Thermosensitive Cellulosic Biohybrid Comb Copolymers by the Passerini-3CR: 2-Fold Functionalization and Subsequent Thermal Response.

This work showcases the synthesis of unprecedented thermosensitive biohybrid carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-based comb copolymers by a Passerini three-component reaction (P-3CR) in aqueous conditions. CMC was concomitantly functionalized by various hydrophobic aldehydes and a set of isocyanide-terminated poly(ethylene oxide--propylene oxide) (P(EO--PO)) segments, exhibiting a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) in water. The P-3CR allowed us to design a library of copolymers differing in their structural compositions (degrees of substitution up to 0.

Design of thermo-responsive self-assembly of PEGylated fatty acids: Switching reversibly from tubes or vesicles to micelles at physiological temperature.

Hypothesis: The mixing of end-capped poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chains with 12-hydroxy stearic acid (12-HSA) molecules is a simple one-pot strategy to design thermo-responsive PEGylated self-assemblies of fatty acids with various morphology types at room temperature (multi-lamellar tubes or vesicles) that transit reversibly upon heating into small micelles around physiological temperature.

Experimental: 4 types of 4k end-capped poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chains, capped respectively at one end or at both ends with either 12-HSA or stearic acid (SA), were mixed with 12-hydroxy stearic acid molecules, at a low constant ratio of end capped fatty acid moieties brought by the chains to that of free 12-HSA molecules. The detailed structure of the self-assemblies of mixtures was obtained using Small Angle Neutron Scattering with contrast variation at both 20 °C and 45 °C, and their temperature-dependent rheological behavior was characterized.

The impact of fat graft reconstructive surgery on prognosis in young women with breast cancer: a study from the French insurance databases.

Introduction: Fat graft (FG) is widely used in breast reconstructive surgery (RS) following mastectomy or lumpectomy for breast cancer (BC); however, concerns persist about its oncological safety. This study evaluates the impact of FG reconstruction compared to other techniques on BC survival in young women.

Methods: We identified patients aged 18-45 treated for non-metastatic BC on the French National Healthcare System Database between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2018.

[Prophylactic breast surgery in high-risk breast cancer patients].

Introduction: Breast cancer associated with pathogenic variants of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes requires specific management. This review examines the prognostic benefits, prophylactic surgical strategies, and impact on quality of life of patients at very high risk of breast cancer. Breast surgical prophylaxis concerns women at high risk of breast cancer with a risk assessment based on their personal and family history, or by diagnosis of pathogenic variants in high-risk genes.

Glycerol- and diglycerol-based polyesters: Evaluation of backbone alterations upon nano-formulation performance.

Despite the success of polyethylene glycol-based (PEGylated) polyesters in the drug delivery and biomedical fields, concerns have arisen regarding PEG's immunogenicity and limited biodegradability. In addition, inherent limitations, including limited chemical handles as well as highly hydrophobic nature, can restrict their effectiveness in physiological conditions of the polyester counterpart. To address these matters, an increasing amount of research has been focused towards identifying alternatives to PEG.

Synthesis of Multifunctional Polymersomes Prepared by Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly.

Polymersomes are an exciting modality for drug delivery due to their structural similarity to biological cells and their ability to encapsulate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs. In this regard, the current work aimed to develop multifunctional polymersomes, integrating dye (with hydrophobic Nile red and hydrophilic sulfo-cyanine5-NHS ester as model drugs) encapsulation, stimulus responsiveness, and surface-ligand modifications. Polymersomes constituting poly(-2-hydroxypropylmethacrylamide)--poly(-(2-(methylthio)ethyl)acrylamide) (PHPMAm--PMTEAM) are prepared by aqueous dispersion RAFT-mediated polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA).

Polymer-metal-organic framework self-assembly (PMOFSA) as a robust one-step method to generate well-dispersed hybrid nanoparticles in water.

A new process, PMOFSA, is described here, that opens the way for the one-pot straightforward and versatile manufacture of polymer-MOF nanoparticles in water. It can be expected that this study will not only expand the scope of preparation of polymer-MOF nano-objects but also inspire researchers in the field to prepare a new generation of polymer-MOF hybrid materials.

Poly (diglycerol adipate) variants as enhanced nanocarrier replacements in drug delivery applications.

Sustainably derived poly(glycerol adipate) (PGA) has been deemed to deliver all the desirable features expected in a polymeric scaffold for drug-delivery, including biodegradability, biocompatibility, self-assembly into nanoparticles (NPs) and a functionalisable pendant group. Despite showing these advantages over commercial alkyl polyesters, PGA suffers from a series of key drawbacks caused by poor amphiphilic balance. This leads to weak drug-polymer interactions and subsequent low drug-loading in NPs, as well as low NPs stability.

