Longitudinal changes of automated volumetric breast density with postmenopausal hormone therapy.

Objective: To evaluate how volumetric percent density (VPD) changes longitudinally with postmenopausal hormone therapy (HT).

Study Design: Medical records of 297 women who visited the outpatient clinic in a tertiary medical center between 2011 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Study participants were postmenopausal hormone never-users (n = 103), estrogen therapy (ET) users (n = 95), and estrogen plus progestogen (EPT) users (n = 99).

Comparison of the efficacy of vaginal micronised progesterone tablet and gel for fertilisation.

Background: Luteal phase support (LPS) with progesterone is a generally accepted practice after controlled ovarian stimulation, although the best protocols for LPS have been debated. We aimed to compare the efficacy of vaginal micronised progesterone tablets and 8% vaginal progesterone gel for LPS using real-world data.

Methods: This retrospective study included 459 fertilisation/intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles performed at a university hospital from 2005 to 2019.

An 8-mm trocar-site hernia at a drainage insertion site after a three-port robotic myomectomy: case report and review of literature.

Trocar site hernia is a rare, serious operation-related complication after robotic gynecologic surgery. Here, we present two 8-mm port-site hernia cases after three-port robotic myomectomy with a review of reported previous cases. In the first case, small bowel obstruction was found postoperatively due to herniation at the left mid-axillary line 8-mm trocar site.

Surgical and Fertility Outcomes of Reduced-Port Robotic Myomectomy: A Single-Center Experience of 401 Cases.

Reduced-port robotic myomectomy (RPRM) using Da Vinci Xi™ is a good fertility-saving surgical option, but the surgical and fertility outcomes are unknown. This was a retrospective cohort study evaluating the feasibility of RPRM in an academic tertiary hospital setting. A total of 401 patients who underwent RPRM by a single operator between October 2017 and October 2021 were included.

Comparison of resumption of ovulation after cessation of oral contraceptives and medroxyprogesterone acetate in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objective: Both oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) and cyclic medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) are widely used to control menstrual abnormalities in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We aimed to evaluate the chance of ovulation resumption after cessation of OCPs and MPA in women with PCOS.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted of women with PCOS who were treated with OCPs or cyclic MPA from September 2015 to March 2019.

A Successful Live Birth From a Vitrified Oocyte for Fertility Preservation of a Patient With Borderline Ovarian Tumor Undergoing Bilateral Ovarian Surgery: A Case Report.

This article reports the live birth of a healthy newborn using vitrified-warmed oocytes from fertility preservation before ovarian surgery. The patient in our case underwent two cycles of controlled ovarian stimulation before laparoscopic bilateral ovarian cystectomy for endometriosis, and a total of 23 mature oocytes were vitrified. After surgery, her pathologic reports revealed a serous borderline tumor and endometrioma.

Microbiology of Human Follicular Fluid and the Vagina and Its Impact on in Vitro Fertilization Outcomes.

Purpose: The present study aimed to identify microorganisms in follicular fluids and to investigate their association with in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes.

Materials And Methods: This study was conducted as a prospective study of 49 infertile females undergoing IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles between 2013 and 2016. Paired follicular fluid and vaginal secretions were collected on the day of ovum pick up and were cultured to detect microorganisms.

Prediction model of persistent ovulatory dysfunction in Korean women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Aim: There is no validated tool to predict persistent ovulatory dysfunction after medication with oral contraceptives in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which is the most severe subtype of PCOS. We aimed to build a model to predict persistent ovulatory dysfunction after medication of oral contraceptives in women with PCOS.

Methods: A total of 286 patients with PCOS were treated with and without oral contraceptives at a tertiary academic medical center.

The Experience of Fertility Preservation in a Single Tertiary Center in Korea.

Objective: Oocyte (OC), embryo (EC), and ovarian tissue cryopreservation (OTC) are options for fertility preservation (FP) before going through gonadotoxic cancer treatment, or anticipated fertility decline in benign ovarian diseases, or for planned OC. The aim of this study is to report outcomes of FP in a single tertiary hospital in Korea.

Methods: This is a retrospective study of OC, EC, and OTC cycles.

Clinical efficacy of dual trigger with human chorionic gonadotropin and a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist for women undergoing fertility preservation.

