Vesical Imaging Reporting and Data System: Overcoming Barriers to Global Implementation- Expert Panel Narrative Review.

Since its introduction in 2018, the Vesical Imaging Reporting and Data System (VI-RADS) has emerged as a standardized and reproducible framework for multiparametric MRI assessment of bladder cancer, with validated diagnostic accuracy in distinguishing muscle-invasive from non-muscle-invasive disease. Despite growing international interest, expert consensus, and the system's inclusion in most major guidelines, real-world clinical adoption of VI-RADS remains limited. This AJR Expert Panel Narrative Review explores the key barriers that hinder the implementation of VI-RADS into everyday workflows across diverse healthcare settings, including skepticism among referring clinicians, an inability (unlike cystoscopy-based staging) to perform simultaneous tumor resection, suboptimal posttreatment performance, and variability in image quality and reader experience.

Abdominopelvic complications of gynecologic malignancy: Essentials for radiologists.

Gynecologic cancers are among the leading causes of cancer-related deaths among female patients, with over 80 % of patients experiencing persistent or long-term effects even after curative treatment. Abdominopelvic complications can arise from the disease itself or treatment-related factors. Tumor-related complications include effects from locoregional invasion (malignant bowel obstruction, obstructive uropathy), tumor rupture (and associated hemorrhage), hypercoagulability (leading to deep vein thrombosis), and infections (including tumor fistulization to the bowel or lower urinary tract, abscesses, pyometra, and/or superinfected necrosis).

Cervical Cancer Reporting Lexicon: A Collaboration by the SAR Uterine and Ovarian Cancer DFP, ESUR Female Pelvic Imaging Working Group, and Asian Society of Abdominal Radiology.

Cervical cancer treatment involves multidisciplinary care teams comprised of gynecologic surgeons, gynecologic oncologists, radiation oncologists, pathologists, and radiologists. The 2018 update of the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics cervical cancer staging system incorporated imaging as a source of staging information, reflecting the critical role of imaging in evaluating patients with cervical cancer before and after therapy. However, lack of standardized terminology has led to challenges in the updated system's application, including ambiguity in management decisions.

Navigating advanced renal cell carcinoma in the era of artificial intelligence.

Background: Research has helped to better understand renal cell carcinoma and enhance management of patients with locally advanced and metastatic disease. More recently, artificial intelligence has emerged as a powerful tool in cancer research, particularly in oncologic imaging. BODY: Despite promising results of artificial intelligence in renal cell carcinoma research, most investigations have focused on localized disease, while relatively fewer studies have targeted advanced and metastatic disease.

Imaging in pelvic exenteration-a multidisciplinary practice guide from the ESGAR-SAR-ESUR-PelvEx collaborative group.

Pelvic exenteration (PE) is a radical surgical approach designed for the curative treatment of advanced pelvic malignancies, requiring en-bloc resection of multiple pelvic organs. While the procedure is radical, it has shown promise in enhancing long-term survival and is now comparable in surgical mortality to elective resections for primary pelvic cancers. Imaging plays a crucial role in preoperative planning, with MRI, CT, and PET/CT being pivotal in assessing the extent of cancer and formulating a surgical roadmap.

ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Pretreatment Evaluation and Follow-Up of Invasive Cancer of the Cervix: 2023 Update.

Cervical cancer is a common gynecological malignancy worldwide. Cervical cancer is staged based on the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) classification system, which was revised in 2018 to incorporate radiologic and pathologic data. Imaging plays an important role in pretreatment assessment including initial staging and treatment response assessment of cervical cancer.

Performance of VI-RADS in predicting muscle-invasive bladder cancer after transurethral resection: a single center retrospective analysis.

Purpose: To assess VIRADS performance and inter-reader agreement for detecting muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) following transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT).

Methods: An IRB-approved, HIPAA-compliant, retrospective study from 2016 to 2020 included patients with bladder urothelial carcinoma who underwent MRI after TURBT, and cystectomy within 3 months without post-MRI treatments. Three radiologists blinded to pathology results independently reviewed MR images and assigned a VI-RADS score.

MRI, clinical, and radiomic models for differentiation of uterine leiomyosarcoma and leiomyoma.

Purpose: To assess the predictive ability of conventional MRI features and MRI texture features in differentiating uterine leiomyoma (LM) from uterine leiomyosarcoma (LMS).

Methods: This single-center, IRB-approved, HIPAA-compliant retrospective study included 108 patients (69 LM, 39 LMS) who had pathology, preoperative MRI, and clinical data available at our tertiary academic institution. Two radiologists independently evaluated 14 features on preoperative MRI.

Current Status of Cancer Genomics and Imaging Phenotypes: What Radiologists Need to Know.

Ongoing discoveries in cancer genomics and epigenomics have revolutionized clinical oncology and precision health care. This knowledge provides unprecedented insights into tumor biology and heterogeneity within a single tumor, among primary and metastatic lesions, and among patients with the same histologic type of cancer. Large-scale genomic sequencing studies also sparked the development of new tumor classifications, biomarkers, and targeted therapies.