Comparing 200,000 Breast Implants and 85,000 Patients over Four National Breast Implant Registries.

Background: Growing awareness about breast implant-related adverse events has stimulated the demand for large, independent data resources. For this, data from breast implant registries could be combined. However, that has never been achieved yet.

Proviral role of human respiratory epithelial cell-derived small extracellular vesicles in SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Small Extracellular Vesicles (sEVs) are 50-200 nm in diameter vesicles delimited by a lipid bilayer, formed within the endosomal network or derived from the plasma membrane. They are secreted in various biological fluids, including airway nasal mucus. The goal of this work was to understand the role of sEVs present in the mucus (mu-sEVs) produced by human nasal epithelial cells (HNECs) in SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Monitoring Breast Cancer Care Quality at National and Local Level Using the French National Cancer Cohort.

Purpose: The French National Cancer Institute has developed, in partnership with the French National Authority for Health, breast cancer-specific Care Quality, and Safety Indicators (BC QIs). With regard to the most common form of cancer, our aim is to support local and national quality initiatives, to improve BC pathways and outcomes, reduce heterogeneity of practice and regional inequities. In this study, we measure the BC QIs available in the French National medico-administrative cancer database, the French Cancer Cohort, for 2018.

Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly (PISA) for in situ drug encapsulation or drug conjugation in cancer application.

Hypothesis: We describe the possibility of using the same block copolymer carriers prepared by PISA for in situ drug encapsulation or drug conjugation.

Experiments: Block copolymers containing poly((ethylene glycol) methacrylate)-co-poly(pentafluorophenyl methacrylate)-b-poly(hydroxypropyl methacrylate) (P((PEGMA-co-PFBMA)-b-PHPMA)) were synthesized at 10 wt% using PISA. The first approach involved in situ Doxorubicin (DOX) loading during PISA, while the second exhibited surface functionalization of PISA-made vesicles with dual drug therapies, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) and DOX using para-fluoro-thiol reaction (PFTR) and carbodiimide chemistry, respectively.

Breast Magnetic Resonance Image Analysis for Surgeons Using Virtual Reality: A Comparative Study.

Purpose: The treatment of breast cancer, the leading cause of cancer and cancer mortality among women worldwide, is mainly on the basis of surgery. In this study, we describe the use of a medical image visualization tool on the basis of virtual reality (VR), entitled DIVA, in the context of breast cancer tumor localization among surgeons. The aim of this study was to evaluate the speed and accuracy of surgeons using DIVA for medical image analysis of breast magnetic resonance image (MRI) scans relative to standard image slice-based visualization tools.

Safe-margin surgery by plastic reconstruction in extremities or parietal trunk soft tissue sarcoma: A tertiary single centre experience.

Introduction: Tertiary centers recruit a large proportion of locally advanced or recurrent soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) that may have been preoperatively irradiated. The objective of this study was to evaluate the results of oncoplastic surgery (OPS) for patients affected by extremities or parietal trunk STS.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study includes patients who underwent a flap reconstruction after sarcoma resection between January 2018 and December 2020 at Institut Curie.

[The therapeutic function of cosmetic surgery and nursing practice].

Reconstructive surgery restores the original shape of a part of the human body. Aesthetic surgery aims to beautify a part of the body perceived by the person as unsightly. Nursing care aims to avoid the physiological risks inherent in any type of surgery, but also to alleviate the suffering of people with a negative self-image.

Terpene polyacrylate TPA5 shows favorable molecular hydrodynamic properties as a potential bioinspired archaeological wood consolidant.

There is currently a pressing need for the development of novel bioinspired consolidants for waterlogged, archaeological wood. Bioinspired materials possess many advantages, such as biocompatibility and sustainability, which makes them ideal to use in this capacity. Based on this, a polyhydroxylated monomer was synthesised from α-pinene, a sustainable terpene feedstock derived from pine trees, and used to prepare a low molar mass polymer TPA5 through free radical polymerisation.

Total orbital exenteration with temporalis muscle transfer and secondary healing.

Objective: To evaluate the outcomes of orbital exenteration with temporalis muscle flap repair of the socket and secondary healing of the anterior surface of the flap in ocular, conjunctival, and eyelid malignancies.

Design: Retrospective single-centre study.

