Association of Systolic Blood Pressure Time in Target Range With Cardiovascular Events Among PRECISION Participants.

Blood pressure (BP) is a dynamic vital sign with variability. Novel metrics that account for BP variability and longitudinal control are gaining interest, such as time in target range (TTR) assessments. TTR is the percentage of time a patient's BP is within a desired range.

Speaking the Language of Inclusion: Examining English Languages Requirements in Cardiovascular Digital Health Trials.

Background: Cardiovascular medicine is rapidly evolving, as it integrates digital technologies intended to decentralize care from the clinic and/or hospital setting into patient's homes and communities. However, clinical trials of digital technologies are frequently written and communicated solely in English, potentially exacerbating existing racial and ethnic differences in cardiovascular-related health outcomes. In this work, we evaluated the language-related inclusion and exclusion criteria of digital health trials related to cardiovascular medicine registered on ClinicalTrials.

Fixed-dose combination of obicetrapib and ezetimibe for LDL cholesterol reduction (TANDEM): a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Reducing LDL cholesterol prevents atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) events. The aim of this study was to evaluate the LDL cholesterol-lowering efficacy of a fixed-dose combination (FDC) of obicetrapib, a CETP inhibitor, and ezetimibe.

Methods: This randomised, double-blind trial across 48 US sites including hospitals, private and group practices, and independent research centres included participants at least 18 years old with pre-existing or high risk for ASVCD or heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia with LDL cholesterol concentrations of 1·8 mmol/L (70 mg/dL) or greater despite maximally tolerated lipid-lowering therapy excluding ezetimibe, or having statin intolerance.

Lorundrostat Efficacy and Safety in Patients with Uncontrolled Hypertension.

Background: Aldosterone dysregulation contributes to hypertension. Lorundrostat is an aldosterone synthase inhibitor, but data on its efficacy and safety in patients with hypertension are limited.

Methods: In this multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, we assigned participants who were receiving two to five antihypertensive medications and had a blood-pressure measurement of 140/90 mm Hg or higher obtained during an office visit to undergo a standardized antihypertensive regimen for 3 weeks.

Associations between accurate measures of adiposity and fitness, blood proteins, and insulin sensitivity among South Asians and Europeans.

Objective: South Asians (SAs) may possess a unique predisposition to insulin resistance (IR). We explored this possibility by investigating the relationship between 'gold standard' measures of adiposity, fitness, selected proteomic biomarkers, and insulin sensitivity among a cohort of SAs and Europeans (EURs).

Methods: A total of 46 SAs and 41 EURs completed 'conventional' (lifestyle questionnaires, standard physical exam) as well as 'gold standard' (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry scan, cardiopulmonary exercise test, and insulin suppression test) assessments of adiposity, fitness, and insulin sensitivity.

Factors Associated with Lipoprotein(a) Testing Among Multiethnic Individuals.

Background: Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a causal risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and clinical guidelines recommend incorporating Lp(a) testing in routine care.

Objective: Examine real-world, contemporary clinical testing patterns of Lp(a) among multiethnic populations.

Design: In this nested case-control study, we assessed the prevalence and factors associated with Lp(a) testing within a large Northern Californian health system between 2010 and 2021.

Associations between accurate measures of adiposity and fitness, blood proteins, and insulin sensitivity among South Asians and Europeans.

Objective: South Asians (SAs) may possess a unique predisposition to insulin resistance (IR). We explored this possibility by investigating the relationship between 'gold standard' measures of adiposity, fitness, selected proteomic biomarkers, and insulin sensitivity among a cohort of SAs and Europeans (EURs).

Methods: A total of 46 SAs and 41 EURs completed 'conventional' (lifestyle questionnaires, standard physical exam) as well as 'gold standard' (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry scan, cardiopulmonary exercise test, and insulin suppression test) assessments of adiposity, fitness, and insulin sensitivity.

Obicetrapib-the Rebirth of CETP Inhibitors?

Purpose Of Review: To provide perspective on the current development status, and potential future role, of obicetrapib, a third-generation cholesterylester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitor. Obicetrapib has received recent attention following positive Phase II clinical trial data and initiation of Phase III trials for the treatment of dyslipidemia and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).

Recent Findings: The ROSE and ROSE2 trials are Phase II studies that examined the lipid lowering effects of obicetrapib in patients on pre-existing high-intensity statin therapy.

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Conduct and Results of CLEAR Outcomes Trial.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted clinical research. CLEAR Outcomes investigated the effect of bempedoic acid (BA) versus placebo in 13 970 patients with statin intolerance and high cardiovascular (CV) risk. BA reduced the risk of the primary endpoint (composite of CV death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or coronary revascularization) by 13%.

Lipoprotein(a) Levels in Disaggregated Racial and Ethnic Subgroups Across Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk Levels.

Background: Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a causal risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).

Objectives: The authors assessed differences in Lp(a) testing and levels by disaggregated race, ethnicity, and ASCVD risk.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of patients from a large California health care system from 2010 to 2021.

Effects of canagliflozin on total heart failure events across the kidney function spectrum: Participant-level pooled analysis from the CANVAS Program and CREDENCE trial.

Aims: People with type 2 diabetes (T2D) face high risks of heart failure (HF) hospitalizations that are often recurrent, especially as kidney function declines. We examined the effects of canagliflozin on total HF events by baseline kidney function in patients with T2D at high cardiovascular risk and/or with chronic kidney disease.

Methods And Results: Leveraging pooled participant-level data from the CANVAS programme (n = 10 142) and CREDENCE trial (n = 4401), first and total HF hospitalizations were examined.

Evaluation of Prompts to Simplify Cardiovascular Disease Information Generated Using a Large Language Model: Cross-Sectional Study.

In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated the completeness, readability, and syntactic complexity of cardiovascular disease prevention information produced by GPT-4 in response to 4 kinds of prompts.

Patterns and gaps in guideline-directed statin use for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease by race and ethnicity.

Objective: There remain disparities by race and ethnicity in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Statins reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) and improve ASCVD outcomes. ASCVD treatment patterns across disaggregated race and ethnicity groups are incompletely understood.

Underrepresentation of Women in Reduced Ejection Heart Failure Clinical Trials With Improved Mortality or Hospitalization.

Background: There are established sex-specific differences in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) outcomes. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) based on cardiovascular outcome benefits, typically either reduced cardiovascular mortality or hospitalization for heart failure (HHF), influence current guidelines for therapy.

Objectives: The authors evaluate the representation of women in HFrEF RCTs that observed reduced all-cause or cardiovascular mortality or HHF.

Atherosclerotic plaque stabilization and regression: a review of clinical evidence.

Atherosclerotic plaque results from a complex interplay between lipid deposition, inflammatory changes, cell migration and arterial wall injury. Over the past two decades, clinical trials utilizing invasive arterial imaging modalities, such as intravascular ultrasonography, have shown that reducing levels of atherogenic lipoproteins, mainly serum LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), to very low levels can safely reduce overall atherosclerotic plaque burden and favourably modify plaque composition. Classically, this outcome has been achieved with intensive statin therapy.