Risk of Subsequent Diabetes Mellitus in Stroke Survivors According to Poststroke Disability Status and Stroke Type.

This study used the Korean National Health Insurance System database to examine how poststroke disability and stroke type affect the risk of diabetes mellitus (DM) in stroke survivors. Data for 217 157 stroke survivors and 312 138 matched controls were analyzed. The relative risk of DM was assessed using multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models.

Exercise intensity and the risk of end-stage renal disease in diabetes: A nationwide population-based study.

Background: Exercise plays a key role in managing chronic conditions such as diabetes mellitus (DM), a major contributor to end-stage renal disease (ESRD), a serious public health issue.

Aim: To investigate the relationship between exercise intensity, DM duration, and ESRD incidence.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from 2495031 individuals with DM who underwent the Korean National Health Screening between 2015 and 2016, with follow-up through 2022.

Intellectual developmental disability and all-cause and cause-specific mortality among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Aims: Individuals with intellectual developmental disabilities (IDD) face unique challenges in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but evidence on their impact on mortality is limited. This study assessed the association between IDD and mortality in T2DM using nationwide Korean data.

Methods: A retrospective cohort of 2,522,244 individuals with T2DM who underwent health screenings through the Korea National Health Insurance Service 2015-2016 was analyzed.

Nationwide Epidemiology and Management Time Trends for Atrial Fibrillation: Insights From the Korean AF Factsheet.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) represents the most prevalent cardiac arrhythmia in clinical practice, with its incidence rising globally. Korea's comprehensive national health insurance system facilitates the meticulous collection and management of health care utilization data for its entire population. This robust data infrastructure has enabled numerous recent studies on AF in Korea, encompassing its prevalence, incidence, anticoagulation treatment rates, health care burden, and associated complications.

Combination of Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference Burden Determines the Risk of Atrial Fibrillation.

Background: There is limited evidence regarding the significance of the combination or cumulative burden of waist circumference (WC) with body mass index (BMI) to predict future atrial fibrillation (AF) risks.

Objectives: The authors investigated the impact of the cumulative burden of BMI and WC and their combination on the incident AF risk.

Methods: We included subjects 20 years of age and older who underwent 4 consecutive national health check-ups annually (between 2009 and 2013), excluding those with previous AF.

Proteinuria and the risk of Incident atrial fibrillation according to glycemic stages: a nationwide population-based cohort study.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and proteinuria each independently raise the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF). We aimed to investigate the relationship between proteinuria and the risk of incident AF across glycemic stages.

Methods: A cohort of 4,044,524 individuals without prior AF and type 1 DM was selected from the 2009 Korean National Health Insurance Service health checkup data.

Ten-year incidence of keratoconus in relation to sex, age, and thyroid gland dysfunction: a nationwide population-based cohort study (2009-2018).

Background: Keratoconus is a corneal ectatic disorder that often leads to visual impairment and may require corneal transplantation. However, its age and gender-based incidence and potential association with thyroid gland dysfunction (TGD) remain poorly understood. This study aims to clarify these aspects and investigate the possible connection between keratoconus and TGD.

Machine Learning-Based Discrimination of Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.

Background: Current risk stratification strategies for patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) are limited to traditional methodologies.

Objectives: The authors aimed to establish machine learning (ML)-based models to discriminate major cardiovascular events in patients with HCM.

Methods: We enrolled consecutive HCM patients from 2 tertiary referral centers and used 25 clinical and echocardiographic features to discriminate major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), including all-cause death, admission for heart failure (HF-adm), and stroke.

Sacubitril/valsartan and the risk of incident dementia in heart failure: a nationwide propensity-matched cohort study.

Background: Sacubitril acts to inhibit neprilysin and as neprilysin is involved in amyloid-beta degradation in the central nervous system, and there is concern that sacubitril/valsartan may increase the risk of dementia. We aimed to compare the risk of incident dementia associated with sacubitril/valsartan and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs).

Methods: Patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction treated with either sacubitril/valsartan or ARB, identified from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, were matched in a 1:2 ratio using propensity scores (6789 on sacubitril/valsartan and 13,578 on ARBs) and followed up for incident dementia.

Association between exercise and risk of fractures in new-onset type 2 diabetes: a retrospective cohort study.

Unlabelled: In this population-based retrospective cohort study, exercising before and after the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes was significantly associated with lower risk of fractures. This result suggested that exercising might be effective in reducing fracture risk.

Purpose: Patients with diabetes have a significantly higher risk of fractures.

Impact of coronary artery revascularization on long-term outcome in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients: a nationwide population-based cohort study.

Limited data are available on the long-term outcomes in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients with significant coronary artery disease (CAD) requiring revascularization. We investigated the risk of cardiovascular outcomes in HCM patients who underwent coronary revascularization compared to the control group without HCM. HCM patients aged ≥ 20 years were enrolled from the Korean National Health Insurance Database.

