A qualitative study of healthcare provider perspectives on challenges and opportunities to improve diabetes self-management practices in rural Bangladesh.

Aims: This qualitative study explores healthcare professionals' perspectives on the constraints and opportunities of diabetes self-management practices among rural people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Bangladesh. It also examines suggestions and preferences for future interventions to improve diabetes self-management practices (DSMP) adherence and health outcomes.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews with healthcare professionals that provide care to adults with T2DM in Bangladesh across tertiary, secondary and primary care settings were conducted using purposive sampling techniques.

Determinants of inequalities in health care seeking behavior for childhood illness in Bangladesh: a trend analysis.

Background: Worldwide, pneumonia and diarrhea are the leading public health problems; they kill more children under five years of age than any other infectious disease. Approximately two-thirds of all deaths occur in 15 developing countries, including Bangladesh. To achieve the targets of childhood mortality, it is essential to reduce the current rate of under-5 mortality.

Preoperative Factors Associated With In-Hospital Major Bleeding After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Systematic Review.

Background: Preoperative risk assessment of bleeding after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is vital for clinical quality registries, performance monitoring, and, most importantly, for clinical decision-making. This systematic review aims to summarise preoperative factors associated with post-PCI in-hospital major bleeding.

Method: The MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Scopus databases until December 2023 without any language restriction were systematically searched to identify preoperative factors related to in-hospital major bleeding post-PCI.

Self-reported health complaints and healthcare-seeking behaviour among adult people in rural Bangladesh: results from a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: This study aims to assess self-reported health complaints and healthcare-seeking behaviours in a rural population of Bangladesh. These factors are crucial for understanding health challenges and designing effective healthcare services in rural areas.

Design: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from May to October 2021.

Exploring under-five child malnutrition in Bangladesh: analysis using the Extended Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (ECIAF).

Objective: The current study is an attempt to explore under-five child malnutrition in a low-income population setting using the Extended Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (ECIAF).

Design: Data from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2017-2018 were analysed. Malnutrition using ECIAF was estimated using stunting, wasting underweight and overweight.

Factors influencing type 2 diabetes self-management practices in rural Bangladesh: a qualitative investigation.

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent, chronic health condition of global significance, with low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) disproportionately affected. Diabetes self-management practices (DSMP) are the gold-standard treatment approach, yet uptake remains challenge in LMICs.

Purpose Of The Study: This study aimed to explore the barriers to and facilitators of DSMP and preferences for intervention design and delivery in Bangladesh, an LMIC, with prevalent T2DM.

Sociodemographic factors, clinical characteristics, outcomes and short-term follow-up in COVID-19 patients with new onset hyperglycemia and pre-existing diabetes on admission in a tertiary-care hospital in Bangladesh.

Background: COVID-19 has been linked to hyperglycemia and diabetes, with noteworthy variation in outcomes. This study aimed to compare the sociodemographic factors, clinical characteristics, and in-hospital and short-term post-discharge outcomes between COVID-19 patients with new onset hyperglycemia and pre-existing diabetes patients in tertiary care hospitals in Bangladesh.

Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted among adult COVID-19 patients with new onset hyperglycemia or pre-existing diabetes admitted to the COVID-19 unit of Dhaka Medical College Hospital between April 2021 and October 2021.

Prediction of cyanotic and acyanotic congenital heart disease using machine learning models.

Background: Congenital heart disease is most commonly seen in neonates and it is a major cause of pediatric illness and childhood morbidity and mortality.

Aim: To identify and build the best predictive model for predicting cyanotic and acyanotic congenital heart disease in children during pregnancy and identify their potential risk factors.

Methods: The data were collected from the Pediatric Cardiology Department at Chaudhry Pervaiz Elahi Institute of Cardiology Multan, Pakistan from December 2017 to October 2019.

Stage-Specific Guideline Concordant Treatment Impacts on Survival in Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer: A Novel Quality Indicator.

Background: Lung cancer in Australia contributes 9% of all new cancer diagnoses and is the leading cause of cancer death and burden. Clinical practice guidelines provide evidence-based treatment recommendations for best practice management. We aimed to determine the extent of delivery of guideline-concordant treatment (GCT) and to identify modifiable variables influencing receipt of GCT and survival.

Size-dependent deleterious effects of nano- and microplastics on sperm motility.

Introduction: Growing concerns regarding the reproductive toxicity associated with daily life exposure to micro-/nano-plastics (abbreviated as MNPs) have become increasingly prevalent. In reality, MNPs exposure involves a heterogeneous mixture of MNPs of different sizes rather than a single size.

Methods: In this study, an oral exposure mouse model was used to evaluate the effects of MNPs of four size ranges: 25-30 nm, 1-5 µm, 20-27 µm, and 125-150 µm.

Determinants of low birth weight and its effect on childhood health and nutritional outcomes in Bangladesh.

