A Novel Maturation Equation for Hepatic Clearance Across Preterm, Term Neonates, Children, and Adults: Application to Paracetamol and Its Metabolite.

A preterm and term neonate to adult (PTNA) maturation equation was introduced recently to describe the glomerular filtration rate maturation from birth to adulthood for neonates of varying gestational age. This study aims to evaluate the newly developed PTNA equation against common maturation approaches like allometric scaling (AS0.75), the AS0.

Association Between Gallstone Disease and Risk of Mortality of Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Gallstone disease (GD) is increasing in the world and has various complications.

Objective: This study aims to examine the relationship between GD and the risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer using a systematic review and meta-analysis approach.

Methods: A comprehensive and systematic search was done in various databases, such as Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase.

The Effects and Safety of Silymarin on β-thalassemia in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review based on Clinical Trial Studies.

Background: β-thalassemia imposes significant complications on affected patients. Silymarin, a natural flavonoid complex, has potential therapeutic properties.

Objective: This systematic review aims to comprehensively evaluate the literature on the mechanistic effects of Silymarin on β-thalassemia outcomes in children and adolescents.

A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Relationship between Statin Intake and Esophageal Cancer.

Background: Esophageal cancer is a malignant tumor with a low survival rate. Statins, commonly prescribed for their lipid-lowering effects, have been suggested to possess potential chemopreventive properties against various cancers, including esophageal cancer.

Objectives: This systematic review studied the association between statin intake and esophageal cancer.

The Association between use of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Inhibitors and the Risk and Mortality of Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Pancreatic Cancer (PC) is one of the most malignant tumors and highly invasive neoplasms around the world.

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to study the relationship between the use of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors and the incidence and mortality of PC.

Methods: The electronic search was conducted systematically until October 10, 2023.

When will the Glomerular Filtration Rate in Former Preterm Neonates Catch up with Their Term Peers?

Aims: Whether and when glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in preterms catches up with term peers is unknown. This study aims to develop a GFR maturation model for (pre)term-born individuals from birth to 18 years of age. Secondarily, the function is applied to data of different renally excreted drugs.

Anti-seizure Effects and Mechanisms of Berberine: A Systematic Review.

Background: Epilepsy is one of the most common in all age groups and disabling neurologic disorders around the world.

Objectives: This systematic review was to explore whether berberine (BBR) has any anti-seizure or anti-epileptic effects and also reviewed this possible mechanism.

Methods: The EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were searched before Sep 2023.

Efficacy and Mechanisms of , Silymarin, and Silibinin on Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis Symptoms: A Systematic Review.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) are the most common forms of skeletal disease worldwide.

Objective: The current systematic review investigated the mechanisms of , silymarin, and silibinin on RA and OA symptoms.

Methods: The PRISMA 2020 statement was used for reporting Items in this systematic review.

Multi-dose enteral L-citrulline administration in premature infants at risk of developing pulmonary hypertension associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Objective: Information is needed to guide the design of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating L-citrulline therapy for premature infants with pulmonary hypertension associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD-PH). Based on our single-dose pharmacokinetic study, we evaluated the ability of a multi-dose enteral L-citrulline strategy to achieve a target trough steady-state L-citrulline plasma concentration and its tolerability in premature infants.

Study Design: Plasma L-citrulline concentrations were measured in six premature infants receiving 60 mg/kg L-citrulline every 6 h for 72 h before the first and last L-citrulline doses.

The Association between Statins Intake and Risk of Post Stroke Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Aim: This research aimed to examine the relationship between the intake of statins and the risk of post-stroke pneumonia in a systematic review and meta-analysis study.

Methods: An extensive search of published articles on March 2, 2023, was done in several databases, like Web of Science (ISI), PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS) checklist was employed to evaluate the quality of observational studies.

The Therapeutic Effect of Silymarin and Silibinin on Depression and Anxiety Disorders and Possible Mechanism in the Brain: A Systematic Review.

Background: Depression and anxiety are the most common mental disorders worldwide.

Objective: We aimed to review silymarin and silibinin effects and underlying mechanisms in the central nervous system (CNS) for depression and anxiety treatment.

Methods: The research protocol was prepared based on following the PRISMA statement.

Pharmacokinetics and safety of prolonged paracetamol treatment in neonates: An interventional cohort study.

Aims: To investigate the pharmacokinetics and safety of prolonged paracetamol use (>72 h) for neonatal pain.

