serovars in a tertiary hospital in Turkey, 2015-2017: molecular epidemiology, antimicrobial resistance and molecular characteristics of resistance mechanisms.

Background: Increase in antimicrobial resistance poses a global threat for treatment of Salmonellosis.

Objectives: In this study, serovar distribution, antimicrobial susceptibility, resistance genes, and clonal diversity were characterized in clinical isolates.

Methods: In this study, serovar distribution of clinical isolates was characterized by the Kauffman-White scheme.

Lycopene Supplemented Mediterranean Diet Ameliorates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) in Mice and Changes Intestinal Microbiome.

This study aimed to determine the effects of the Mediterranean diet (MD) and lycopene on the development of EAE and on inflammatory markers. In the 43-day study, 72 female C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into eight groups according to whether they were EAE or naive (control) mice, fed a Western diet or a MD, and whether they received lycopene. During the study, mice were fed ad libitum, and lycopene groups were given 10 mg/kg/day lycopene per mouse every other day for 28 days in oral gavage.

Exploring the complex interplay of Blastocystis, morbid obesity, and bariatric surgery on gut microbial dynamics.

This study examines Blastocystis dynamics in 15 individuals undergoing sleeve gastrectomy. Molecular detection involved DNA extraction, RT-PCR, and sequencing, while 16S rRNA sequencing via Illumina MiSeq analyzed the intestinal microbiome. Statistical analysis through SPSS considered a significance level of p < 0.

Comparing microbial communities in mucilage and seawater samples: Metagenomic insights into mucilage formation in the Marmara Sea.

Marine environments are subject to various naturally occurring phenomena, including marine snow and mucilage. In 2021, the rapid emergence of mucilage in the Marmara Sea raised concerns about its environmental impact. This study investigates the microbial communities in mucilage and seawater samples from the Marmara Sea using metagenomic-scale comparative analyses.

The comprehensive evaluation of oral and fecal microbiota in patients with acromegaly.

Purpose: The alteration of the microbiota in the mouth and gut could potentially play a role in the pathogenesis of various diseases, and conversely, these diseases may have an influence on the composition of the gut microbiota. Acromegaly disease can potentially affect physiological processes in the mouth and gut. The present study was designed to investigate the relationship between acromegaly and the oral and gut microbiota, as data on this topic are scarce.

Clonal spread of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-resistant Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates in a tertiary hospital.

Aim: The aims of this study were to: (i) determine antibiotic susceptibility of clinical isolates, (ii) investigate the presence of different classes of integrons and genes responsible for sulphonamide resistance, (iii) assess the molecular epidemiology of the isolates by determining their clonal relatedness, and (iv) investigate the potential sources of infection by collecting environmental samples when necessary.

Methods: 99 isolates from clinical specimens of hospitalized patients were screened by PCR for , , genes, and integron-associated integrase genes: , , and . PFGE was used to determine the clonal relatedness of the isolates.

A Shotgun Metagenomics Investigation into Labeling Inaccuracies in Widely Sold Probiotic Supplements in the USA.

While probiotics are generally considered safe, concerns persist regarding the accuracy of labels on these supplements and their potential contribution to the spread of antibiotic resistance genes. Given that probiotics are predominantly ingested with a view towards obtaining particular health benefits. The objective of this study is to assess the composition of 50 widely available probiotic supplements in the USA using shotgun metagenome sequencing.

Modulation of the skin and gut microbiome by psoriasis treatment: a comprehensive systematic review.

The microbiome is intricately linked to the development of psoriasis, serving as both a potential cause and consequence of the psoriatic process. In recent years, there has been growing interest among psoriasis researchers in exploring how psoriasis treatments affect the skin and gut microbiome. However, a comprehensive evaluation of the impact of modern treatment approaches on the microbiome has yet to be conducted.

A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial of Microbiome-Based Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Personalized Diet vs Low-Fermentable Oligosaccharides, Disaccharides, Monosaccharides, and Polyols Diet: A Novel Approach for the Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

Introduction: Personalized management strategies are pivotal in addressing irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This multicenter randomized controlled trial focuses on comparing the efficacy of a microbiome-based artificial intelligence-assisted personalized diet (PD) with a low-fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols diet (FODMAP) for IBS management.

Methods: One hundred twenty-one patients participated, with 70 assigned to the PD group and 51 to the FODMAP diet group.

16S rRNA sequencing reveals microbiota differences in orthopedic implants between aseptic loosening and prosthetic joint infection cases.

Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) and aseptic loosening (AL) are common complications of total joint arthroplasty. An accumulation of evidence indicates the presence of microbial communities on prosthetic implants, but the overall microbial profile is unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the differences in the microbial composition of prosthetic implants obtained from PJI and AL patients using the 16S rRNA sequencing method.

The role of the Mediterranean diet in modulating the gut microbiome: A review of current evidence.

The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is recognized as one of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization Intangible Cultural Heritage assets associated with lower rates of cardiometabolic diseases; lower prevalence of cancer, Alzheimer's disease, depression, and onset of inflammatory bowel disease; and more generally low-grade inflammation and mortality risks. Beyond being an input source of beneficial micronutrients, it recently has been discovered that the MedDiet plays a role in a more complex human microbiome-mediated mechanism. An interesting hypothesis suggests a bidirectional relationship between the MedDiet and the gut microbiome, where gut microbiota assembly and biosynthetic capacity are responsive to the diet; in return, the microbiome-reachable nutrients shape and modulate the microbiome toward a characteristic probiotic state.

