Validation of the telephone version of S3-non-invasive ventilation questionnaire in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Aim: This study aimed to validate the telephone administration of the S3-NIV questionnaire, a patient-reported outcome measure assessing the impact of NIV on patients' quality of life, in a Portuguese cohort of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic respiratory failure (CRF) under NIV.

Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study with patients with COPD and CRF at a Portuguese tertiary hospital, including participants who completed both paper and telephone versions of the S3-NIV in randomized order within ten days.

Results: Internal consistency was good in both telephone and paper versions: S3NIV-total (α=0.

European Respiratory Society Clinical Practice Guideline on Telemedicine in Home Mechanical Ventilation.

Background: With the increasing prevalence of patients on home mechanical ventilation (HMV), changing indications, shortage of hospital resources, and rapidly evolving technology, there is an urgent need for evaluating the added value of telemedicine in initiation and follow-up of HMV. This European Respiratory Society (ERS) clinical practice guideline provides evidence-based recommendations on the use of telemedicine in HMV.

Methods: The ERS Task Force consisted of 20 members, including a patient representative and her caregiver.

Autophagy-enhancing strategies to promote intestinal viral resistance and mucosal barrier function in SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), continues to circulate globally despite the widespread vaccination and therapeutics like Paxlovid, remdesivir, and molnupiravir. COVID-19 is associated with both respiratory and gastrointestinal manifestations, with persistent intestinal pathology contributing to the post-COVID-19 condition. We have previously demonstrated the antiviral activity of autophagy-blocking drugs, such as Berbamine dihydrochloride, against intestinal SARS-CoV-2 acquisition.

Neurodevelopment of children born with gastroschisis: a scoping review.

The neurodevelopment of children with gastroschisis may be affected by intrinsic (exposure of the abdominal viscera to the amniotic fluid, causing an inflammatory reaction) and extrinsic (pain, mobility restriction, hospitalization) factors. Thus, the objective of this study was to analyze the information available in the literature on the neurodevelopment of children born with this pathology. A scoping review was done, considering as outcomes the neurodevelopment in the motor, cognitive and language domains.

Influence of magnesium sulfate on the pharmacodynamic characteristics of rocuronium. A randomized clinical trial.

Background: As a multimodal anesthesia adjuvant, magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) plays an important role in the anesthetic arsenal, due to its properties and substantial synergistic effects with other drugs such as opioids, hypnotics and neuromuscular blocking drugs (NMBD). Rocuronium is a non-depolarizing NMBD used widely in general anesthesia, and its association with MgSO4 is still a concern. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of MgSO4 at a dose of 30 mg kg-1 on the pharmacodynamic characteristics of rocuronium.

HIV-1 exploits LBPA-dependent intraepithelial trafficking for productive infection of human intestinal mucosa.

The gastrointestinal tract is a prominent portal of entry for HIV-1 during sexual or perinatal transmission, as well as a major site of HIV-1 persistence and replication. Elucidation of underlying mechanisms of intestinal HIV-1 infection are thus needed for the advancement of HIV-1 curative therapies. Here, we present a human 2D intestinal immuno-organoid system to model HIV-1 disease that recapitulates tissue compartmentalization and epithelial-immune cellular interactions.

Exploring the integration and patient engagement of balance home exercises in the daily management of multiple sclerosis: a comprehensive qualitative analysis.

Purpose: This study investigated the perceptions and experiences of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) regarding a home-based balance exercises program, focusing on its practicality and perceived effects for daily management and the factors influencing its implementation.

Materials And Methods: Employing a qualitative approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 patients with MS in Switzerland (13 women, 5 men; mean age 53 ± 11 years). The study used purposive sampling to ensure diverse representations.

Advance care planning in patients with respiratory failure.

Advance care planning (ACP) is a complex and iterative communication process between patients, surrogates and clinicians that defines goals of care that may include, but is not limited to, documentation of advance directives. The aim of ACP is to promote patient-centred care tailored to the patient's clinical situation through informed preparation for the future and improved communication between patient, clinicians and surrogates, if the latter need to make decisions on patient's behalf.The aim of this article is to review research related to ACP in acute and chronic respiratory failure, regarding the process, communication, shared decision-making, implementation and outcomes.

Impact of outpatient adaptation to home mechanical ventilation on health-related quality of life in patients with COPD: the OutVent study.

Background: Home mechanical ventilation (HMV) is indicated in patients with severe hypercapnic COPD. Initiation of HMV commonly occurs during an inpatient period, but there has been increasing interest for outpatient adaptation. This study aimed to evaluate the outpatient initiation and adaptation of HMV and its impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with severe COPD.

The 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome from A Biopsychosocial Perspective: A Series of Cases with an ICF-Based Approach.

Unlabelled: The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (DS) can have a significant impact on functionality. The purpose was to describe 22q11.

