'July effect' in management and outcomes of patients admitted with pulmonary embolism in the United States, 2016 to 2021.

Background: This study sought to assess the outcomes of pulmonary embolism (PE) admissions at teaching and nonteaching hospitals in the month of July, when new trainees begin their training in the United States.

Methods: During 2016-2021, adult (≥18 years) nonelective admissions with PE, admitted to urban teaching hospitals in the months of May and July, were identified using the National Inpatient Sample and compared to nonteaching admissions. Outcomes of interest included in-hospital mortality, complications, variations in management, total hospitalization costs, and hospitalization duration.

Adaptive Design with Bayesian Informed Interim Decisions: Application To a Randomized Trial of Mechanical Circulatory Support.

Background: Cardiovascular and oncology trials increasingly require large sample sizes and long follow-up periods. Several approaches have been developed to optimize sample size including sample size re-estimation based on the promising zone approach. With time-to-event endpoints, methods traditionally used to test for treatment effects are based on proportional hazards assumptions, which may not always hold.

Automated and Explainable Coronary Angiogram Interpretation for Selection of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Candidates using Artificial Intelligence.

Objectives: Visual estimation of coronary artery stenosis on angiography is subject to human error. While machine learning may facilitate more accurate interpretation, clinical utility has been limited by lack of human interpretable models. We developed an automated computer vision model to identify candidates for coronary artery bypass (CABG) from coronary angiograms.

Percutaneous post-closure versus femoral arterial cutdown for venoarterial extra corporeal membrane cannulation sites.

Background: To examine the outcomes of percutaneous post-closure of large bore femoral arteriovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) cannulas compared to traditional open cut down technique.

Methods: Between June 1, 2018 and December 31, 2023, a total of 103 unique consecutive patients underwent VA-ECMO and 89 underwent subsequent decannulation by either open cut down (n=44) or percutaneous (n=45) suture-mediated closure. The primary outcomes of interest were procedural success, vascular complication and wound site infection following decannulation.

Microbiota Transplantation Among Patients Receiving Long-Term Care: The Sentinel REACT Nonrandomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Intestinal multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) colonization is highly prevalent in long-term acute care hospital (LTACH) patients and is associated with MDRO infection and transmission. However, there are no therapies approved by the US Food and Drug Administration to reduce intestinal MDRO colonization.

Objective: To determine the safety and acceptability of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in LTACH patients.