A comparative study of the clonal diversity and virulence characteristics of uropathogenic isolated from Australian and Turkish (Turkey) children and adults with urinary tract infections.

Introduction: The virulence-associated gene (VAG) repertoire and clonal organization of uropathogenic (UPEC) strains is influenced by host demographic, geographic locale, and the setting of urinary tract infection (UTI). Nevertheless, a direct comparison of these features among Australian and Turkish UPEC remains unexplored. Accordingly, this study investigated the clonal composition and virulence characteristics of a collection of UPEC isolated from Australian and Turkish UTI patients.

Efficacy of AI-Assisted Personalized Microbiome Modulation by Diet in Functional Constipation: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Currently, medications and behavioral modifications have limited success in the treatment of functional constipation (FC). An individualized diet based on microbiome analysis may improve symptoms in FC. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the impacts of microbiome modulation on chronic constipation.

Artificial intelligence-based personalized diet: A pilot clinical study for irritable bowel syndrome.

We enrolled consecutive IBS-M patients (n = 25) according to Rome IV criteria. Fecal samples were obtained from all patients twice (pre-and post-intervention) and high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing was performed. Six weeks of personalized nutrition diet (n = 14) for group 1 and a standard IBS diet (n = 11) for group 2 were followed.

Potential associations between alterations in gut microbiome and obesity-related traits after the bariatric surgery.

Background: This study aimed to examine the effects of both obesity and bariatric surgery on gut microbiome, dietary intake, as well as metabolic and inflammatory parameters.

Methods: All participants (15 with morbid obesity who had bariatric surgery, 8 with morbid obesity and 11 non-obese) were followed up for a 6-month period with interviews at baseline (M0), at the end of 3 (M3) and 6 months (M6). Dietary assessment was done, and blood and faecal samples were collected.

SERS-based sensor with a machine learning based effective feature extraction technique for fast detection of colistin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Colistin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (ColR-Kp) causes high mortality rates since colistin is used as the last-line antibiotic against multi-drug resistant Gram-negative bacteria. To reduce infections and mortality rates caused by ColR-Kp fast and reliable detection techniques are vital. In this study, we used a label-free surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based sensor with machine learning algorithms to discriminate colistin-resistant and susceptible strains of K.

Acromegaly is associated with a distinct oral and gut microbiota.

Purpose: Our aim was to investigate the changes in the composition of oral and gut microbiota in patients with newly diagnosed acromegaly and their relationship with IGF-1 levels.

Methods: Oral and fecal samples were collected from patients with newly diagnosed acromegaly without comorbidities and from healthy controls. The composition of the microbiota was analyzed.

Stratification of the Gut Microbiota Composition Landscape across the Alzheimer's Disease Continuum in a Turkish Cohort.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a heterogeneous disorder that spans a continuum with multiple phases, including preclinical, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia. Unlike for most other chronic diseases, human studies reporting on AD gut microbiota in the literature are very limited. With the scarcity of approved drugs for AD therapies, the rational and precise modulation of gut microbiota composition using diet and other tools is a promising approach to the management of AD.

Temporal overexpression of IL-22 and Reg3γ differentially impacts the severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

IL-22 is an alpha-helical cytokine which belongs to the IL-10 family of cytokines. IL-22 is produced by RORγt+ innate and adaptive lymphocytes, including ILC3, γδ T, iNKT, Th17 and Th22 cells and some granulocytes. IL-22 receptor is expressed primarily by non-haematopoietic cells.

Gut microbiota in patients with newly diagnosed acromegaly: a pilot cross-sectional study.

Purpose: Microbiota has crucial biological importance for human well-being. Bidirectional interaction exists between microbiota and the host, and there have been no studies investigating this interaction in patients with acromegaly. We aimed to analyze the composition of microbiota in patients with newly diagnosed acromegaly.

Statistical and Machine Learning Techniques in Human Microbiome Studies: Contemporary Challenges and Solutions.

The human microbiome has emerged as a central research topic in human biology and biomedicine. Current microbiome studies generate high-throughput omics data across different body sites, populations, and life stages. Many of the challenges in microbiome research are similar to other high-throughput studies, the quantitative analyses need to address the heterogeneity of data, specific statistical properties, and the remarkable variation in microbiome composition across individuals and body sites.

Effect of essential oil supplementation to diet on meat quality, fatty acid composition, performance parameters and intestinal microbiota of Japanese quails.

The effect of essential oil (EO) supplementation on carcass characteristics of Japanese quails and interactions between ingredients and intestinal morphology were investigated in this study. A total of 250 quails were fed different diet: D1, basal diet (BD); D2, BD plus palmarosa oil (PO; 100 µg/kg diet); D3, BD plus lemon myrtle oil (LMO; 100 µg/kg diet); D4, BD plus α-Tops (mixture of α-terpineol, cineole and terpinene-4-ol; 100 µg/kg diet); and D5, BD plus cyclodextrin. Overall growth performance was determined at multiple time points during 35 days of experiment.