KAAACI Allergic Rhinitis Guidelines: Part 2. Update in Non-pharmacological Management.

Allergic rhinitis is the most common chronic disease worldwide. Various upper airway symptoms lower quality of life, and due to the recurrent symptoms, multiple treatments are usually attempted rather than one definitive treatment. There are alternatives to medical (medication-based) and non-medical treatments.

The effect of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease and diabetic kidney disease on the risk of hospitalization of heart failure in type 2 diabetes: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for heart failure. A recent consensus statement recommended annual cardiac biomarker testing (e.g.

Safety and effectiveness of anticoagulation with non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants and warfarin in patients on tuberculosis treatment.

Anti-tuberculosis treatment can cause significant drug-drug interaction and interfere with effective anticoagulation. However, there is a lack of evidence and conflicting data on the optimal oral anticoagulation in patients treated for tuberculosis. We investigated the safety and effectiveness of anticoagulation with non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) and warfarin in patients on anti-tuberculosis treatment.

KAAACI Allergic Rhinitis Guidelines: Part 1. Update in Pharmacotherapy.

The prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) and the socioeconomic burden associated with the medical cost and quality of life (QOL) of AR have progressively increased. Therefore, practical guidelines for the appropriate management of AR need to be developed based on scientific evidence while considering the real-world environment, values, and preferences of patients and physicians. The Korean Academy of Asthma, Allergy and Clinical Immunology revised clinical guidelines of AR to address key clinical questions of the management of AR.

Clinical characteristics of pediatric patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 versus common human coronaviruses: a national multicenter study.

Background: Human coronaviruses (HCoV) cause mild upper respiratory infections; however, in 2019, a novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), emerged, causing an acute respiratory disease pandemic. Coronaviruses exhibit marked epidemiological and clinical differences.

Purpose: This study compared the clinical, laboratory, and radiographic findings of children infected with SARS-CoV-2 versus HCoV.

Assessment of variables associated with prolonged admission duration in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.

Introduction: Macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MRMP) has become prevalent in children. This study investigated the clinical and laboratory variables of MRMP and macrolide-sensitive M. pneumoniae (MSMP) and identified factors associated with prolonged hospital admission in children.

Association Between Changes in Alcohol Consumption and Cancer Risk.

Importance: Although numerous studies have shown an association between alcohol consumption and cancer, how changes in drinking behavior increase or decrease the incidence of cancer is not well understood.

Objective: To investigate the association between the reduction, cessation, or increase of alcohol consumption and the development of alcohol-related cancers and all cancers.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This population-based cohort study analyzed adult beneficiaries in the Korean National Health Insurance Service.

Food allergy in early childhood increases the risk of oral allergy syndrome in schoolchildren: A birth cohort study.

Background: The level of pollen in Korea has increased over recent decades. Research suggests that oral allergy syndrome (OAS) may be more frequent in childhood than previously recognized. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of OAS in children aged 6-10 years from a general-population-based birth cohort.

Analysis of national surveillance of respiratory pathogens for community-acquired pneumonia in children and adolescents.

Background: Respiratory infections among children, particularly community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), is a major disease with a high frequency among outpatient and inpatient visits. The causes of CAP vary depending on individual susceptibility, the epidemiological characteristics of the community, and the season. We performed this study to establish a nationwide surveillance network system and identify the causative agents for CAP and antibiotic resistance in Korean children with CAP.

Impact of diabetes mellitus on the outcomes of subjects with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A nationwide cohort study.

Aims: Diabetes mellitus (DM) often coexists in elderly hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients; however, its impact on clinical outcomes is unclear.

Methods: We compared clinical outcomes according to the presence of DM in a nationwide HCM cohort.

Results: In 9,883 HCM subjects (mean age 58.

Clinical Characteristics of Macrolide-Refractory Pneumonia in Korean Children: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.

is a major causative pathogen of community-acquired pneumonia in children, and the treatment of choice is macrolides. There is an increasing trend in reports of refractory clinical responses despite macrolide treatment due to the emergence of macrolide-resistant . Early discrimination of macrolide-refractory pneumonia (MrMP) from macrolide-sensitive pneumonia (MSMP) is vital; however, testing for macrolide susceptibility at the time of admission is not feasible.

Clinical impact of atrial fibrillation in a nationwide cohort of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients.

Background: The clinical implications of atrial fibrillation (AF) in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients are incompletely characterized. We investigated the impact of AF on stroke and mortality, assessed the performance of the CHA2DS2-VASc score, and explored the predictors of stroke in HCM patients.

Methods: A nationwide cohort of HCM patients (n=8,349, mean age 60.