Metastatic breast cancer cells are vulnerable to fatty acid oxidation inhibition through DDX3-DRP1-mediated mitochondrial plasticity.

Metastatic tumor cells exhibit distinct metabolic flexibility in overcoming different microenvironmental obstacles and thriving in a secondary organ; thus, metabolic vulnerabilities can potentially be targeted. It was reported that mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics play crucial roles in disseminated tumor cells satisfying their energy demands and metabolic plasticity. However, the detailed molecular mechanism by which mitochondrial dynamics promotes tumor metastasis is still unclear.

Vanadium Oxide with Molecular-Level Conducting Pathways for High-Rate Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Vanadium oxides electrode materials for sodium-ion batteries have gained considerable attention due to their outstanding electrochemical properties, yet they still suffer from slow ion transfer, poor conductivity, and fragile structures. These can be improved by molecule intercalation, where the intercalated molecules pillar the adjacent layers and enlarge the interlayer spacing. Conducting polyaniline (PANI) is a promising intercalation material for vanadium oxide, benefiting from its high electrical conductivity and good electrochemical activity.

Association between glycemic control and hepatocellular carcinoma risk in people with type 2 diabetes, stratified by chronic hepatitis B or C infection.

Background: Chronic viral hepatitis is a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Though diabetes is another risk of HCC, it remains indeterminant as to whether glycemic burden in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) should be differentially managed according to the presence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV).

Objectives: To evaluate the association between glycemic burden and HCC risk in individuals with T2D, stratified by viral hepatitis status, including HBV and HCV.

Fucoidan-decorated metal-zoledronic acid nanocomplexes suppress tumor metastasis by inducing ferroptotic cell death and enhancing cancer immunotherapy.

Metastatic tumor cells that escape from immune surveillance are a dilemma in cancer treatment, and thus developing selective targeting agents to treat metastatic tumor and reinstate immune perception is imperative for clinical applications. Herein, a multifunctional nanoplatform of supramolecular assembled nanoparticles (SANs) comprising a core structure of metal ion (Fe) and organic ligands including tannic acid (TA), and zoledronic acid (Zol) was developed. The FTZ SANs was further decorated with fucoidan (Fu), a P-selectin ligand, which greatly enhanced specific binding affinity of FTZ@Fu SANs towards metastatic tumor cells and suppressed tumor aggressiveness.

ITIH4 attenuates acute lung injury by Fe-containing particulate matter in mice via Hippo pathway in type II alveolar epithelial cells.

Background: Metals in particulate matter (PM), like iron (Fe), were associated with lung injury. Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4 (ITIH4) was suggested to inhibit lung inflammation. However, the effect of metals in PM, particularly Fe, on lung inflammation involving ITIH4 remained unclear.

The association between renin and thyroid-related biomarkers with clinical characteristics and outcomes in hyperthyroid patients.

ObjectiveThere is crosstalk between the thyroid hormone and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, but the clinical application is lacking. Our study aimed to verify the correlation between renin and other thyroid-related biomarkers and their association with treatment prognosis.MethodsThis retrospective study recruited eighty consecutive patients treated for hyperthyroidism in a medical center between 2021 and 2023.

ITIH4 alleviates OVA-induced asthma by regulating lung-gut microbiota.

Background: Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 (ITIH4), a Type 2 acute phase protein, is critical for resolving inflammation and promoting tissue repair. While its role in chronic respiratory diseases is recognized, its effects on asthma remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of ITIH4 on the modulation of lung and gut microbiota, the attenuation of allergic inflammation, and the improvement of respiratory outcomes in an asthma mouse model.

Particulate matter-related ITIH4 deficiency is associated with an emphysema phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease through JNK-dependent and JNK-independent signaling.

Rationale: Prolonged exposure to airborne particulate matter (PM) is associated with emphysema and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); however, the precise underlying mechanism remains unclear.

Objectives: In a previous high-throughput screen, we identified inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 (ITIH4) as a biomarker of long-term PM exposure. We hypothesized that ITIH4 is implicated in PM-related emphysema.

YAP-mediated DDX3X confers resistance to ferroptosis in breast cancer cells by reducing lipid peroxidation.

Metabolic shifts in cancer cells were found to participate in tumorigenesis, especially driving chemotherapeutic resistance. Ferroptosis is a newly discovered form of cell death induced by excessive accumulations of iron and lipid peroxidation. Susceptibility to ferroptosis can be intrinsically regulated by various cellular metabolic pathways.

Multimodel Lightweight Transformer Framework for Human Activity Recognition.

Human Activity Recognition (HAR) finds extensive application across diverse domains. Yet, its integration into healthcare remains challenging due to disparities between prevailing HAR systems optimized for rudimentary actions in controlled settings and the nuanced behaviors and dynamic conditions pertinent to medical diagnostics. Furthermore, prevailing sensor technologies and deployment scenarios present formidable hurdles regarding wearability and adaptability to heterogeneous environments.

Serum adropin levels as a potential biomarker for predicting diabetic kidney disease progression.

Background: To investigate the value of serum adropin in predicting chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Materials And Methods: Serum adropin levels were measured in normal control and T2D patients with various stage of CKD. CKD progression was defined as ≥ 30% decline from the baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate.