Methods: Neonates were included if they received paracetamol orally or intravenously for pain treatment. A total of 126 samples were collected.

Vancomycin Clearance in Obese Adults is not Predictive of Clearance in Obese Adolescents.

Background And Objective: Contradictory pharmacokinetic (PK) results have been observed between obese adults and obese adolescents, with absolute clearance (CL) reported to be either unaltered, lower, or higher in obese adolescents compared to obese adults. This study investigates the PK of vancomycin in adolescents and adults who are overweight or obese.

Methods: Data from 125 overweight and obese adolescents (aged 10-18 years, weight 28.

Assessment of the Relationship Between Gastric-Acid Suppressants and the Risk of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Esophageal cancer is a cancerous tumor that develops in the esophagus. It is the 10th most common cancer and has a low survival rate. Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is increasing in incidence globally.

Current use of complementary and conventional medicine for treatment of pediatric patients with gastrointestinal disorders.

Infants, children, and adolescents are at risk of experiencing a multitude of gastrointestinal disorders (GID). These disorders can adversely affect the quality of life or be life-threatening. Various interventions that span the conventional and complementary therapeutic categories have been developed.

Topical Photodynamic Therapy Generates Bioactive Microvesicle Particles: Evidence for a Pathway Involved in Immunosuppressive Effects.

Although effective in treating actinic damage, topical photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been shown to be immunosuppressive through unknown mechanisms, which could potentially limit its effectiveness. Multiple types of environmental stressors, including PDT, can produce the immunosuppressive lipid mediator platelet-activating factor (PAF). Because PAF can produce subcellular microvesicle particles (MVPs), these studies tested whether PDT can generate PAF and MVP release and whether these are involved in PDT-induced immunosuppression.

Medication based machine learning to identify subpopulations of pediatric hemodialysis patients in an electronic health record database.

Electronic health records (EHRs) have given rise to large and complex databases of medical information that have the potential to become powerful tools for clinical research. However, differences in coding systems and the detail and accuracy of the information within EHRs can vary across institutions. This makes it challenging to identify subpopulations of patients and limits the widespread use of multi-institutional databases.

Relationship between serum vitamin D and hip fracture in the elderly: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: This study investigated the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels and the occurrence of hip fractures in the elderly using a systematic review and meta-analysis approach.

Materials And Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were used to identify studies that outlined an association between serum 25OHD and the occurrence of a hip fracture in a geriatric patient. The analysis calculated odds ratios (OR) for a hip fracture using a random-effects model.

Pharmacokinetics of Ceftazidime in Children and Adolescents with Obesity.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate ceftazidime pharmacokinetics (PK) in a cohort that includes a predominate number of children and adolescents with obesity and assess the efficacy of competing dosing strategies.

Methods: A population PK model was developed using opportunistically collected plasma samples. For each dosing strategy, model-based probability of target attainment (PTA) estimates were computed for study participants using empirical Bayes estimates.

Oral drug dosing following bariatric surgery: General concepts and specific dosing advice.

Bariatric or weight-loss surgery is a popular option for weight reduction. Depending on the surgical procedure, gastric changes like decreased transit time and volume and increased pH, decreased absorption surface in the small intestine, decreased exposure to bile acids and enterohepatic circulation, and decreased gastrointestinal transit time may be expected. In the years after bariatric surgery, patients will also substantially lose weight.

Do statins play any role in reducing the incidence and mortality of ovarian cancer? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the relationship between statin consumption and risk of incidence of ovarian cancer (OC) and associated mortality.

Methods: Computerized searches were conducted in three electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus). Two calibrated authors performed the publications selection, data extraction, and quality assessment of the selected publications.

Population pharmacokinetics of olanzapine in children.

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the population pharmacokinetics (PopPK) of olanzapine in children and devise a model-informed paediatric dosing scheme.

Methods: The PopPK of olanzapine was characterized using opportunistically collected plasma samples from children receiving olanzapine per standard of care for any indication. A nonlinear mixed effect modelling approach was employed for model development using the software NONMEM (v7.

Supportive care medications coinciding with chemotherapy among children with hematologic malignancy.

Pharmacokinetic (PK) conflicts can arise between supportive care medications (SCM) and chemotherapy in children with hematologic malignancy (HM). In this retrospective study, medical records for children (28 days-18 years) diagnosed with HM and receiving an SCM antimicrobial were collected from a hospital network between 1 May 2000 and 31 December 2014. PK drug-gene associations were obtained from a curated pharmacogenomics database.