Octreotide infusion as a treatment for hepatic hydrothorax in a hospital-at-home program: case report from Mayo Clinic.

Hepatic hydrothorax (HH) is a rare but serious complication of end-stage liver disease that is often refractory to conventional medical and procedural management. This case report describes a 75-year-old woman with HH secondary to cirrhosis from metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease. Her clinical course was marked by recurrent hospitalizations, refractory right-sided pleural effusion, and multiple unsuccessful interventions including diuretics, serial thoracenteses, an indwelling pleural catheter, and chemical pleurodesis.

Clinical Characteristics and Outcome of Jamestown Canyon Virus Infection in Hospitalized Wisconsin Patients.

Background: Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV) is an emerging arboviral pathogen transmitted by mosquitoes in the United States and Canada. It is associated with neuroinvasive diseases and a wide spectrum of clinical presentations.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted at the Mayo Clinic Health System in Northwest Wisconsin from January 2018 to December 2024, analyzing data from 12 hospitalized patients diagnosed with JCV infection.

Severe Anaplasmosis with Multi-Organ Failure in a Patient with Splenectomy: A Case Report.

Background: is an emerging tick-borne zoonotic pathogen that typically causes mild infections, which are often successfully managed in outpatient settings. Immunosuppression associated with splenectomy is a well-documented risk factor for severe infections from pathogens such as and encapsulated bacteria. However, splenectomy has not previously been identified as a risk factor for severe anaplasmosis.

Spontaneous Postpartum Pneumomediastinum (Hamman's Syndrome): A Case Report and Review of Chest Pain Management in the Immediate Postpartum Period.

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is a rare condition in the postpartum period, characterized by symptoms such as dyspnea, chest pain, subcutaneous neck edema, tachycardia, crepitus, dysphonia, and dysphagia. The Valsalva maneuver, commonly performed during the second stage of vaginal delivery, has been implicated as a key precipitating factor in the pathogenesis of this condition. We report the case of a 25-year-old woman (G1P1001, 39w5d), with a history of smoking, who developed postpartum dyspnea and chest pain 24 hours following an uncomplicated vaginal delivery.

Recurrent Intestinal Angioedema with Normal C1-Inhibitor: A Case Report.

: Angioedema is a non-pitting edema of the submucosal layer which can be acquired or inherited and usually presents with hives. Intestinal angioedema is rare and can mimic other acute gastrointestinal disorders. It is typically associated with a lack or dysfunction of C1-inhibitor, with a small number of cases having normal C1-inhibitor function.

Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) in Patients with Tick-Borne Illness: A Scoping Review of 98 Cases.

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) secondary to tick-borne infections is a rare but potentially life-threatening syndrome. We performed a scoping review according to PRISMA guidelines to systematically analyze the existing literature on the topic. A total of 98 patients were included, with a mean age of 43.

Clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of patients with liver abscess due to Aspergillus spp: a systematic review of published cases.

Background: Aspergillus spp liver abscess is a relatively rare entity and thus far no systematic review has been performed examining patients' demographics, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, management, and outcome.

Methods: We performed a systematic review of the literature using MEDLINE and LILACS databases. We searched for articles published in the period from January 1990 to December 24, 2022, to identify patients who developed liver abscesses due to Aspergillus spp.

Cardiomyopathy in Celiac Disease: A Systematic Review.

(1) : Cardiomyopathy in celiac disease or celiac cardiomyopathy (CCM) is a serious and potentially life-threatening disease that can occur in both adults and children. However, data supporting the causal relationship between celiac disease (CD) and cardiomyopathy (CMP) are still inconsistent. The aim of this study was to review and synthesize data from the literature on this topic and potentially reveal a more evidence-based causal relationship.

Encephalitis: A Case Report and Literature Review of Neurologic Manifestations of Anaplasmosis.

is an obligate intracellular, Gram-negative pathogen, causative agent of Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis (HGA). HGA usually manifests as a non-specific febrile illness, accompanied by evidence of leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, and an alteration in liver enzymes. Neurologic manifestations of anaplasmosis are rare and rarely reported.

Ideal Cardiovascular Health and Risk of Cardiovascular Events or Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, hence significant efforts have been made to establish behavior and risk factors associated with CVD. The American Heart Association proposed a 7-metric tool to promote ideal cardiovascular health (CVH). Recent data demonstrated that a higher number of ideal CVH metrics was associated with a lower risk of CVD, stroke, and mortality.

Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Case Report and Literature Review.

is an emerging, Gram-negative, and obligate intracellular pathogen that is infrequently implicated as a causative agent of community-acquired pneumonia. In this paper, we report about an immunocompetent patient from the community who presented with fever, cough, and shortness of breath. Chest X-ray and CT showed bilateral lung infiltrates.

Suppurative Thrombosis of the Portal Vein (Pylephlebits): A Systematic Review of Literature.

Suppurative portal vein thrombosis (pylephlebitis) is an uncommon condition usually associated with an intra-abdominal infection or inflammatory process. In this study, we aimed to synthesize data on previously published cases according to the PRISMA guidelines. A total of 103 patients were included.

Bioprosthetic Aortic Valve Thrombosis and Literature Review.

An 83-year-old gentleman with a history of 23-mm Hancock-II-bioprosthetic aortic valve (BAV) replacement ten-years prior presented with symptoms of dyspnea and lower extremity edema. During the preceding seven-years, he had been noted to have asymptomatic increased mean transvalvular gradients (MG; 36-50 mmHg) felt to be due to either early bioprosthetic degeneration, pannus formation, or patient-prosthesis mismatch. An echocardiogram at the time of symptom development demonstrated significant flow acceleration through the aortic valve, mild regurgitation, and severely increased MG (48 mmHg) with prolonged acceleration time (AT, 140 msec).

Fulminant Influenza A Myocarditis Complicated by Transient Ventricular Wall Thickening and Cardiac Tamponade.

Myocarditis is an infrequent complication of influenza infection that is most often diagnosed clinically in the setting of confirmed influenza infection and elevated cardiac enzymes. Pericarditis can also occur in cases of influenza myocarditis and may require pericardiocentesis for tamponade. Patients with fulminant myocarditis have cardiogenic shock; however, echocardiographic findings may be subtle, showing a preserved ejection fraction and diffuse left ventricular wall thickening (compared to baseline) due to inflammatory edema.

Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis-A Systematic Review of Published Cases.

is an emerging, Gram-negative, obligate intracellular pathogen that is transmitted by a tick vector. Human infection ranges from asymptomatic to severe disease that can present with pancytopenia, multiorgan failure, and death. The aim of this systematic review is to analyze case reports and case series reported over the last two decades in peer-reviewed journals indexed in the Medline/PubMed database according to the PRISMA guidelines.

Influenza Myopericarditis and Pericarditis: A Literature Review.

Myopericarditis is a rare complication of influenza infection. The presentation may range from mild and frequently unrecognized, to fulminant and potentially complicated by cardiogenic and/or obstructive shock (tamponade), which is associated with high mortality. We performed a review of literature on all influenza pericarditis and myopericarditis cases according to PRISMA guidelines using the PubMed search engine of the Medline database.

Clinical Presentation and Management of Methicillin-Resistant Pericarditis-Systematic Review.

In the expanding era of antibiotic resistance, new strains of have emerged which possess resistance to traditionally used antibiotics (MRSA). Our review aimed to systematically synthesize information on previously described MRSA pericarditis cases. The only criterion for inclusion was the isolation of MRSA from the pericardial space.

Clinical Manifestations of Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis, Treatment, and Outcome in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV) is a rare extraintestinal manifestation (EIM) of ulcerative colitis (UC). Observations about its association with UC stem from case reports and small case series. Due to its rarity, more rigorous cross-sectional studies are scarce and difficult to conduct.

NAFLD and Infection, a Nuanced Relationship.

The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has increased significantly over the last few decades mirroring the increase in obesity and type II diabetes mellitus. NAFLD has become one of the most common indications for liver transplantation. The deleterious effects of NAFLD are not isolated to the liver only, for it has been recognized as a systemic disease affecting multiple organs through protracted low-grade inflammation mediated by the metabolic activity of excessive fat tissue.

"Double Trouble": Severe Meningoencephalitis Due to Borrelia burgdorferi and Powassan Virus Co-Infection Successfully Treated with Intravenous Immunoglobulin.

BACKGROUND Powassan virus (POWV) is an emerging tick-borne flavivirus transmitted to humans by ticks. While infection is asymptomatic in some people, others develop life-threatening encephalitis with high mortality rates. Co-infection between POWV and Borrelia burgdorferi is rare despite the fact that both pathogens can be transmitted through the same tick vector, Ixodes scapularis.

A Fatal Case of Kaposi Sarcoma Immune Reconstitution Syndrome (KS-IRIS) Complicated by Kaposi Sarcoma Inflammatory Cytokine Syndrome (KICS) or Multicentric Castleman Disease (MCD): A Case Report and Review.

BACKGROUND Kaposi Sarcoma Inflammatory Cytokine Syndrome (KICS) is a relatively new syndrome described in patients co-infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Kaposi Sarcoma (KS) Herpes Virus (KSHV). KICS clinically resembles Multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) and both present with various degrees of lymphadenopathy, pancytopenia, HIV and KSHV viremia, and signs of systemic inflammatory syndrome (SIRS). KICS has higher mortality than MCD and is rarely recognized.

Splenic Complications of Infection in Humans: A Systematic Review.

Splenic complications of acute infection include splenomegaly, splenic infarct, and splenic rupture. These complications are relatively rarely reported, and the aim of this research was to synthetize data on this topic according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines using the PubMed database. In this review, we find that unlike other severe complications of babesiosis, splenic infarct and rupture occur in younger and immunocompetent patients, and they do not correlate with parasitemia level.

subsp. Liver Abscess with Pylephlebitis: An Abdominal Variant of Lemierre's Syndrome.

Liver abscess associated with suppurative portal vein thrombosis (pylephlebitis) secondary to has been rarely reported. It is considered to be an abdominal variant of Lemierre's syndrome associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We report a case of 69-year-old man who developed liver abscess and pylephlebitis due to with an unclear source of infection.

Pulmonary Manifestations of Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) Syndrome: A Systematic Review.

Background: The syndrome of drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a rare, yet potentially fatal hypersensitivity reaction, most commonly associated with anticonvulsants, sulfonamides, and allopurinol. The reaction commonly manifests as a febrile skin eruption with lymphadenopathy and malaise between two and eight weeks following drug exposure. Internal organ involvement occurs in close to 90 percent of patients, and multiple organs may be involved in approximately half of those affected (most commonly the liver, kidney, and lung).