Frataxin Traps Low Abundance Quaternary Structure to Stimulate Human Fe-S Cluster Biosynthesis.

Iron-sulfur clusters are essential protein cofactors synthesized in human mitochondria by an NFS1-ISD11-ACP-ISCU2-FXN assembly complex. Surprisingly, researchers have discovered three distinct quaternary structures for cysteine desulfurase subcomplexes, which display similar interactions between NFS1-ISD11-ACP protomeric units but dramatically different dimeric interfaces between the protomers. Although the role of these different architectures is unclear, possible functions include regulating activity and promoting the biosynthesis of distinct sulfur-containing biomolecules.

High-Energy Aqueous Sodium-Ion Batteries Using Water-in-Salt Electrolytes and 3D Structured Electrodes.

Aqueous sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are gradually being recognized as viable solutions for large-scale energy storage because of their inherent safety as well as low cost. However, despite recent advancements in water-in-salt electrolyte technologies, the challenge of identifying anode materials with sufficient specific capacity persists, complicating the wider adoption of these batteries. This study introduces an innovative and straightforward approach for synthesizing vanadium oxide laser-scribed graphene (VO-LSG) composites, which function as effective anode materials in aqueous sodium-ion batteries.

High Intelectin-1 Expression Associated with Aggressive Tumor Behavior and Worse Survival in Rectal Cancer.

Background: Multimodal treatment involving preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) followed by surgery is the current standard of care for rectal cancer. Despite advancements, the risk of recurrence, metastasis, and decreased survival remains high. This study aims to evaluate potential biomarkers to stratify prognosis in patients with rectal cancer undergoing preoperative CRT and surgery.

Analysis of the Endocrine Responses to Anti-Diabetes Drugs: An Issue of Elevated Plasma Renin Concentration in Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitor.

Purpose: Glucose metabolism is associated with several endocrine disorders. Anti-diabetes drugs are crucial in controlling diabetes and its complications; nevertheless, few studies have been carried out involving endocrine function. This study aimed to investigate the association between anti-diabetes drugs and endocrine parameters.

Melatonin increases Olaparib sensitivity and suppresses cancer-associated fibroblast infiltration via suppressing the LAMB3-CXCL2 axis in TNBC.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most malignant breast cancer subtype, characterized with high aggressiveness and a high recurrence rate. Olaparib is the first US Food and Drug Administration-approved poly(ADP ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor (PARPi) to treat breast cancer patients with a germline BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation. However, resistance to Olaparib treatment restricts the therapeutic effects, and thus novel therapeutics are urgently required.

Host Engineering of Deep-Blue-Fluorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diodes with High Operational Stability and Narrowband Emission.

The realization of highly operationally stable blue organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) is a challenge in both academia and industry. This paper describes the development of anthracene-dibenzofuran host materials, 2-(10-(naphthalen-1-yl)anthracen-9-yl)naphtho[2,3-b]benzofuran (Host 1) and 2-(10-([1,1'-biphenyl]-2-yl)anthracen-9-yl)naphtho[2,3-b]benzofuran (Host 2), namely for use in the emissive layer of an OLED stack. A multiple-resonance thermally activated delayed serves as the blue fluorescence emitter and exhibits an initial luminance of 1000 cd m and long operational stability (i.

A nanoengineered vanadium oxide composite as a high-performance anode for aqueous Li-ion hybrid batteries.

Aqueous lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have received increasing attention as a promising solution for stationary energy storage systems due to their low environmental impact, non-flammability and low cost. Despite recent progress in electrolyte development and cathode manufacturing, the lack of anode materials with high specific capacity presents difficult challenges for a wide range of applications. In this study, we propose a novel synthetic strategy to fabricate a pseudocapacitive VO/graphene composite as a highly functional anode material for aqueous LIBs.

Impact of dry eye disease treatment on patient quality of life.

Dry eye disease (DED) is a common multifactorial disease affecting a substantial proportion of the population worldwide. Objective tests and subjective symptoms evaluation are necessary to assess DED. Although various treatments have been introduced, accurately evaluating the efficacy of those treatments is difficult because of the disparity between diagnostic tests and patient-reported symptoms.

Reprecipitation: A Rapid Synthesis of Micro-Sized Silicon-Graphene Composites for Long-lasting Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Silicon microparticles (SiMPs) have gained significant attention as a lithium-ion battery anode material due to their 10 times higher theoretical capacity compared to conventional graphite anodes as well as their much lower production cost than silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs). However, SiMPs have suffered from poorer cycle life relative to SiNPs because their larger size makes them more susceptible to volume changes during charging and discharging. Creating a wrapping structure in which SiMPs are enveloped by carbon layers has proven to be an effective strategy to significantly improve the cycling performance of SiMPs.

A Rapid, Scalable Laser-Scribing Process to Prepare Si/Graphene Composites for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Silicon has gained significant attention as a lithium-ion battery anode material due to its high theoretical capacity compared to conventional graphite. Unfortunately, silicon anodes suffer from poor cycling performance caused by their extreme volume change during lithiation and de-lithiation. Compositing silicon particles with 2D carbon materials, such as graphene, can help mitigate this problem.