Purpose: To determine the optimal maturation method to increase the yield of mature oocytes, especially for cancer patients with fewer chances of fertility preservation (FP) before gonadotoxic therapy.

Methods: A total of 373 cycles in 293 patients undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) for FP using a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol were enrolled. The control group ( 225) received 250 µg of recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin (rhCG) while the study group ( 148) received 250 µg of rhCG and 0.

Utility of Blood Markers for Predicting Outcomes of Fertility Preservation in Patients With Breast Cancer.

This study aimed to investigate the usability of blood markers for predicting controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) outcomes in patients with breast cancer undergoing fertility preservation (FP). In total, 91 patients with breast cancer who had undergone COS using a letrozole-combined gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol before chemotherapy were enrolled retrospectively in a single tertiary hospital. FP outcomes were compared in terms of the mean platelet volume (MPV), MPV/platelet count (PC), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR).

The Significance of Planned Fertility Preservation for Women With Endometrioma Before an Expected Ovarian Cystectomy.

Endometrioma is known to reduce the ovarian reserve and the extent of the decrease is more severe when ovarian surgery is performed. Therefore, to prevent this decline in fertility, patients with endometrioma are considered candidates for preoperative fertility preservation (FP). In this study, we evaluate the efficacy of FP in women with endometrioma before planned ovarian surgery.

Impact of BRCA mutations and hormone receptor status on reproductive potential in breast cancer patients undergoing fertility preservation.

Objective: To identify whether the BRCA mutations and hormone receptor status affect the ovarian reserve and ovarian stimulation outcomes in breast cancer patients undergoing fertility preservation.

Methods: A total of 117 women diagnosed with breast cancer who were referred to the fertility preservation clinics at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital and Seoul National University Hospital between September 2012 and July 2019 undergone ovarian stimulation for oocyte retrieval. Basal characteristics including age, BMI, basal AMH, basal FSH, and fertility preservation outcomes such as the number of retrieved oocytes and mature oocytes were compared retrospectively.

Operative and Obstetric Outcomes after Single-port Laparoscopic Myomectomy: A Retrospective Single-center Analysis of 504 Cases.

Study Objective: To analyze the obstetric and operative outcomes of 504 cases of single-port laparoscopic myomectomy (SPLM).

Design: Single-center retrospective study.

Setting: A tertiary university hospital.

Antifreeze Protein Supplementation During the Warming of Vitrified Bovine Ovarian Tissue Can Improve the Ovarian Tissue Quality After Xenotransplantation.

The occurrence of ice crystallization during ovarian tissue (OT) cryopreservation causes unavoidable cryodamage, and ice recrystallization during the warming is more detrimental than ice crystallization. Here, we investigated that antifreeze protein (AFP) treatment during the warming procedure can improve the bovine OT quality after xenotransplantation (XT). Bovine OTs (n=120) were evenly assigned to four groups: fresh, vitrified-warmed, vitrified-warmed with 10 mg/mL Leucosporidium ice-binding protein (LeIBP, a type of AFP) (LeIBP-10), and vitrified-warmed with 20 mg/mL LeIBP (LeiBP-20).

Optimal Oocyte Number in Controlled Ovarian Stimulation with Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist/Antagonist and Day 3 Fresh Embryo Transfer.

We aimed to investigate the optimal number of oocytes retrieved in normal responders with the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist (GnRHant) protocol in comparison with the GnRH agonist (GnRHa) long protocol. This retrospective study is based on a single-center cohort including 657 fresh cycles with day 3 embryo transfer using the GnRHa long protocol and the GnRHant flexible protocol at the fertility clinic of a university hospital between 2005 and 2019. The rate ratios (RR) of clinical pregnancy were evaluated using log-binomial regression depending on the categories by the number of retrieved oocytes and pituitary suppression methods.

Predictor for supraphysiologic serum estradiol elevation on hCG triggering day of controlled ovarian stimulation using letrozole and gonadotropins in women with estrogen-dependent cancers.

The objective of this study was to evaluate predicting factors for supraphysiologic serum estradiol elevation during controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) with administration of letrozole and gonadotropins in patients with estrogen-dependent cancer. Use of aromatase inhibitors is recommended to prevent the potential effects of elevated serum estradiol levels and recurrence of tumor in patients with estrogen-dependent cancers during COS. Although previous studies reported that letrozole have shown an effective lowering of peak estrogen levels, a part of patients shows supraphysiologic levels of estrogen associated with ovarian stimulation despite the administration of letrozole.