Background: The high incidence of low birth weight (LBW) is associated with an increased risk of infant mortality, adverse pregnancy outcomes for mothers, and a decline in overall health and well-being. The current study aimed to identify the various determinants of LBW and its effect on adverse health and nutritional outcomes of children aged 0-23 months in Bangladesh.

Methods: Bangladesh Demography and Health Survey (BDHS) 2017-18 data was used.

Exploring type 2 diabetes self-management practices in rural Bangladesh: facilitators, barriers and expectations-a qualitative study protocol.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global public health crisis impacting low-income and middle-income countries such as Bangladesh. While self-management is encouraged for individuals with T2DM, there is a significant lack of knowledge regarding the factors of facilitators, barriers and expectations associated with T2DM self-management in Bangladesh. This research aims to investigate the potential elements that support, impede and are anticipated in the effective practice of self-management for T2DM in rural areas of Bangladesh.

Preoperative Variables of 30-Day Mortality in Adults Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Systematic Review.

Background And Aim: Risk adjustment following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is vital for clinical quality registries, performance monitoring, and clinical decision-making. There remains significant variation in the accuracy and nature of risk adjustment models utilised in international PCI registries/databases. Therefore, the current systematic review aims to summarise preoperative variables associated with 30-day mortality among patients undergoing PCI, and the other methodologies used in risk adjustments.

The effectiveness of diabetes self-management education intervention on glycaemic control and cardiometabolic risk in adults with type 2 diabetes in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) poses a significant challenge to public health. Effective diabetes self-management education (DSME) interventions may play a pivotal role in the care of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). A specific up-to-date systematic review is needed to assess the effect of DSME interventions on glycaemic control, cardiometabolic risk, self-management behaviours, and psychosocial well-being among T2DM across LMICs.

Prevalence and Determinants of Diarrhea, Fever, and Coexistence of Diarrhea and Fever in Children Under-Five in Bangladesh.

Diarrhea and fever are prevalent childhood illnesses with potentially severe consequences, especially when they co-occur. This study investigates the prevalence and determinants of diarrhea, fever, and their coexistence among children under-five in Bangladesh. Data from the 2017-2018 Bangladesh Demography and Health Survey (BDHS) were analyzed using multivariable stepwise logistic regression with backward selection.

Prevalence and factors associated with severe undernutrition among under-5 children in Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Nepal: a comparative study using multilevel analysis.

Despite economic growth and poverty reduction, under-5 child undernutrition is still rampant in South Asian countries. This study explored the prevalence and risk factors of severe undernutrition among under-5 children in Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Nepal for comparison using the Composite Index of Severe Anthropometric Failure. We utilised information on under-5 children from recent Demographic Health Surveys.

Challenges and Strategies in Conducting Population Health Research during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Experience from a Nationwide Mixed-Methods Study in Bangladesh.

Globally, the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic poses fundamental challenges in everyday life. Various controlling measures, including nationwide lockdowns, movement restrictions, travel bans, social distancing, and improved hygiene practices, have been widely introduced to curtail transmission of the disease. Notably, these measures have affected the execution of population health research that typically involves face-to-face data collection.

The capacity of primary healthcare facilities in Bangladesh to prevent and control non-communicable diseases.

Background: The rapid rise of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) has become a significant public health concern in Bangladesh. This study assesses the readiness of primary healthcare facilities to manage the following NCDs: diabetes mellitus (DM), cervical cancer, chronic respiratory diseases (CRIs), and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between May 2021 and October 2021 among 126 public and private primary healthcare facilities (nine Upazila health complexes (UHCs), 36 union-level facilities (ULFs), 53 community clinics (CCs), and 28 private hospitals/clinics).

Knowledge, attitudes and practices of COVID-19 in rural Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Understanding the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of COVID-19 within distinct populations may aid further public health messaging. This study's aims were to explore KAP towards COVID-19 in rural Bangladesh and identify any potential links to sociodemographics, existing clinical conditions and sources of information.

Design: Cross-sectional community-based study.

Evaluation of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and uptake in rural Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the acceptance and uptake of COVID-19 vaccines in rural Bangladesh.

Design: This was a cross-sectional study conducted between June and November 2021.

Setting: This study was conducted in rural Bangladesh.

Health system challenges and opportunities in organizing non-communicable diseases services delivery at primary healthcare level in Bangladesh: A qualitative study.

Introduction: The weak health system is viewed as a major systematic obstacle to address the rising burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in resource-poor settings. There is little information about the health system challenges and opportunities in organizing NCD services. This study examined the health system challenges and opportunities in organizing NCD services for four major NCDs (cervical cancer, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and chronic respiratory illnesses) at the primary healthcare (PHC) level in Bangladesh.

Machine learning methods for predicting major types of rheumatic heart diseases in children of Southern Punjab, Pakistan.

Objective: Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is a major health problem in the world, particularly in developing countries. This study aimed to predict mitral regurgitation (MR) and mitral stenosis (MS) RHD among children with RHD.

Methodology: Data was collected from the Pediatric Cardiology Department at Chaudhry Pervaiz Elahi Institute of Cardiology Multan, Pakistan from March to October 2019.