Development, Implementation, and Assessment of a Quality, Research, Education, and Wellness (QREW) Professional Development Lecture Series for Radiology Faculty.

Rationale And Objectives: Professional development is important to academic radiologists. We developed, implemented, and assessed an internal professional development lecture series focusing on the non-interpretative themes of Quality, Research, Education, and Wellness (QREW).

Materials And Methods: The faculty of a 29-member abdominal radiology division at an academic hospital were invited to deliver 1-hour virtual lectures on noninterpretative topics to division colleagues.

Synoptic Reporting for Pretreatment CT Examination in Patients With Advanced Ovarian Cancer: Impact on Documentation of Disease Sites and Physician Satisfaction.

Imaging reports that consistently document all disease sites with a potential to increase surgical complexity or morbidity can facilitate ovarian cancer treatment planning. The aims of this study were to compare simple structured reports and synoptic reports from pretreatment CT examinations in patients with advanced ovarian cancer in terms of completeness of documenting involvement of clinically relevant anatomic sites as well as to evaluate physician satisfaction with synoptic reports. This retrospective study included 205 patients (median age, 65 years) who underwent contrast-enhanced abdominopelvic CT before primary treatment of advanced ovarian cancer from June 1, 2018, to January 31, 2022.

Gynecologic oncology tumor board: the central role of the radiologist.

This manuscript is a collaborative, multi-institutional effort by members of the Society of Abdominal Radiology Uterine and Ovarian Cancer Disease Focus Panel and the European Society of Urogenital Radiology Women Pelvic Imaging working group. The manuscript reviews the key role radiologists play at tumor board and highlights key imaging findings that guide management decisions in patients with the most common gynecologic malignancies including ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, and endometrial cancer.

Practical Tips for Reporting Adnexal Lesions Using O-RADS MRI.

The Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System (O-RADS) MRI risk stratification system provides a standardized lexicon and evidence-based risk score for evaluation of adnexal lesions. The goals of the lexicon and risk score are to improve report quality and communication between radiologists and clinicians, reduce variability in the reporting language, and optimize management of adnexal lesions. The O-RADS MRI risk score is based on the presence or absence of specific imaging features, including the lipid content, enhancing solid tissue, number of loculi, and fluid type.

Differentiating Benign From Malignant Cystic Renal Masses: A Feasibility Study of Computed Tomography Texture-Based Machine Learning Algorithms.

Objective: The Bosniak classification attempts to predict the likelihood of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) among cystic renal masses but is subject to interobserver variability and often requires multiphase imaging. Artificial intelligence may provide a more objective assessment. We applied computed tomography texture-based machine learning algorithms to differentiate benign from malignant cystic renal masses.

Adnexal Lesion Imaging: Past, Present, and Future.

Currently, imaging is part of the standard of care for patients with adnexal lesions prior to definitive management. Imaging can identify a physiologic finding or classic benign lesion that can be followed up conservatively. When one of these entities is not present, imaging is used to determine the probability of ovarian cancer prior to surgical consultation.

Lexicon for adrenal terms at CT and MRI: a consensus of the Society of Abdominal Radiology adrenal neoplasm disease-focused panel.

Purpose: Substantial variation in imaging terms used to describe the adrenal gland and adrenal findings leads to ambiguity and uncertainty in radiology reports and subsequently their understanding by referring clinicians. The purpose of this study was to develop a standardized lexicon to describe adrenal imaging findings at CT and MRI.

Methods: Fourteen members of the Society of Abdominal Radiology adrenal neoplasm disease-focused panel (SAR-DFP) including one endocrine surgeon participated to develop an adrenal lexicon using a modified Delphi process to reach consensus.

Interreader Agreement and Intermodality Concordance of O-RADS US and MRI for Assessing Large, Complex Ovarian-Adnexal Cysts.

Purpose To assess interreader agreement of the Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System (O-RADS) and intermodality concordance between US and MRI for characterizing complex adnexal cysts measuring 5 cm or larger. Materials and Methods This retrospective study included 58 "complex cysts" measuring at least 5 cm in size observed at both US and MRI in 54 women (median age, 37 years ± 12 [SD]; seven postmenopausal women) between July 2017 and June 2020, identified from an electronic US database. A separate set of two blinded radiologists independently reviewed the US or MR images to assign the O-RADS category, and an adjudicator resolved discrepancies (a total of six readers).

The BUMPy road of peritoneal metastases in ovarian cancer.

Ovarian cancer is the most common cause of death due to gynecologic malignancies, with more than 70% of patients presenting with advanced stage disease at the time of diagnosis. The extent and distribution of tumor guide primary treatment selection and clinical management. While primary cytoreductive surgery with complete tumor resection improves survival, patients with extensive peritoneal disease may benefit from neoadjuvant chemotherapy first to reduce tumor burden followed by interval cytoreductive surgery.