Use of haemostatic gel in the management of cervical pregnancy: a case report.

Purpose: This case report aimed to describe haemostatic agents with systemic methotrexate (MTX) as an effective management for cervical pregnancy with bleeding.

Case Presentation: A 34-year-old nulligravida patient was referred due to vaginal spotting and lower abdominal discomfort, and was diagnosed with a cervical pregnancy at 6 weeks of gestation. The patient was treated with a multi-dose MTX regimen, and the bleeding was successfully controlled with haemostatic agents, which were applied at the bleeding site of the cervix.

Erratum: Correction of Author ORCID in the Article: Efficacy of Random-start Controlled Ovarian Stimulation in Cancer Patients.

This corrects the article on p. 290 in vol. 30, PMID: 25729252.

Effect of luteal phase support with vaginal progesterone on pregnancy outcomes in natural frozen embryo transfer cycles: A meta-analysis.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of vaginal progesterone for luteal phase support (LPS) on the clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) in natural frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles via a meta-analysis.

Methods: We performed a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and retrospective studies that met our selection criteria. Four online databases (PubMed, Embase, Medline, and the Cochrane Library) were searched between January 2017 and May 2017.

Oocyte cryopreservation for fertility preservation in women with ovarian endometriosis.

Research-question: What is the clinical usefulness of oocyte cryopreservation for fertility preservation in women with ovarian endometriosis?

Design: Clinical characteristics were retrospectively analysed in 34 women with endometrioma before a planned ovarian cystectomy. Ovarian stimulation outcomes were compared according to laterality. A one-to-one propensity score-matched analysis was conducted to compare ovarian stimulation outcomes of the first cycle in patients with endometrioma undergoing fertility preservation with those in infertile patients without endometrioma who underwent IVF treatment.

Survey of Fertility Preservation Options Available to Patients With Cancer Around the Globe.

Purpose: Oncofertility focuses on providing fertility and endocrine-sparing options to patients who undergo life-preserving but gonadotoxic cancer treatment. The resources needed to meet patient demand often are fragmented along disciplinary lines. We quantify assets and gaps in oncofertility care on a global scale.

Survey of Third-Party Parenting Options Associated With Fertility Preservation Available to Patients With Cancer Around the Globe.

Purpose: In the accompanying article, "Survey of Fertility Preservation Options Available to Patients With Cancer Around the Globe," we showed that specific fertility preservation services may not be offered at various sites around the world because of cultural and legal barriers. We assessed global and regional experiences as well as the legal status of third-party reproduction and adoption to serve as a comprehensive international data set and resource for groups that wish to begin oncofertility interventions.

Methods: We provide data on the legalities of third-party assisted reproductive technologies and other family-building options in the 28 oncofertility-practicing countries surveyed.

Effects of Natural Progesterone and Synthetic Progestin on Germ Layer Gene Expression in a Human Embryoid Body Model.

Natural progesterone and synthetic progestin are widely used for the treatment of threatened abortion or in in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles. This in vitro study aimed to assess whether the treatment with natural progesterone or synthetic progestin influences the germ layer gene expression on the early human embryonic development using human embryonic stem cells (hESCs)-derived embryoid bodies (hEBs) as a surrogate of early stage human embryonic development. Human EBs derived from hESCs were cultured for nine days, and were treated with natural progesterone (P4) or synthetic progestin, medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) at 10-7 M for five days.

Effects of cyclic adenosine monophosphate modulators on maturation and quality of vitrified-warmed germinal vesicle stage mouse oocytes.

Background: It is still one of the unresolved issues if germinal vesicle stage (GV) oocytes can be successfully cryopreserved for fertility preservation and matured in vitro without damage after warming. Several studies have reported that the addition of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) modulators to in vitro maturation (IVM) media improved the developmental potency of mature oocytes though vitrification itself provokes cAMP depletion. We evaluated whether the addition of cAMP modulators after GV oocytes retrieval before vitrification enhances maturation and developmental capability after warming of GV oocytes.