Participants: Consecutive patients who underwent total exenteration for malignancy with temporal muscle flap repair of the socket between December 2009 and January 2016.

Polymerisation-induced self-assembly (PISA) as a straightforward formulation strategy for stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems and biomaterials: recent advances.

Stimuli-responsive amphiphilic block copolymers have emerged as promising nanocarriers for enhancing site-specific and on-demand drug release in response to a range of stimuli such as pH, the presence of redox agents, and temperature. The formulation of amphiphilic block copolymers into polymeric drug-loaded nanoparticles is typically achieved by various methods (e.g.

Supramolecular Fluorine Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Probe Polymer Based on Passerini Bifunctional Monomer.

A water-soluble fluorine magnetic resonance spectroscopy host-guest probe, P(HPA--AdamCFA), was successfully constructed from the facile synthesis of a bifunctional monomer via a quantitative Passerini reaction. Supramolecular complexation with (2-hydroxypropyl)--cyclodextrin promoted a change in the chemical environment, leading to modulation of both the relaxation properties as well as chemical shift of the fluorine moieties. This change was used to probe the supramolecular interaction by F MRI spectroscopy and give insight into fluorine probe formulation.

Innovative DIEP flap perfusion evaluation tool: Qualitative and quantitative analysis of indocyanine green-based fluorescence angiography with the SPY-Q proprietary software.

Background: Perfusion-related complications remain the most common concern in DIEP flap breast reconstruction. Indocyanine green-based fluorescence angiography can be used for the real-time intra operative assessment of flap perfusion. The SPY Elite system is the most widely used device in this setting.

Getting into Shape: Reflections on a New Generation of Cylindrical Nanostructures' Self-Assembly Using Polymer Building Blocks.

Cylinders are fascinating structures with uniquely high surface area, internal volume, and rigidity. On the nanoscale, a broad range of applications have demonstrated advantageous behavior of cylindrical micelles or bottlebrush polymers over traditional spherical nano-objects. In the past, obtaining pure samples of cylindrical nanostructures using polymer building blocks via conventional self-assembly strategies was challenging.

Predicting Monomers for Use in Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly.

We report an in silico method to predict monomers suitable for use in polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA). By calculating the dependence of LogP  /surface area (SA) on the length of the growing polymer chain, the change in hydrophobicity during polymerization was determined. This allowed for evaluation of the capability of a monomer to polymerize to form self-assembled structures during chain extension.

Poly(Pentafluorophenyl Methacrylate)-Based Nano-Objects Developed by Photo-PISA as Scaffolds for Post-Polymerization Functionalization.

The preparation of a functional fluorine-containing block copolymer using reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer dispersion polymerization in DMSO as a "platform/scaffold" is explored. The nanostructures, comprised of poly(ethyleneglycol)-b-poly(pentafluorophenyl methacrylate) or PEG-b-P(PFMA), are formulated via photo-initiated polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) followed by post-polymerization modification using different primary amines. A combination of light scattering and microscopy techniques are used to characterize the resulting morphologies.

Coumarin-containing thermoresponsive hyaluronic acid-based nanogels as delivery systems for anticancer chemotherapy.

Multi-stimuli responsive nanogels based on biocompatible hydrophilic polymers have emerged as promising drug delivery systems to improve anticancer therapy with hydrophobic drugs, through increase of circulating-time in the bloodstream, tumor-targeting and reduction of systemic toxicity. This paper reports on the synthesis, characterization and biological perspectives of light- and thermoresponsive hyaluronic acid (HA)-based nanogels containing coumarin as the photocleavable group. Newly synthesized nanogels exhibited interesting features: formation by a temperature-triggered self-assembly process, successful incorporation of poorly water-soluble molecules, light-responsiveness as demonstrated by a significant shift in the critical aggregation temperature after light irradiation, efficient internalization by cancer cells overexpressing the CD44 receptor of HA, ability to circulate for a prolonged period of time in the bloodstream after intravenous injection in mice and considerable detection in tumor tissues.

Versatile Routes to Functional RAFT Chain Transfer Agents through the Passerini Multicomponent Reaction.

The widespread adoption of RAFT polymerization stems partly from the ease and utility of installing a functional chain transfer agent onto the ends of the generated polymer chains. In parallel, the Passerini multicomponent reaction offers great versatility in converting a wide range of easily accessible building blocks to functional materials. In this work, we have combined the two approaches such that a single, commonly available, RAFT agent is used in Passerini reactions to generate a variety of multifunctional RAFT chain transfer agents containing ester linkages.