation and outcome according to the underlying disease. A secondary analysis of a previously published prospective observational study including 544 PCP patients was done.

A case of congenital toxoplasmosis-associated miscarriage with maternal infection four months prior to conception.

Background: We report a case of fatal congenital toxoplasmosis with maternal infection dated four months before pregnancy in the absence of any specific immunosuppressive condition.

Case: Ms. D.

Ultrasound features of fetal toxoplasmosis: A contemporary multicenter survey in 88 fetuses.

Objective: To describe the lesions detected by prenatal ultrasound examination in congenital toxoplasmosis (CT).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed all cases of fetal infection with Toxoplasma gondii with ultrasound anomalies described by fetal medicine experts in 2009 to 2019 in 30 French centers.

Results: Eighty-eight cases of CT were included.

Toxoplasmosis Outbreak Associated With Toxoplasma gondii-Contaminated Venison-High Attack Rate, Unusual Clinical Presentation, and Atypical Genotype.

Background: During 2017, in response to a physician's report, the Wisconsin Department of Health Services, Division of Public Health, began investigating an outbreak of febrile illness among attendees of a retreat where never frozen, intentionally undercooked, locally harvested venison was served. Preliminary testing tentatively identified the illness as toxoplasmosis.

Methods: Confirmatory human serology panels and testing of the venison to confirm and categorize the presence and type of Toxoplasma gondii were completed by French and American national reference laboratories.

Evaluation of six commercial kits for the serological diagnosis of Mediterranean visceral leishmaniasis.

Background: Zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is endemic in the Mediterranean basin. However, large-scale comparative analyses of the commercial kits for the serological diagnosis of this neglected disease are lacking. This study compared the performances of four enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and two immunochromatographic tests (ICT) as screening tests for the serodiagnosis of human VL in the Mediterranean region.

Place of Serology in the Diagnosis of Zoonotic Leishmaniases With a Focus on Visceral Leishmaniasis Due to .

Leishmaniases are a group of parasitic diseases transmitted through the bite of female phlebotomine sandflies. Depending on the species, the reservoirs can be humans (anthroponosis) or different animals (zoonosis). Zoonotic leishmaniasis present several clinical forms in function of the species involved: visceral leishmaniasis (VL), cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), and muco-cutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL).