Transitions in Cadmium Speciation in Peanut Vascular Bundles and Their Impact on Cadmium Accumulation in Seeds: A Stable Isotope-Guided Mass Spectrometry Investigation.

Cadmium (Cd) speciation dynamics during vascular transport in peanut plants remain poorly defined. This study combined Cd isotope tracing with multiple separation techniques and targeted mass spectrometry to characterize Cd speciation across four developmental stages. Cd was primarily sequestered by proteins and pectates, limiting its vascular mobility.

Assessing the transfer of Cd and As from co-contaminated soil to peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.): prediction models and soil thresholds.

In China, the co-contamination of soil with cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) is one of the most severe forms of combined pollution. Modeling the transfer of Cd and As from co-contaminated soil to crops has not been thoroughly studied. In this study, five soils with significant differences in physicochemical properties were selected to simulate the compound pollution conditions by exogenously adding Cd and As, and the bioaccumulation and translocation behaviors of these two elements were thoroughly investigated.

Exploring the role of endogenous and exogenous silicon in reducing arsenic accumulation in rice: A multi-scale hydroponic to field study.

Introduction: Traditionally, Silicon (Si) fertilizers are applied externally to the soil or sprayed on the leaves to reduce rice's arsenic (As) accumulation. However, in practical agricultural production, the economic benefits of lowering As in rice grains often fail to outweigh the production costs.

Objectives: This study investigated an innovative technology-Si-rich seedlings (endogenous Si)-that is simple to implement, cost-effective, and highly effective in reducing As accumulation in rice grains.

Boron's Role in Diminishing Cadmium Concentrations in Rice ( ): Insights into Absorption Inhibition and Ripening Promotion.

Boron, a crucial element for plant growth, has been demonstrated to mitigate cadmium (Cd) absorption in rice seedlings. However, its impact on Cd accumulation in rice grains and the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain poorly understood. The current study explored the roles of boron in reducing Cd accumulation and promoting ripening in rice through pot and hydroponic experiments.

Acidic stability and mechanisms of soil cadmium immobilization by layered double hydroxides intercalated with mercaptosuccinic acid.

Layered double hydroxide intercalated with mercaptosuccinic acid (MSA-CFA) holds considerable promise for remediating cadmium (Cd)-contaminated soils through selective immobilization; however, its stability under acidic conditions has yet to be investigated. The acidic stability of MSA-CFA was investigated by acid stability investigation and simulated soil acidification. In the immersion test, the cadmium dissolution rate (DR) for the Cd immobilized products of MSA-CFA (MSA-CFA-Cd) was significantly lower (2.

Hot spots of resistance: Transit centers as breeding grounds for airborne ARG-carrying bacteriophages.

The presence of pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in urban air poses a significant threat to public health. While prevailing research predominantly focuses on the airborne transmission of ARGs by bacteria, the potential influence of other vectors, such as bacteriophages, is often overlooked. This study aims to investigate the characteristics of phages and ARGs in aerosols originating from hospitals, public transit centers, wastewater treatment plants, and landfill sites.

Selective and efficient immobilization of cadmium in soil by layered double hydroxides intercalated with the mercaptosuccinic acid.

Cadmium (Cd) contamination in cropland poses a significant threat to the quality of agricultural products, but even though in-situ remediation has been extensively applied, non-selective immobilization remains an issue. In order to develop a material that specifically immobilizes Cd in soil, a layered double hydroxide, intercalated with mercaptosuccinic acid (MSA-CFA), was synthesized through co-precipitation. In this case, the MSA-CFA's maximum adsorption capacity was increased from the 513.

Factors driving antimony accumulation in soil-pakchoi and wheat agroecosystems: Insights and predictive models.

The accumulation of antimony (Sb) in plants and its potential effects on human health are of increasing concern. Nevertheless, only a few countries or regions have established soil Sb thresholds for agricultural purposes, and soil properties have not been taken into account. This study investigated the accumulation of Sb in the edible parts of pakchoi and wheat grain by adding exogenous Sb to 21 soils with varying properties.

Impact of iron and sulfur cycling on the bioavailability of cadmium and arsenic in co-contaminated paddy soil.

The biogeochemical cycling of iron (Fe) or sulfur (S) in paddy soil influences the cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) migration. However, the influence of coupled reduction effects and reaction precedence of Fe and S on the bioavailability of Cd and As is still not fully understood. This study aimed to reveal the influence of Fe and S reduction on soil Cd and As mobility under various pe + pH conditions and to elucidate the related mechanism in subtropical China.

Assessment and Exposure Analysis of Trace Metals in Different Age Groups of the Male Population in Southern Punjab, Pakistan.

In developing countries, like Pakistan, the pursuit of urbanization and economic development disrupts the delicate ecosystem, resulting in additional biogeochemical emissions of heavy metals into the human habitat and posing significant health risks. The levels of these trace elements in humans remain unknown in areas at higher risk of pollution in Pakistan. In this investigation, selected trace metals including Copper (Cu), Chromium (Cr), Lead (Pb) Cadmium (Cd), Cobalt (Co), Nickel (Ni), and Arsenic (As) were examined in human hair, urine, and nail samples of different age groups from three major cities (Muzaffargarh, Multan, and Vehari) in Punjab province, Pakistan.

Controlling Factors and Predictive Models of Total Mercury and Methylmercury Accumulation in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) from Mercury-Contaminated Paddy Soils.

It is urgent to detect the major controlling factors and establish predictive models of mercury (Hg) accumulation in rice. A pot trial was conducted, exogenous Hg was added to 19 paddy soils at 4 concentration levels in this study. The major controlling factors of total Hg (THg) in brown rice were soil THg, pH and organic matter (OM) content, while those of methylmercury (MeHg) in brown rice were soil MeHg and OM.

Kinetic characteristics of and critical stages for mercury accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.).

By studying the dynamic characteristics of and key growth stages for mercury (Hg) enrichment in rice, the Hg migration and translocation processes in this species can be better understood. In this study, a pot experiment was conducted, wherein two rice cultivars, Tianyouhuazhan (TYHZ, indica) and Zhendao 18 (ZD18, japonica), were selected and planted for analysing the Hg accumulation kinetic characteristics in rice plants. The plants were sampled at each growth stage, and the biomass and total Hg (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations of each tissue were measured.

[Availability Changes in Different Exogenous Selenium Fertilizers in Soil and Their Effects on Selenium Accumulation in Wheat].

In order to understand the differences in the uptake and accumulation of several common exogenous selenium fertilizers by crops, a wheat pot experiment was conducted to study the availability changes in different selenium fertilizers (potassium selenate, potassium selenite, EDTA-chelated selenium, selenium powder, fly ash, and selenium-enriched straw) in soil and their effects on wheat growth and selenium uptake and distribution. The results showed that the change in availability of different exogenous selenium types in soil was different. During the whole growth period of wheat, the soil available selenium proportion of selenate, selenite, and EDTA-chelated selenium treatment was significantly higher than that of the control (CK), respectively, but there was no significant difference between the other treatments and the CK treatment.

Transfer and distribution of antibiotic resistance genes in the soil-peanut system receiving manure for years.

Antibiotic resistance gene (ARG)-contaminated food from manure application is gaining widespread interest, but little is known about the distribution and uptake of ARGs in peanuts that are subjected to manure routinely. In this study, the ARG profile and bacterial community in soil and peanut plants from a 7-year manure-fertilized field were investigated using high-throughput qPCR and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Manure application increased the abundance of ARGs in soil and peanuts by 59-72 and 4-10 fold, respectively.

Metagenomic binning analyses of pig manure composting reveal potential antibiotic-degrading bacteria and their risk of antibiotic resistance genes.

Antibiotic-degrading bacteria are commonly used to treat antibiotic contamination, but the antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) they carry are often overlooked. This study used metagenomic assembly and binning analyses to explore potential antibiotic-degrading bacteria and their ARGs during pig manure composting. The result showed that 35 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) mainly containing alkyl-aryl transferase and decarboxylase genes involved in the removal of antibiotics.

Effects of elevated CO on the Cd uptake by rice in Cd-contaminated paddy soils.

The rising atmospheric CO is a major driver for climate change, directly affects rice production. Cadmium (Cd) in paddy soils also serves as a persistent concern. Currently, few studies consider the rice response to coupled stresses of elevated CO (eCO) and soil Cd.

Host species and microplastics differentiate the crop root endophytic antibiotic resistome.

The increasing One-Health concept calls for a more in-depth understanding of the dissemination of antibiotic resistance in plant microbiomes. While there is considerable published evidence that microplastics can promote the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment, whether and how microplastics impact the plant endophytic resistome are largely unknown. Here we examined the ARGs along the soil-root continuum of maize and wheat under the pressure of microplastics.

Deciphering the Mechanisms Shaping the Plastisphere Microbiota in Soil.

The gradual accumulation of microplastics has aroused increasing concern for the unique niche, termed "plastisphere." As research so far has focused on their characteristics in aquatic ecosystems, our understanding of the colonization and assembly of the attached bacterial communities on microplastics in soil ecosystems remains poor. Here, we aimed to characterize the plastisphere microbiomes of two types of microplastics (polylactic acid [PLA] and polyethylene [PE]) differing in their biodegradability in two different soils.

Biodegradable microplastics enhance soil microbial network complexity and ecological stochasticity.

Biodegradable plastics have emerged as an ecological alternative to conventional petroleum-based plastics. Despite the recent advances in the effects of conventional microplastic on soil ecosystems, the ecological impact of biodegradable microplastics in soil environments remains poorly understood. Here, we performed soil microcosms with conventional (polyethylene and polystyrene) and biodegradable (polybutylene succinate and polylactic acid) microplastics to estimate their effects on the success patterns, co-occurrence networks, and the assembly mechanisms of soil bacterial communities.

Double-edged effects of elevating temperature on the aging of exogenous arsenic in flooded paddy soils.

Temperature variation can have a significant impact on arsenic (As) bioavailability in paddy soils. However, details regarding the transformation of exogenous As during the aging process in paddy soils at various temperatures remain unclear. This work investigated the effects of temperature on the As extractability and As species transformation of three paddy soils spiked with exogenous arsenate at 60 mg kg under flooded aging and explored the related chemical and microbial mechanisms.