Prevotella timonensis Bacteria Associated With Vaginal Dysbiosis Enhance Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Susceptibility Of Vaginal CD4+ T Cells.

Dysbiosis of the vaginal microbiome poses a serious risk for sexual human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmission. Prevotella spp are abundant during vaginal dysbiosis and associated with enhanced HIV-1 susceptibility; however, underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we investigated the direct effect of vaginal bacteria on HIV-1 susceptibility of vaginal CD4+ T cells.

Dengue virus exploits autophagy vesicles and secretory pathways to promote transmission by human dendritic cells.

Dengue virus (DENV), transmitted by infected mosquitoes, is a major public health concern, with approximately half the world's population at risk for infection. Recent decades have increasing incidence of dengue-associated disease alongside growing frequency of outbreaks. Although promising progress has been made in anti-DENV immunizations, post-infection treatment remains limited to non-specific supportive treatments.

Autophagy-enhancing ATG16L1 polymorphism is associated with improved clinical outcome and T-cell immunity in chronic HIV-1 infection.

Chronic HIV-1 infection is characterized by T-cell dysregulation that is partly restored by antiretroviral therapy. Autophagy is a critical regulator of T-cell function. Here, we demonstrate a protective role for autophagy in HIV-1 disease pathogenesis.

Cystic fibrosis airway inflammation enables elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor-mediated rescue of N1303K mutation.

https://bit.ly/3tTcoJE.

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Introduction: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic degenerative disease that affects the brain and spinal cord. It is characterized by polymorphic symptomatology that changes the way the body is represented and experienced. Coping with these changes requires various therapeutic strategies, including physiotherapy.

Magnetotactic Sperm Cells for Assisted Reproduction.

Biohybrid micromotors are active microscopic agents consisting of biological and synthetic components that are being developed as novel tools for biomedical applications. By capturing motile sperm cells within engineered microstructures, they can be controlled remotely while being propelled forward by the flagellar beat. This makes them an interesting tool for reproductive medicine that can enable minimally invasive sperm cell delivery to the oocyte in vivo, as a treatment for infertility.

Proximal and Distal Bronchioles Contribute to the Pathogenesis of Non-Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis.

Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB) may originate in bronchiolar regions of the lung. Accordingly, there is a need to characterize the morphology and molecular characteristics of NCFB bronchioles. Test the hypothesis that NCFB exhibits a major component of bronchiolar disease manifest by mucus plugging and ectasia.

A Novel Co-Culture Model Reveals Enhanced CFTR Rescue in Primary Cystic Fibrosis Airway Epithelial Cultures with Persistent Infection.

People with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) suffer from chronic and recurring bacterial lung infections that begin very early in life and contribute to progressive lung failure. CF is caused by mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator () gene, which encodes an ion channel important for maintaining the proper hydration of pulmonary surfaces. When CFTR function is ablated or impaired, airways develop thickened, adherent mucus that contributes to a vicious cycle of infection and inflammation.

Delay in the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis in prisons in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.

Background: The number of tuberculosis (TB) cases in prisons is higher than that in the general population and has been reported as the most common cause of death in prisons. This study evaluated the delay in the diagnosis and treatment of TB in Brazilian prisons.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted between 2007 and 2015 using data from the five largest male prisons in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.

Practical considerations for accurate determination of free thyroxine by equilibrium dialysis.

Background: Free thyroxine (FT4) measurement is one of the most requested tests in patient care for diagnosing and treating thyroid-related illnesses. Equilibrium dialysis (ED) is considered the "gold standard" for FT4 measurement; however, several factors have a profound effect on the reliability of FT4 assays and require special consideration.

Methods: In the current study, we focused on evaluating critical factors that could contribute to reporting errors, such as adsorption of thyroxine (T4) to labware surfaces, stability of serum samples, stock solutions, and calibrator storage conditions, as well as the solvents used to prepare T4 solutions.

Berbamine suppresses intestinal SARS-CoV-2 infection via a BNIP3-dependent autophagy blockade.

SARS-CoV-2, the causative virus of COVID-19, continues to threaten global public health. COVID-19 is a multi-organ disease, causing not only respiratory distress, but also extrapulmonary manifestations, including gastrointestinal symptoms with SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding in stool long after respiratory clearance. Despite global vaccination and existing antiviral treatments, variants of concern are still emerging and circulating.

Highlights from the Respiratory Failure and Mechanical Ventilation 2022 Conference.

The Respiratory Intensive Care Assembly of the European Respiratory Society gathered in Berlin to organise the second Respiratory Failure and Mechanical Ventilation Conference in June 2022. The conference covered several key points of acute and chronic respiratory failure in adults. During the 3-day conference, ventilatory strategies, patient selection, diagnostic approaches, treatment and health-related quality of life topics were addressed by a panel of international experts.